Washington Irving（ father of American literature ）
1. He is the first belletrist (pure art writer) in American literature, writing for pleasure at a time when writing was practical and for uful purpos (Franklin).
2. He is the first American literary humorist.
目前用英语怎么说3. He has written the first modern short stories.
4. He is the first to write history and biography as entertainment.
5. He introduced the 生日快乐的祝福句子nonfiction pro as a literary genre.
6. His u of the gothic looks forward to Poe.
Writing style
Gentility,urbanity,pleasantness
Enveloping stories in an atmosphere
Vivid and true character
Humor smiling while reading
Musical language
His famous writing
The Sketch Book《见闻札记》名师教学
The Legend of Sleepy Hollow 《睡谷的传说》
The analysis of The Legend of Sleepy Hollow
The story: It tells the story of Ichabod Crane, a priggish schoolmaster from Connecticut, who compete with Abraham”Brom Bones” Van Brunt, a buff and tough man, for the hand of eighteen-old Katrina Van Tasl.
Ichabod Crane: shrewd, credulous, lf-asrtive, coward, commercial.
区域填充
Theme: one of the great theme of American literature and American folklore is the clash between the city and the country, between civilization and the wilderness.
Influence:
The book touched the American imagination and foreshadowed the coming of Hawthorne, Melville, and Poe, in who hands the short story attained a degree of perfection as a literary tradition.
It also marked the beginning of American Romanticism.
Edgar Allan Poe: (内容很多自己挑着看)
Major Themes
1. Love -- usually of a mourning man for his decead beloved.
2. Pride -- physical and intellectual.
3. Beauty -- of a young woman either dying or dead.
4. Death -- a source of horror.
Paradoxes in Poe
1. His life - basically incure and highly emotional, but his writing is structured.
小兔子的故事2. Poe was a romantic writer, but he emphasized rationality.
3. He prents realistic details in gothic ttings.
4. There is a paradox in Poe's critical thinking - he believed in individual creativity but advocated classical norms - the ideal length of a poem, suggested Poe, is 100 lines.
Influence of Poe
1. Influenced writers of split personality.
2. Influenced literary criticism.
3. Influenced writers dealing with the disintegration of personality.
Poe's Four Types of Short Stories
1. Arabesque（奇特） - strange; u of the supernatural; symbolic fantasies of the huma
n condition;
2. Grotesque（古怪）– funny, heightening of one aspect of a character
3. Ratiocinative （推理）- detective fiction.
4. Descriptive（描述）
Poe's Aesthetic Theory of Effect
Evaluation
■ father of modern short story
■ father of detective story
■ father of psychoanalytic criticism
1. He is the father of psychoanalytic criticism. In deed, Poe places the subconscious condition of the mind under investigation and probes beneath the surface of normal existence. What interests him most is the deep abyss of the unconscious and subconscio
us mental activity of the people, the subterranean recess秘密的深处 of the mind at work.
2. He was the first author in American literature to make the neurotic神经病患者 the heroic figure, the protagonist, in his stories.
3. His theories for the short story and poetry are remarkable in their clarity even if they lack intellectual detachment超然 and catholicity普遍性 宽容 of taste.
4. His tale The Murders in the Rue Morgue, an ingenious独创性 detective story, became the ancestor of the genre.
5. As a short story writer, Poe was a fascinating man of imagination interested in deduction推论 and induction归纳. And half a dozen of his stories belong to（Ratiocinative推理）
6. His aesthetics and conscious craftsmanship, his attack on “the heresy of didactic” and his call for “the rhythmical creation of beauty” have influenced French symbolists and the
devotes of “art for art’s sake”.
7. Poe’s style is traditional： it is too much rational to reflect the peculiarity of his theme. He failed to carry the newness of his idea to his style, but his choice of word and his syntax made him difficult to read.
Poe’s Theories on Poetry
■ His poetry express the same deep hopelessness and rejection of the world as his pro, but in a different way. Expresd in his works
■ “The Philosophy of Composition”,《写作的哲学》
■ “The Poetic principle”《诗歌原理》
1. He avoids the intrusion of ugliness and tries to create a vision of beauty and a melodious sound. The chief aim is beauty. 低频噪音隔音方法
2. The function of poetry is not to summarize and interpret earthly experience, but to crea
te a mood in which the soul soars toward supernal beauty. The basic tone is melancholy.云浩科技登录
神经疼痛3. He stress rhythm, oppod to “the heresy of the didactic” and called for “Pure poetry”, defined true poetry as “the rhythmical creation of beauty” . The artistry of poetry lies not in what is being said but in the way it is said.
4. The creation of work of art requires the utmost concentration and unity, as well as the most scrupulous u of words.
