引体向上怎么荡The Canterbury Tales
by
GEOFFREY CHAUCER
A READER-FRIENDLY EDITION
二米粥
Put into modern spelling
by
MICHAEL MURPHY
GENERAL PROLOGUE
1
1 When April with its sweet showers has pierced the drought of March to the root and bathed every rootlet in
the liquid by which the flower is engendered; when the west wind also, with its sweet breath, has brought forth young shoots in every grove and field; when the early sun of spring has run half his cour in the sign of Aries, and when small birds make melody, birds that sleep all night with eyes open, (as Nature inspires them to) --THEN people have a strong desire to go on pilgrimages, and pilgrims long to go to foreign shores to distant shrines
known in various countries. And especially they go from every county in England to ek out the shrine of the holy blesd martyr who has helped them when they were sick.
2 4: "By virtue (strength) of which the flower is engendered."
3 8: The early sun of Spring has moved part way through the sign of Aries (the Ram) in the Zodiac.
4 13-14: "Pilgrims ek foreign shores (to go) to distant shrines known in different lands." Palmers : pilgrims,
from the palm-leaves they got in Jerusalem.
GENERAL PROLOGUE
The opening is a long, elaborate ntence about the effects of Spring on the vegetable and animal world, and on people. The style of the rest of the Prologue and Tales is much simpler than this opening. A clo paraphra of the opening ntence is offered at the bottom of this page.1
W hen that April with his showers soote
its showers sweet The drought of March hath pierc •d to the root And bath •d every vein in such liquor
rootlet / liquid
Of which virtúe engendered is the flower;2 5
When Zephyrus eke with his sweet • breath West Wind also Inspir •d hath in every holt and heath grove & field
The tender cropp •s, and the young • sun young shoots / Spring sun
Hath in the Ram his half • cour y-run,3 in Aries / has run
And small • fowl •s maken melody
little birds 10
That sleepen all the night with open eye Who sleep (So pricketh them Natúre in their courág es), spurs / spirits Then longen folk to go on pilgrimáges, people long And palmers for to eken strang • strands pilgrims / shores
To fern • hallows couth in sundry lands,4 distant shrines known
15
And specially from every shir •'s end county's
Of Eng •land to Canterbury they wend go
The holy blissful martyr for to ek,
St. Thomas Becket That them hath holpen when that they were sick. Who has helped them
2CANTERBURY TALES
1 45-6: "He loved everything that pertained to knighthood: truth (to one's word), honor, magnanimity
At the Tabard Inn, just south of London, the poet-pilgrim falls in with a group of twenty nine other pilgrims who have met each other along the way.Befell that in that ason on a day It happened
20In Southwark at The Tabard as I lay inn name / lodged Ready to wenden on my pilgrimage to go To Canterbury with full devout couráge, spirit, heart At night was come into that hostelry inn Well nine and twenty in a company fully 29 25Of sundry folk by áventure y-fall by chance fallen ...
In fellowship, and pilgrims were they all ...Into company That toward Canterbury woulden ride. wished to
The chambers and the stables weren wide were roomy And well we weren eas •d at the best. entertained 30And shortly, when the sunn • was to rest, sun had t
So had I spoken with them every one That I was of their fellowship anon, And mad • forward early for to ri agreement
To take our way there as I you devi. I shall tell you
35 But natheless, while I have time and space, nevertheless Ere that I further in this tal • pace, Bef
ore I go Methinketh it accordant to reason It ems to me To tell you all the conditïon circumstances Of each of them so as it em •d me, to me 40And which they weren, and of what degree And who / social rank And eke in what array that they were in; also / dress And at a knight then will I first begin.
The Knight is the person of highest social standing on the pilgrimage though you would never know it from his modest manner or his clothes. He keeps his ferocity for crusaders' battlefields where he has distinguished himlf over many years and over a wide geographical area. As the text says, he is not "gay", that is, he is not showily dresd, but is still wearing the military padded coat stained by the armor he has only recently taken off. A KNIGHT there was and that a worthy man
That from the tim • that he first began 45
To riden out, he lov •d chivalry,
Truth and honóur, freedom and courtesy.1
CANTERBURY TALES
3
(freedom ), courtesy."
1 52-3: He had often occupied the at of honor at the table of the Teutonic Knights in Prussia, where badges
awarded to distinguished crusaders read "Honneur vainc tout: Honor conquers all." Though the campaigns listed below were real, and though it was perhaps just possible for one man to have been in them all, the list is probably idealized. The exact geographical locations are of little interest today. This portrait is generally thought to show a man of unsullied ideals; Jones (e Bibliography) insists that the knight was a mere mercenary.
2 63: "In single combat (listes ) three times, and always (ay ) killed his opponent."
3 64-67: The knight had fought for one Saracen or pagan leader against another, a common, if dubious,
practice. And ever more ... may mean he always kept the highest reputation or that he always came away with a splendid reward or booty (prize)..
Full worthy was he in his lord •'s war,
lorde's = king's or God's
And thereto had he ridden--no man farre farther
As well in Christendom as Heatheness heathendom
50
And ever honoured for his worthiness.
His campaigns
At Alexandria he was when it was won. captured
Full often time he had the board begun table
Aboven all • natïons in Prussia.1
In Lithow had he reis •d and in Russia Lithuania / fought
55
No Christian man so oft of his degree. rank
In Gránad' at the siege eke had he be Granada / also
Of Algesir and ridden in Belmarie. At Ley •s was he and at Satalie
When they were won, and in the Great • Sea Mediterranean
幻灯片主题60
At many a noble army had he be. At mortal battles had he been fifteen
And foughten for our faith at Tramisne In list •s thric •, and ay slain his foe.2 combat 3 times & always
This ilk • worthy knight had been also same
65
Sometim • with the lord of Palatie Against another heathen in Turkey,
And ever more he had a sovereign prize,3
always
His modest demeanor
And though that he was worthy he was wi, valiant / nsible
And of his port as meek as is a maid. deportment 70
Ne never yet no villainy he said
rudeness
北京二套房政策CANTERBURY TALES
4 1 70-71: Notice quadruple negative: "ne, never, no ... no" ud for emphasis, perhaps deliberately excessive
emphasis. It is not bad grammar. The four negatives remain in Ellesmer's slightlly different version: "He never yet no villainy ne said ... unto no manner wight"
2 74: "He (the Knight) was not fashionably dresd." hor was : most MSS read hors weere(n) = "
hors
were." I have preferred the reading of MS Lansdowne.申请入党书怎么写
新年祝福卡片3 75-78: The poor state of the knight's clothes is generally interpreted to indicate his pious anxiety to fulfill a
religious duty even before he has had a chance to change his clothes. Jones thinks it simply confirms that the knight was a mercenary who had pawned his armor. voyage : MSS have viage . Blesd viage was the term often ud for the holy war of the crusades.
479-80: A squire learned his future duties as a knight by attending on one. Bachelor is another word meaning
a young man in training to be a knight.
5 87: "And distinguished himlf, considering the short time he had been at it."
In all his life unto no manner wight.1 no kind of person He was a very perfect gentle knight. But for to tellen you of his array:
His hor was good; but he was not gay.2 well dresd
75Of fustian he wear •d a gipoun coar cloth / tunic All besmotered with his habergeon, stained / mail For he was late y-come from his voyáge, just come / journey
And went • for to do his pilgrimáge.3
The Knight's 20-year-old son is a striking contrast to his father. True, he has en some military action, but it was to impress his lady not his Lord God. Unlike his parent, he is fashionably dresd.He is very much in love, he has cultivated all the social graces, and is also aware of his duty to rve as his father's squire
With him there was his son, a young • SQUIRE, 80
A lover and a lusty bachelor 4
With locks curled as they were laid in press.as if in curlers Of twenty years he was of age, I guess. Of his statúre he was of even length,
moderate height
超兽武装经典语录And wonderly deliver and of great strength, very athletic 85
And he had been sometime in chivachy on campaign In Flanders, in Artois and Picardy,
And borne him well as in so little space 5 conducted / time
In hope to standen in his lady's grace. good graces
Embroidered was he as it were a mead meadow
90
All full of fresh • flowers white and red.
亲子互动游戏
