高中英语七选五解题技巧(带答案)
(名师精选试题,建议下载练习)
“七选五怎么选?“这是大部分学生们心中的疑问。选项似乎都是干扰项,逻辑理不清,不能精准定位,这些问题让大家对“七选五”望而却步。注意“所有难题都是纸老虎”,只要把握技巧,善用技巧,定能大获全胜。
今天就以2018高考全国Ⅰ卷的真题为例,带大家三招搞定这只纸老虎。
1. 把握主旨
七选五题型材料主要以说明文为主。主旨是原文给我们的最大线索,有助于我们更准确地选择,因此在做题之前,我们首先要掌握的是:文章的主旨内容。根据说明文的写作特点,文章的主旨定位在文章标题、首段首尾句或者尾段首尾句。例如这篇真题的首段首句“Color is fundamental in home design-something you’ll always have in every room.”,显然,这篇文章是讲述室内装潢过程中颜色的选择。如此一来,我们便可知接下来的文章是有关颜色选择方法的。
2.找线索
这招是最关键的,也是考试中题目占比比较重的一部分。主要可以分为以下三小类。
① 词语复现
词语复现是七选五题型常考察的解题点。它指的是正确的选项和空格前后的句子中,有相关或重复的词语。这些词语包括原词,同义词,以及反义词。例如Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day? _______, color is the key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel.
A. While all of them are uful
水果店利润有多少 B. Whatever you’re looking for
C. If you’re experimenting with a color
D. 关于母爱的电影Small color choice are the ones we’re most familiar with
E. It’s not really a good idea to u many small color pieces
F. So it pays to be sure, becau you want to get it right the first time
G. Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways
根据空格前一个句子中的词组be looking for, 我们可以观察到B选项中出现了同样的词组,可以迅速将答案锁定B选项,问题也就解决了。但要注意的是,词语复现法并非绝对正确的,需代入文章中进行检验,一定要和上下文的内容紧密相连。
② 代词指代
当空格前后的句子中有代词出现,就意味着前文中有代词所指的人或事物。根据这一点圈定选项或排除选项,是解答七选五题型时的万能法宝。我们一起来看这道真题_______, they can get a little complex.
A. While all of them are uful
B. Whatever you’re looking for
C. If you’re experimenting with a color
D. Small color choice are the ones we’re most familiar with
E. It’s not really a good idea to u many small color pieces
F. So it pays to be sure, becau you want to get it right the first time
G. Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways
由后面句子中they可以知道,空格这部分是与一个复数名词相关的,这样就可选的选项就只有ADEG。根据两个完整的句子不可以直接以逗号连接,而后面的句子是一个不缺成分的完整句子,则正确答案只能选以while引导的从句。故选A。
③ 细节推断
在做七选五题目时,文章内细节也是判断的重要依据。所谓的“细节”包括空格前后句中的重要语法细节,比如比较级、关键的代词、数词、定冠词特指等,这些都是我们判断的依据。
例如 _______. They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones, and they have a m
ore powerful effect on the feeling of a space.
A.While all of them are uful
B.Whatever you’re looking for
C.If you’re experimenting with a color
D.Small color choices are the ones we’re most familiar with
E.It’s not really a good idea to u many small color pieces
F.So it pays to be sure, becau you want to get it right the first time
G.Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways
从空格后一句中出现的bigger, than, smaller, more等词,我们可以推断出一个细节,即这部分存在着比较关系。再读句子我们可以发现这里是将they和smaller ones做比较,同时可以明显地观察到,比较是从两个具体的方面出发的。由此我们推理,空格处会出现比较的
两个主体(对应的是Color choices in this range以及the small ones),且可能出现数字二(对应的是in two major ways)。所以这里选G。
3. 结构分析
土地管理法实施条例空格位于段首、段尾时,要考虑文章的总体结构,分析空格句在文中起到的作用。
空格句在段首:句子为主题句或过渡句。
①主题句:根据后文内容,推断本段主要描述内容。
例如_______. They’re the little spots of color like throw pillows, mirrors and baskets that most of us u to add visual interest to our rooms.
1.While all of them are uful
2.Whatever you’re looking for
草莓保存3.If you’re experimenting with a color
4.Small color choice are the ones we’re most familiar withppt结束
5.It’s not really a good idea to u many small color pieces
6.So it pays to be sure, becau you want to get it right the first time
空格部分是本段的统领句。由下文可知,本段描述的小物件颜色的选择,我们观察选项即可以圈定D为正确答案。令瓦
②过渡句:空格句子在句首常起到承上启下的作用。这时就要从上段的尾句中找线索,让两段自然衔接。
空格句在段尾:句子多为总结、概括性句子,过渡句。
总结、概括性句子:先观察选项中是否有表总结的词、词组,如so, hence, therefore,
in conclusion, in a word,等;
过渡句:引出下一段的内容。当前一段没有充分线索时,这时就要从下一段的开头寻找提示作为选择依据,让两段紧密,自然衔接。
首段末句:空格句在第一段末尾出现,很有可能是全文的主题句。此时要把握全文主题来分析作答。
例:
Whether you’re looking at wallpaper or paint, the time, effort and relative expen put into it are significant.________.
1.洛宾王While all of them are uful
2.Whatever you’re looking for
3.If you’re experimenting with a color
4.Small color choice are the ones we’re most familiar with
5.It’s not really a good idea to u many small color pieces
6.So it pays to be sure, becau you want to get it right the first time
根据空格所处位置及上文内容,可知本句是对本段的总结。因而在选项中找表示总结的词语,即F选项中出现的so,因此选F。
逻辑连接词也是分析文章结构和行文逻辑的一个重要依据,这有一些逻辑连接词大家必须掌握。
∙背景图带字表递进:moreover, in addition,additionally, moreover, what is more,furthermore, also, then, besides, etc.
∙表转折:but,however, nevertheless, on the other hand, on the contrary, by contrast, while,whereas, etc.
∙表结尾:therefore, as a result, then, conquently, accordingly, thus, etc.
∙表原因:for this reason, due to, thanks to, becau, becau of, as, since, owing to, conquently, accordingly, etc.