ENGLISH PROFICIENCY EXAM
FOR NON-ENGLISH MAJOR POSTGRADUATE STUDENTS
TIANJIN UNIVERSITY
Jan.5th,2012
PART1:Vocabulary(20%)
Directions:In this part,there are20incomplete ntences.For each ntence there are4choices marked A,B,C, and D.Choo the one that best completes the ntence.Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.
1.Mutual endeavor(共同努力)has shaped our world,and mutualism(互利共生；互惠共生),the belief that individual and
collective(个人与集体)well-being is obtainable(可获得的，可取得的)only by mutual dependence(相互依存),______ family life,relationships and society.
A.underpins基础结构
B.overstates夸大（某事）
C.underlines在…下面画线；加强，强调
D.overcomes战胜，克服
2.A man of original power can never be______within the limits of a single field of interest and activity,nor
can he ever be content to(满足于)bear the marks and u the skill of a single occupation(职业，工作).
A.located坐落的，位于的
B.liberated被解放的；无拘束的；放纵的
3.As a result of technological convergence(技术融合)and progress in digitization(数字化),the laborat
ories(实验室)of
computer technology and consumer electronics firms(消费电子企业)are______in the race for innovation and sophistication(创新与成熟).
A.arching
C.intervening发生于其间的；介于中间的;
D.absorbing
4.The degree in which a man______his work and gives it the quality of his own mind and spirit is the measure
of his success in giving his nature free and full expression.
A.demolishes摧毁；推翻
B.standardizes使合乎规格，使标准化
C.individualizes赋予个性，个别地加以考虑
D.abolishes废除，废止
5.In common with other developed economies,Britain has advocated(提倡；拥护；鼓吹；为…辩护;)the creation of a
high-skilled,high-waged(高技能，高技术)economy by______the education and skills of its workforce(全体员工;（国家或行业等）劳动力).
B.overthrowing打倒，推翻；使终止;
C.decreasing缩短，减小，减少
D.upgrading提升；使升级；提高档次
6.No one on the planet is going to escape the effects of global warming,and for billions the resulting
environmental deterioration(恶化；变坏；退化)is going to make life______more difficult.
知识型员工
7.Digital television will enable urs to access a wide range of new rvices,such as pay-per-view TV,the
downloading of video games or software,or channels______in sports or teleshopping.
A.interfering干预；调停；妨碍；干涉;
B.specializing专门从事，专攻
赠予C.participating参加，参与
8.Earthquakes are immenly destructive(极大的破坏性),mainly becau most cities in regions of high ismic(地震
的)risk are dominated(受控的)by buildings that are simply not built well enough to______the vere(严峻的；严厉的；剧烈的)ground shaking of a major quake.
千手观音植物A.sustain维持；支撑，支持
B.withstand经受，承受，禁得起
C.guarantee保证，担保；保证人
D.inspect检查，检验；视察
9.By giving students access to(入口，出口；接近)a new world of information,sparking creativity(激发创造力),and
______rich communication and collaboration(合作，协作)across vast distances,computers have long been a powerful tool for education.
A.preventing预防；阻碍
B.disrupting使混乱，扰乱大熊猫资料大全
C.facilitating促进；使便利；推进
D.manipulating控制，操纵，影响
反腐倡廉心得体会10.While more and more women are______roles as managers,a new study reveals(显示)that the women are
increasingly turning to the stereotypically(带有成见地)more'male'traits(特征),such as aggression(侵略；攻击，进攻), to get results.
A.defining规定；使明确；精确地解释
B.assuming假设；假定；呈现
D.interpreting解释；理解；演绎
11.The potential negative effects of violent video games(暴力视频游戏)on adolescent antisocial beha
vior(反社会行为),
and youth violence______,is a highly debated issue,both in academic circles(学术界)and among the general public and policy makers(公共政策制定者).
< average
< purpo故意地；特地;
C.in particular尤其，特别
D.in advance预先，事先；提前
12.A new digital watermarking system（数字水印系统）not only protects music and media files from online pirates（网
络盗版）but also ensures that the quality for______urs is as good as it gets.
A.unauthorized未经授权的，越权的；未经许可的
C.malicious恶意的，有敌意的；蓄意的；预谋的
D.legitimate合法的，合理的；正规的
13.There is relatively little______of opinion and scholarship（奖学金；学术；学识）about whether generational
differences（代际差异）exist that are worth taking into consideration in the workplace,colleges,and universities, and other contexts（背景；投资环境；设备场境）.
A.permission允许；批准
B.minority少数；少数民族；未成年
C.abnce缺席，缺勤；缺乏
14.Young people’s worlds have changed in a variety of ways,many of which have a______on the sort of
education and training that they demand.
B.bearing关系；方位；态度，举止n
C.lead榜样；领导
D.stake股份；重大利益
15.Nowadays graduates in the labor market are expected to be flexible(灵活的),to direct and steer(操纵，控制；引导)
their own work as well as that of others,to take responsibility and to mould(形成；陶冶，训练)jobs to make best u of their______in the global market economy.
B.blunders（因无知、粗心等造成）的错误
D.defects缺点；弱点
16.No generation is more at ea(安逸，自由自在；自然)with online,collaborative(合作的；协作的)technologies than
today’s young people—“digital natives”,who have grown up in a/n______computing environment.
A.immersive拟真的;
C.hostile敌人的，敌对的；怀有敌意的；不利的
D.rural乡下的，农村的；田园的；地方的
17.Whereas university rearch and development departments(发展部门)may once have been the primary arena(表
演场地，舞台；竞技场)for testing new tools and theories,the survey data(调查数据)reveal(显露；揭露；泄露)that corporations(公司；法人)now have the______in adopting new innovations(采用新的创新).
A.right正确；权利
B.edge边；优势；边缘，端；锋利，尖锐
D.licen许可证，执照；特许
18.Access to technology in school is particularly important______increasing disparities(不同；不等；不一致；悬殊)in
technology access outside of school.
A.in tune with与……协调，与……一致
B.in line with跟…一致，符合；本着
C.in need of需要
D.in light of按照，根据
19.Taking an international overview on anything,in this ca the out-of-school education of the gifted and
talented,offers______which can sometimes cut right across anyone’s cultural assumptions.
A.perspectives透视；透视图；观点；全景
B.procutions起诉；原告；实施；从事
C.obligations债务；义务；债券；合约
D.objections反对；异议；厌恶；反对的理由
20.Obesity(肥胖，过胖；肥胖症)is a national health crisis(危机；危难时刻)and if current trends continue,it will soon
______smoking in the U.S.as the biggest single factor in early death,reduced quality of life and added health care costs.
A.distinguish辨别；辨别出，识别；有别于；使杰出
C.imitate模仿，效仿；仿造，伪造
D.surpass超过；优于；胜过
PART2:Cloze(15%)
Directions:In this part of the test,you’ll read an incomplete passage with15blanks.Read the passage carefully, and choo the best answer from choices marked A,B,C and D.Then on your ANSWER SHEET,find the number of the question and mark your answer with a single line through the center.
One of the greatest asts a manager can have is a happy and satisfied team of employees.However,building such a team is a__21__.Unless you’re in nior management,you may be limited__22__the amount of compensation or the promotion opportunities you can provide to your employees.Fortunately,the aren’t the only factors that influence employee job satisfaction,or__23__the most important.
Providing tangible proof to your employees that their efforts are recognized,while often__24__as condary to other factors,is still very important.Reasonable employees will understand that wage in
creas do have their limits,__25__they expect to be adequately compensated.However,other types of incentives,such as bonus or prizes for the__26__achievers in key performance categories,can be just as effective.
It is crucial that both increas and other monetary incentives be performance__27__.Employees should always receive greater rewards and more recognition when they are giving a higher quality of work.__28__being fair,of cour,it also nds the message that the organization values and recognizes tho who__29__their jobs instead of just doing the bare minimum.
The culture and the work environment factor highly into employee job satisfaction.Employees who enjoy being around their coworkers and respect their management team are more__30__to stay in a job when they agree with the company’s goals and values.
Another major__31__to job satisfaction is how the employee feels about their role and responsibilities. Studies show__32__tho surveyed about their level of job satisfaction have cited factors such as the desire for__ 33__in their work,having a variety of tasks to__34__,being properly trained and equipped to do their jobs,and having work that is challenging and requires thought and creativity.Employees looking to__35__a company will have an interest in their personal development and opportunities for advancement as well.
Above all,employees want to feel that both they and their work are valued and appreciated by the company.
21. A.blessing B.handicap障碍；缺陷；不利条件
C.challenge
D.failure
22 A.in favor of赞成[支持]（某人或某事物）；以…取代 B.in terms of根据；用…的话；就…而言
< behalf of为了…的利益；代表…
二月份星座< top of在…上边；在…上方；除…之外
23. A.necessarily B.viciously邪恶地，敌意地
C.accurately正确无误地，准确地；精确地
24. A.to rank B.being ranked
25.C.ranked
A.therefore因此；所以；故
D.ranks
西兰花种植B.unless除非，如果不
D.but但是；而是；除了；只因为
26. A.top B.bottom
C.low
D.peak最高的；最大值的
27. A.driving驱使；驱赶 B.driven奋发努力的；发愤图强的
unting计算
A.In addition to除…之外
C.With regard to关于；就；说起
B.Regardless of不管，不顾
D.For the sake of为了
29. A.specialize in专攻，精通，以…为专业 B.excel at（在某一活动方面）表现杰出，擅长于
C.draw on利用；凭借
D.ward off避开，挡住；架
30. A.subject B.likely
D.loyal
31. A.advantage B.obstacle障碍（物）；障碍物
32. A.that B.how
C.when
D.whether
33 A.authorship作者身份; B.automation自动化
C.autonomy自主权；自治，自治权
D.authority管理局
34. A.adopt采用，采取，采纳；收养 B.undergo经历，经验；遭受
C.perform执行；履行；表演
D.supply供给；补充；弥补
35. A.depart from离开…；背离，违背
C.interfere in干涉，干预；插手干预B.confine to限于…之内;
D.stay with在…家里作客，继续为…工作
Part3:Reading Comprehension(40%)
Directions:In this part of the test,there are4passages.After each passage there are5questions or unfinished statements followed by4choices marked A,B,C and D.Choo the one that can best answer the question or complete the statement,and then on your ANSWER SHEET,find the number of the question and mark your answer with a single line through the center.
Passage1
It ems only natural that happiness should flow from having more money.Even if they don’t admit it,people still behave as though it were true.More money means you can have what you want and do what you want.The hou you dream of?It’s yours.The new car you desire?Here are the keys.The fr
eedom to enjoy your favorite pastimes?Here’s your racket,the court is down there,just past the pool.
So the puzzle is this:why do social scientists consistently find only moderate relationships between having more money and being happy?Some have even suggested that this moderate connection might be exaggerated.In
reality money might have very little to do with happiness at all.Most puzzling,though,is that people often em aware at some level that money won’t make them happy.And yet they continue to work away earning money they don’t objectively need.
First,though,let's look at the three reasons money doesn’t make us happy:
It’s relative income that’s important.As I’ve noted previously,money is relative.It turns out we don’t mind so much about our actual level of income,so long as we’re earning more than other people around us.Unfortunately as we earn more money we’re likely to be surrounded by richer people so we often end up failing to take advantage of the positive comparison.
Material goods don’t make us happy.Acquiring things like hous and cars only have a transient effect on happiness.People’s desires for material posssions crank up at the same,or greater rate,t
han their salaries.Again, this means that despite considerably more luxurious posssions,people end up no happier.There’s even evidence that materialism make us less happy.
People don’t shift to enjoyable activities when they are rich.This may be becau of‘the focusing illusion’. When people think about earning more money they probably imagine they would u the money on recreational activities.In fact,to earn the money,they have to spend more time at work,and commuting to and from work.
The three reasons naturally rai the question of why psychological findings are so out of step with people’s everyday experience.Surely if money doesn’t lead to happiness,most people would have worked that out by now. So why do people still cha the mighty dollar/pound/yen like their lives depended on it?
Nobel-prize winning psychologist Daniel Kahneman and colleagues put forward the idea that the reason people continue to think money makes them happier is that chasing it leads to conventional achievements. Conventional achievements include things like getting that coveted promotion or being able to afford that big hou -in other words things that say loud and clear:hear I am and this is what I can do.
So we end up with this:money doesn't make us happy on a day-to-day basis.Acquiring money and status makes us feel satisfied with life.Through the‘focusing illusion’we convince ourlves that satisfaction equals happiness.Unfortunately it doesn’t.Even though we appear to have everything,we are left feeling that something is missing,but are unable to identify what that thing is.That thing is simply this:feeling happy.Right now.In the moment.
36.What do social scientists find about money and happiness?
A.Money is the final goal of people pursuing happiness.
B.Happiness largely depends on the amount of money.
C.More money does not necessarily make people happy.
D.Money counts most in people’s feeling of happiness.
37.According to the passage,which of the following confus the author most?
A.The scientific findings fail to explain people’s obssion with pursuing money and happiness.
B.Although happiness looly correlates with money,people still paradoxically crave for earning more.
C.Social scientists cannot reach an agreement on their findings as to the importance of money.
D.Awareness of causal relationship between money and happiness weakens people’s desire to make money.
38.According to the passage,people_____.
A.care a lot about their actual level of income我们在哪里
B.are convinced that people around them earn higher income
D.feel contented when they earn more than others
39.Material goods don’t make us happy becau_____.
