美国文学期末复习
美国文学期末复习要点
What are the historical divisions of British literature?
1.Anglo-Saxon Period (449-1066)
2. Middle English Period (1066-1485)
3. English Renaissance (1485-1603)
4. The 17th century(1603-1660)
5.The Period of 18th century (Neo-Classicism) (1660-1789)
6.The Romantic Period (1798-1832)
7.The Victorian Period (1832-1901)
8.The Twentieth Century
The periods of American literature
1. Literature before the civil war
1). The colonial period (约1607 - 1765)
2)The literature of Reason and Revolution:
(The period of enlightenment )Benjamin Franklin
3)The romantic period (1800 - 1865)
a. The early romanticism: Washington IrvingJames Fenimore Cooper
b. “New England Transcendentalism”or “American Renaissance (1836 - 1855)”Emerson ThoreauWhitman DickinsonHawthorneMelvilleAllan Poe
c. “New England Poets”: LowellBryantLongfellow
2. The realistic period (1865 - 1914)
Midwestern RealismWilliam Dean HowellsCosmopolitan NovelistHenry James
Local ColorismNaturalismStephen CraneJack LondonTheodore Dreir
Mark Twain
3. Between the two wars(1914 - 1945)
Modern poetry: experiments in form (Imagism)
Ezra PoundT.S.EliotWallace StevensRobert FrostCarlos Williams
Pro Writing: modern realism (the Lost Generation)
F.Scott FitzgeraldErnest HemingwayWilliam FaulknerNovels of Social Awareness Sinclair LewisDos PassosJohn SteinbeckRichard Wright
4)The 20th Century American Drama
Eugene O’Neil
4.The Contemporary Literature (1945 -)
1)African American literature
2) Chine American literature
3) Drama: Arthur Miller
4) Black humor
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Toni Morrison
Joph Heller
Maxine Hong Kingston
Alice Walker
A list for further reading:
Washington Irving The Sketch Book
Nathaniel Hawthorne The Scarlet Letter
Melville Moby Dick
Harriet Beecher Stowe:Uncle Tom’s Cabin
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Henry James:The Portrait of A Lady
Mark Twain:The Adventures of Tom Sawyer The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn
Theodore Dreir:Sister Carrie
American tragedy:
Jack London Martin EdenThe Call of the Wild,
Willa Cather My Antonia Kate Chopin The Awakening
Stephen Crane The Red Badge of Courage理财思维
Ralph Ellison Invisible Man
William Faulkner Go Down, Mos, The Sound and the Fury
F. Scott Fitzgerald The Great Gatsby
Alex Haley Roots
Joph Heller Catch-22
Ernest Hemingway The Sun Also Ris, The Old Man and the Sea
Maxine Hong Kingston Woman Warrior
Margaret Mitchell Gone with the Wind
Toni Morrison The Bluest Eye, Beloved
Vladimir Nabokov Lolita
J. D. Salinger The Catcher in the Rye
John Steinbeck The Grapes of Wrath
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Alice Walker The Color Purple
Richard Wright Native Son
Writers and writings:
John Smith约翰·史密斯：美国文学史上第一个作家碰操
脾胃虚弱的症状和调理Benjamin Franklin本杰明·富兰克林：Poor Richard’s Almanac穷查理历书
The Autobiography自传
(记录作者从穷到成功的经历，“美国梦”反映，体现启蒙倡导的理性主义和有序、教育的观点)
Thomas Paine 托马斯·潘恩:
Common Sen常识
American Crisis 美国危机
日皮小说Washington Irving
A History of New York 纽约外史
The Sketch Book 见闻札记（Rip Van Winkle, The Legend of Sleepy Hollow）
James Cooper 库珀:（“美国小说之父”）
Leatherstocking tales皮袜子故事集
The Deerslayer《猎鹿者》
The Last of the Mohicans《最后的莫西干人》
The Pathfinder《探路者》
The Pioneers《拓荒者》
The Prairie《草原》
Ralph Waldo Emerson:
the spokesman of New England Transcendentalism（超验主义）movement "The American Scholar"论美国学者,"Self - Reliance"论自助,"The Over-Soul" Henry David Thoreau梭罗: "Walden"瓦尔登湖
Nathaniel Hawthorne: (四部长篇)
The Scarlet Letter (1850)红字
A “adultery", "able" and "angel".
The Hou of the Seven Gables (1851)带有七个尖角阁的房子
The Blithedale Romance (1852) 福谷传奇
The Marble Faun (1860) 玉石雕像
Nathaniel Hawthorne:
(短篇小说集)
Twice-Told Tales (1837, 1851)重讲一遍的故事>
Moss from an Old Man (1846, 1854) 古屋青苔
“Rappaccini’s Daughter”医生的女儿
“The Birth-mark”胎记
“Young Goodman Brown”年轻的布朗
“The Minister’s Black Veil”教长的黑纱
Edgar Allan Poe:
Stories:
“Tales of the Grotesque and Arabesque”怪诞故事集
“The Purloined Letter”失窃的信
“The Fall of the Hou of Usher”厄舍屋的倒塌
Poems:
“Annabel Lee”
“To Helen”
“Sonnet—To Science”
“The Raven”
Herman Melville:
Moby-Dick白鲸
Walt Whitman:
Leaves of Grass草叶集
“Song of mylf”
“O Captain! My Captain!”
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Emily Dickinson:
自然、爱情，死亡/永生三大类
The Literature of Realism &Mark Twain
I.Introduction to realism
grounded in the faithful reporting of all facets of everyday American life "Realism is nothing more and nothing less than the truthful treatment of material" --William Dean Howells
