考研英语冲刺：2005年考研英语阅读真题和答案
2005年考研英语阅读真题和答案
Text 1
Everybody loves a fat pay ri. Yet pleasure at your own can vanish if you learn that a colleague has been given a bigger one. Indeed, if he has a reputation for slacking, you might even be outraged. Such behaviour is regarded as 'all too human', with the underlying assumption that other animals would not be capable of this finely developed n of grievance. But a study by Sarah Brosnan and Frans de Waal of Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, which has just been published in Nature, suggests that it is all too monkey, as well. 卖白菜
The rearchers studied the behaviour of female brown capuchin monkeys. They look cute. They are good-natured, co-operative creatures, and they share their food readily. Above all, like their female human counterparts, they tend to pay much clor attention to the value of "goods and rvices" than males.
Such characteristics make them perfect candidates for Dr. Brosnan's and Dr. de Waal's study. The rearchers spent two years teaching their monkeys to exchange tokens for food. Normally, the monkeys were happy enough to exchange pieces of rock for slices of cucumber. However, when two monkeys were placed in parate but adjoining chambers, so that each could obrve what the other was getting in return for its rock, their behaviour became markedly different. 水瓶女性格
In the world of capuchins, grapes are luxury goods (and much preferable to cucumbers). So when one monkey was handed a grape in exchange for her token, the cond was reluctant to hand hers over for a mere piece of cucumber. And if one received a grape without having to provide her token in exchange at all, the other either tosd her own token at the rearcher or out of the chamber, or refud to accept the slice of cucumber. Indeed, the mere prence of a grape in the other chamber (without an actual monkey to eat it) was enough to induce rentment in a female capuchin.
The rearchers suggest that capuchin monkeys, like humans, are guided by social em
otions. In the wild, they are a co-operative, group-living species. Such co-operation is likely to be stable only when each animal feels it is not being cheated. Feelings of righteous indignation, it ems, are not the prerve of people alone. Refusing a lesr reward completely makes the feelings abundantly clear to other members of the group. However, whether such a n of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans, or whether it stems from the common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question.
1. In the opening paragraph, the author introduces his topic by
[A] posing a contrast.
[B] justifying an assumption.
[C] making a comparison.
[D] explaining a phenomenon.
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2. The statement "it is all too monkey" (Last line, Paragraph 1) implies that
[A] monkeys are also outraged by slack rivals.
[B] renting unfairness is also monkeys' nature.
文言文请假条 [C] monkeys, like humans, tend to be jealous of each other.
[D] no animals other than monkeys can develop such emotions.
枣泥糕的做法 3. Female capuchin monkeys were chon for the rearch most probably becau they are
[A] more inclined to weigh what they get.
[B] attentive to rearchers' instructions.
摄像机三脚架 [C] nice in both appearance and temperament.
[D] more generous than their male companions.
4. Dr. Brosnan and Dr. de Waal have eventually found in their study that the monkeys
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[A] prefer grapes to cucumbers.
[B] can be taught to exchange things.
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[C] will not be co-operative if feeling cheated.
[D] are unhappy when parated from others.
