GRE阅读真题精讲之OGPassage14-16
对于GRE阅读部分来说，大家可以先从官方指南开始备考。这样对大家之后的复习方向有更好的帮助。下面小编就为经典整理了OG内容，供大家参考训练。
GRE阅读真题之OG Passage 14
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Passage 14
什么态度Whether the languages of the ancient American peoples were ud for expressing abstract universal concepts can be clearly answered in the ca of Nahuatl. Nahuatl, like Greek and German, is a language that allows the formation of extensive compounds. By the combination of radicals or mantic elements, single compound words can express complex conceptual relations, often of an abstract universal character.
The tlamatinime (tho who know) were able to u this rich stock of abstract terms to expr
ess the nuances of their thought. They also availed themlves of other forms of expression with metaphorical meaning, some probably original, some derived from Toltec coinages. Of the forms, the most characteristic in Nahuatl is the juxtaposition of two words that, becau they are synonyms, associated terms, or even contraries, complement each other to evoke one single idea. Ud metaphorically, the juxtapod terms connote specific or esntial traits of the being they refer to, introducing a mode of poetry as an almost habitual form of expression.
For the following question, consider each of the choices parately and lect all that apply.
1. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage regarding prent-day rearch relating to Nahuatl?
心绪的意思A. Some record or evidence of the thought of the tlamatinime is available.
B. For at least some Nahuatl expressions, rearchers are able to trace their derivation from another ancient American language.
C. Rearchers believe that in Nahuatl, abstract universal concepts are always expresd metaphorically.
2. Select the ntence in the passage in which the author introduces a specific Nahuatl mode of expression that is not identified as being shared with certain European languages.
历史系3. In the context in which it appears, “coinages” (line 9) most nearly means
A. adaptations
B. creationsufo简笔画
C. idiosyncrasies
海迷失
D. pronunciations
E. currencies
GRE阅读真题之OG Passage 15
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Passage 15
At a certain period in Earth’s history, its atmosphere contained almost no oxygen, although plants were producing vast quantities of oxygen. As a way of reconciling the two facts, scientists have hypothesized that nearly all of the oxygen being produced was taken up by iron on Earth’s surface. Clearly, however, this explanation is inadequate. New studies show that the amount of iron on Earth’s surface was not sufficient to absorb anywhere near as much oxygen as was being produced. Therefore, something in addition to the iron on Earth’s surface must have absorbed much of the oxygen produced by plant life.
1. In the argument given, the two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?
A. The first is a claim made by the argument in support of a certain position; the cond is that position.
B. The first is a judgment made by the argument about a certain explanation; the cond is that explanation.
C. The first express the argument’s dismissal of an objection to the position it eks to establish; the cond is that position.
D. The first sums up the argument’s position with regard to a certain hypothesis; the cond provides grounds for that position.
E. The first is a concession by the argument that its initial formulation of the position it eks to establish requires modification; the cond prents that position in a modified form.
劳动组织GRE阅读真题之OG Passage 16
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Passage 16
Animal signals, such as the complex songs of birds, tend to be costly. A bird, by singing, may forfeit time that could otherwi be spent on other important behaviors such as foraging or resting. Singing may also adverti an individual’s location to rivals or predators and impair the ability to detect their approach. Although the types of cost may be important, discussions of the cost of singing have generally focud on energy costs. Overall the evidence is equivocal: for instance, while Eberhardt found increas in energy consumption during singing for Carolina wrens, Chappell found no effect of crowing on energy consumption in roosters.
To obtain empirical data regarding the energy costs of singing, Thomas examined the relationship between song rate and overnight changes in body mass of male nightingales. Birds store energy as subcutaneous fat deposits or “body rerves”; changes in the rerves can be reliably estimated by measuring changes in body mass. If singing has important energy costs, nightingales should lo more body mass on nights when their song rate is high. Thomas found that nightingales reached a significantly higher body mass at dusk and lost more mass overnight on nights when their
song rate was high.
The results suggest that there may be veral costs of singing at night associated with body rerves. The incread metabolic cost of posssing higher body mass contributes to the incread overnight mass loss. The strategic regulation of evening body rerves is also likely to incur additional costs, as nightingales must spend more time foraging in order to build up larger body rerves. The metabolic cost of singing itlf may also contribute to incread loss of rerves. This metabolic cost may ari from the muscular and neural activity involved in singing or from behaviors associated with singing. For example, birds may expend more of their rerves on thermoregulation if they spend the night expod to the wind on a song post than if they are in a sheltered roost site. Thomas’s data therefore show that whether or not singing per has an important metabolic cost, metabolic costs associated with singing can have an important measurable effect on a bird’s daily energy budget, at least in birds with high song rates such as nightingales.
