P3
Middle English literature strongly reflects the principles (原则) of the medieval Christina doctrine (中世纪基督教学说) , which were primarily (主要) concerned with the issue of personal salvation (属蛇婚配拯救怀字成语)
P4
Geoffrey Chaucer is the greatest writer of this period.Chaucer characteristically( 表示特性地) regard life in term of aristocratic ideals (贵族理想) ,but he never lost the ability of regarding life as a purely(纯粹地) practical matter , the art of being at once involved in and detached from a given situation is peculiarly (特有地) Chaucer’s
Chaucer bore （带有）marks of humanism and anticipated ( 预期的)a new era (企业服务总线时代) to come
In short, Chaucer develops his characterization (描述) to a higher artistic (艺术的,有美感的) level by prenting characters (引出人物) with both typical and individual dispositions (部署)
Chaucer’s reputation (名誉) has been curely established as one of the best English poets for his wisdom, humor and humanity
Chapter 1
Renaissances: The Renaissances which means rebirth or revival, is actually a movement stimulated ( 刺激) by a ries of historical events, In esnce( 本质上) , is a historical period in which the European humanist thinkers (人道主义思想家) and scholars (学者) made attempt( 努力/尝试天什么地什么成语) to get rid of ( 学习态度自我评价摆脱) tho old feudalist ideas ( 封建主义) in medieval Europe , to introduce new ideas that expresd the interests of the rising bourgeoisie (新兴的资产阶级) and to recover the purity (纯度) of the early church from the corruption( 腐败,堕落) of the Roman Catholic Church/P7
P8
Humanism is the esnce ( 科技手工本质) of the Renaissance
Thomas More , Christopher Marlowe and William Shakespeare and the best reprentati
ves of the English humanist
When Henry VIII declared himlf through the approval of the Parliament ( 国会) as the supreme (极大的,最高的) Head of the Church of England in 1534 , the Reformation in England was in its full swing ( 高潮)
P10
The religious reformation was actually as reflection of the class struggle waged ( 工资 )by the new rising bourgeoisie against the feudal class and its ideology ( 意识形态)
The first period of the English Renaissance was one of imitation and assimilation ( 模仿与同化)
In the early stage of the Renaissance, poetry and poetic drama were the most outstanding literary forms and they were carried on especially by Shakespeare and Ben Jonson
The Elizabethan drama , in its totally, is the real mainstream( 主流) of the English Renaissance
The most famous dramatists in the Renaissance England are Christopher Marlowe, William Shakespeare and Ben Jonson
P12
Edmund Spenr
he was born in London and received good education & left Cambridge in 1576.in 1580, he was made cretary of Lord Grey of wilton. Spenr’s masterpiece (代表作)is the “ Faerie Queene ” is great poem of its age日记女孩。 To fashion a gentleman or noble person in virtuous and gentle discipline” he speaks of 12 virtues (天使)of the private genltman and plans 12 books ,each one with different heroes.
5 main qualities of Spenr’s poetry 1) a perfect melody 2) a rare of beauty 3) a splendid imagination 4) a lofty moral purity and riousness 5) a dedicated idealism,
P19
Christopher Marlowe
Born in 1564 of Canterbury shoemaker (坎特伯雷鞋匠). Scholarships took him first to the kind’s school then to cambridge. And write the play of Tamburlaine. 1593, Marlowe was killed in a quarrel ove a tavern bill in Deptford.
Tamburlaine : In fact, Tamburlaine is a product of Marlowe’s characteristically Renaissance imagination ( 想像力) , fascinated by the earthly magnificence (农药标签华丽) available to men of imaginative (想像的) power who have the energy of their convictions ( 这样的才能)
Marlow’s greatest achievement( 成就) lies in that be perfected the blank ver ( 非对称) and made it the principal medium of English drama.
Marlowe’s cond achievement is his creation of the Renaissance hero of English Drama
Tamburlaine , being a cruel conqueror ( 征服者), finds consummate ( 至上的, 完美的) happiness in subduing (征服 ) other kingdoms Though Marlowe is masterful (专横的,专长的) in handing blank ver and creating dramatic effects, he is not so strong in dramatic construction, and compared w/ Shakespeare, his women characters are rather pale (苍白) .
P28
William Shakespeare
Shakespeare was born porbabaly on 1564/4/23. into a merchant’s family a stratford-on-Avon.
Shakespeare is one of the most remarkable playwrights and poets the world has ever known. With his 38 plays, 154 sonnets and 2 long poems.
Generally his dramatic career is divided into 4 periods
1) the first period of Shakespeare’s dramatic career was one of apprenticeship (学徒身份). Article : Henry VI, Parts I …….
2) In cond period, Shakespeare’s style and approach became highly individualized
