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2023年2月3日发(作者:雷锋什么时候去世的)

英语语法分析:动词不定式全接触

动词不定式是英语学习中非常活跃的部分,也是英语考试中常考的知

识点。它分为带to和不带to两种形式,其作用相当于名词、形容词

或副词,通常在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和宾语补足语。

这样看来,动词不定式的能量可真不小,让我们全面接触一下它吧!

一、作宾语的不定式

1.不定式的一般式作宾语,一般表示未来的动作。不定式常在下

列动词后面作宾语,即:

afford,agree,attempt,connt,decide,desire,expect,endure,fear,fail,intend,

manage,mean,plan,prefer,pretend,promi,propo,

refu,regret,remember,ek,want等。例如:

1)npreferredtobegivenheavierworktodo.

2)There'samanatthereceptiondeskwhoemsveryangryandI

thinkhemeanstomaketrouble.

2.不定式作宾语时,也可以用先行词it作形式宾语,而作真正宾

语的不定式短语后置。可接形式宾语的常见动词有:

consider,feel,find,judge,suppo,think等。例如:

1)Ifounditimpossibletogettotheclassroomintime.

2)Heconsidereditagreathonortobehereattheparty.

3.不定式前加一个连接代(副)词构成特殊的不定式短语,常在某

些动词后面作宾语。常见的可以接这种不定式短语的动词有:

advi,consider,findout,forget,imagine,

know,learn,remember,e,tell,think,under-stand,wonder等。例如:

Everyonehadanapplicationforminhishand,butnooneknewto

whichofficeroomtondit.(1993.12)

二、作定语的不定式

1.不定式要放在所修饰的名词或代词后面,作后置定语,常见的

后接不定式作定语的名词有:agreement,attempt,decision,plan,

pressure,promi,project,intention,need,opportunity,time等等。例如:

1)ThepressuretocompetecausAmericanstobeenergetic,butit

alsoputsthemunderaconstantemotionalstrain.

2)Ifthebuildingprojecttobecompletedbytheendofthismonthis

delayed,theconstructioncompanywillbefined.

2.不定式作定语与被修饰的名词或代词之间在逻辑上有主谓关

系、动宾关系、同位关系等。(值得注意的是在不定式与其所修饰的

名词有动宾关系时,根据需要在不定式后加适当的介词。)例如:

1)ThenextplanetoarriveisfromShanghai.(主谓关系)

2)Thebeautifulgirlcouldn'tresistthetemptationtobuythegold

neck-lace.(同位关系)

3)I'mlookingformydormitorytolivein.(动宾关系)

三、作状语的不定式

1.不定式可用来作状语,修饰动词,表示行为的目的、结果或原

因。例如:

1)Tobecomeateacherinauniversity,itisnecessarytohaveatleast

amaster'sdegree.(目的)

2)Hehurriedtotherailwaystation,onlytofindthatthetrainhad

left.(结果)

3)Wejumpedwithjoytohearthegoodnews.(原因)

2.不定式也可用在作表语的形容词(或过去分词)后面作状语,说

明产生这种情况的原因或在哪方面存在谓语所表示的情况。例如:

JimissorrytohavebeensoimpolitetoyourguestlastSaturday.

四、作宾补的不定式

不定式常跟在下列动词之后作宾语补足语,常见的有:advi,

allow,ask,cau,command,direct,enable,encourage,expect,have,hear,

invite,make,order,permit,press,remind,tell,urge,warm等(有些动词

后的不定式符号to可以省略)。例如:

1)Ihaveheardbothteachersandstudentsspeakwellofhim.

2)Withthedevelopmentinscienceandtechnologymancanmake

variousflowersbloombeforetheirtime.

五、不定式几种形式的说明

1.不定式的一般式,通常表示未来的动作。

2.不定式的完成式表示不定式的动作在谓语所表示的动作(状态)

之前完成。

3.不定式的进行式表示谓语动词的动作发生时,不定式所表示的

动作正在进行或同时发生。

4.不定式的被动式表示不定式与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系。

动词不定式攻关练习:

d_______sincehehadbeenchairmanforvenyears.

A)nottohavebeenreelected

B)tobenotre-elected

C)nottobere-elected

D)tohavenotbeenre-elected

ssuppod_______forItalylastweek.

A)tohaveleftB)tobeleaving

C)toleaveD)tohavebeenleft

ens_______here,butnotanymore.

A)wereudtoliving

B)hadlived

C)udtolive

D)hadbeenliving

tunusualforworkersinthatregion_______.

A)tobepaidmorethanamonthlate

B)tobepaidlaterthanmoreamonth

C)topaylaterthanamonthmore

D)topaylatemorethanamonth

nis,whois78,hasmadeitknownthatmuchofhis

collection_______tothenation.

A)hasleftB)istoleave

C)leavesD)istobeleft

6.I'dratherreadthanwatchtelevision;theprogramsem_______

allthetime.

A)gotwor

B)tobegettingwor

C)havegotwor

D)gettingwor

kisreportedinthelocalnewspaper_______inbroad

daylightyesterday.

A)beingrobbed

B)havingbeenrobbed

C)tohavebeenrobbed

D)robbing

eddingsarealmostcertainto_______inthiswayfor

generations.

A)havecelebrating

B)becelebrated

C)havecelebrated

D)havebeencelebrated

lianfootballteamplayedsosuccessfully_______the

Brazilians.

A)asnottodefeat

B)astodefeat

C)inordernottodefeat

D)forthepurpodefeat

'tcoldenoughforthere_______afrosttonight,soIcan

leaveJim'scaroutquitesafely.

A)wouldbeB)being

C)wasD)tobe

Key:1-5C)A)C)A)D)6-10B)C)D)B)D)

(文/天津武警医学院崔学军;英语通大学英语六级考试版2003

年第11期;版权归英语辅导报社所有,独家网络合作伙伴新浪教育,

未经许可,不得以任何形式进行转载。)

动词不定式全接触

动词不定式是英语学习中非常活跃的部分,也是英语考试中常考

的知识点。它分为带to和不带to两种形式,其作用相当于名词、形

容词或副词,通常在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和宾语补

足语。这样看来,动词不定式的能量可真不小,让我们全面接触一下

它吧!

一、作宾语的不定式

1.不定式的一般式作宾语,一般表示未来的动作。不定式常在下

列动词后面作宾语,即:afford,agree,attempt,connt,decide,desire,

expect,endure,fear,fail,intend,manage,mean,plan,prefer,pretend,

promi,propo,refu,regret,remember,ek,want等。例如:

1)npreferredtobegivenheavierworktodo.

2)There'samanatthereceptiondeskwhoemsveryangryandI

thinkhemeanstomaketrouble.

2.不定式作宾语时,也可以用先行词it作形式宾语,而作真正宾

语的不定式短语后置。可接形式宾语的常见动词有:

consider,feel,find,judge,suppo,think等。例如:

1)Ifounditimpossibletogettotheclassroomintime.

2)Heconsidereditagreathonortobehereattheparty.

3.不定式前加一个连接代(副)词构成特殊的不定式短语,常在某

些动词后面作宾语。常见的可以接这种不定式短语的动词有:advi,

consider,findout,forget,imagine,know,learn,remember,e,tell,think,

under-stand,wonder等。例如:

Everyonehadanapplicationforminhishand,butnooneknewto

whichofficeroomtondit.(1993.12)

二、作定语的不定式

1.不定式要放在所修饰的名词或代词后面,作后置定语,常见的

后接不定式作定语的名词有:agreement,attempt,decision,plan,

pressure,promi,project,intention,need,opportunity,time等等。例如:

1)ThepressuretocompetecausAmericanstobeenergetic,butit

alsoputsthemunderaconstantemotionalstrain.

2)Ifthebuildingprojecttobecompletedbytheendofthismonthis

delayed,theconstructioncompanywillbefined.

2.不定式作定语与被修饰的名词或代词之间在逻辑上有主谓关

系、动宾关系、同位关系等。(值得注意的是在不定式与其所修饰的

名词有动宾关系时,根据需要在不定式后加适当的介词。)例如:

1)ThenextplanetoarriveisfromShanghai.(主谓关系)

2)Thebeautifulgirlcouldn'tresistthetemptationtobuythegold

neck-lace.(同位关系)

3)I'mlookingformydormitorytolivein.(动宾关系)

三、作状语的不定式

1.不定式可用来作状语,修饰动词,表示行为的目的、结果或原

因。例如:

1)Tobecomeateacherinauniversity,itisnecessarytohaveatleast

amaster'sdegree.(目的)

2)Hehurriedtotherailwaystation,onlytofindthatthetrainhad

left.(结果)

3)Wejumpedwithjoytohearthegoodnews.(原因)

2.不定式也可用在作表语的形容词(或过去分词)后面作状语,说

明产生这种情况的原因或在哪方面存在谓语所表示的情况。例如:

JimissorrytohavebeensoimpolitetoyourguestlastSaturday.

四、作宾补的不定式

不定式常跟在下列动词之后作宾语补足语,常见的有:advi,

allow,ask,cau,command,direct,enable,encourage,expect,have,hear,

invite,make,order,permit,press,remind,tell,urge,warm等(有些动词

后的不定式符号to可以省略)。例如:

1)Ihaveheardbothteachersandstudentsspeakwellofhim.

2)Withthedevelopmentinscienceandtechnologymancanmake

variousflowersbloombeforetheirtime.

五、不定式几种形式的说明

1.不定式的一般式,通常表示未来的动作。

2.不定式的完成式表示不定式的动作在谓语所表示的动作(状态)

之前完成。

3.不定式的进行式表示谓语动词的动作发生时,不定式所表示的

动作正在进行或同时发生。

4.不定式的被动式表示不定式与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系。

动词不定式攻关练习:

d_______sincehehadbeenchairmanforvenyears.

A)nottohavebeenreelected

B)tobenotre-elected

C)nottobere-elected

D)tohavenotbeenre-elected

ssuppod_______forItalylastweek.

A)tohaveleftB)tobeleaving

C)toleaveD)tohavebeenleft

ens_______here,butnotanymore.

A)wereudtoliving

B)hadlived

C)udtolive

D)hadbeenliving

tunusualforworkersinthatregion_______.

A)tobepaidmorethanamonthlate

B)tobepaidlaterthanmoreamonth

C)topaylaterthanamonthmore

D)topaylatemorethanamonth

nis,whois78,hasmadeitknownthatmuchofhis

collection_______tothenation.

A)hasleftB)istoleave

C)leavesD)istobeleft

6.I'dratherreadthanwatchtelevision;theprogramsem_______

allthetime.

A)gotwor

B)tobegettingwor

C)havegotwor

D)gettingwor

kisreportedinthelocalnewspaper_______inbroad

daylightyesterday.

A)beingrobbed

B)havingbeenrobbed

C)tohavebeenrobbed

D)robbing

eddingsarealmostcertainto_______inthiswayfor

generations.

A)havecelebrating

B)becelebrated

C)havecelebrated

D)havebeencelebrated

lianfootballteamplayedsosuccessfully_______the

Brazilians.

A)asnottodefeat

B)astodefeat

C)inordernottodefeat

D)forthepurpodefeat

'tcoldenoughforthere_______afrosttonight,soIcan

leaveJim'scaroutquitesafely.

A)wouldbeB)being

C)wasD)tobe

Key:1-5C)A)C)A)D)6-10B)C)D)B)D)

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