Why People Work王者荣耀没有声音
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Everyone needs to work but what does work mean to him? In the following essay Leonard R. Sayles explores the relationship between work and human beings' well-being.
每个人都必须劳动，可是劳动意味着什么？在下面这篇文章里，莱昂纳多·塞勒斯研究了 劳动和人类幸福之间的关系。
大耳念什么Jobs and work do much more than most of us realize to provide happiness and contentment. We're all ud to thinking that work provides the material things of life － the goods and rvices that make possible our version of modern civilization. But we are much less conscious of the extent to which work provides the more intangible, but more crucial, psychological well-being that can make the difference between a full and an empty life.
工作和劳动带来的幸福和满足感要比我们意识到的大得多。我们习惯于认为，劳动提供了生活的物质财富——它带来的商品和服务使我们的现代文明成为可能。可是，我们却很少意识到劳动带来的无形的、更关键的心理健康，它关系着我们的生活是充实还是空虚。
Why is it that most of us don't put work and human satisfaction together, except when it comes to the end product of work: automobiles and hous and good food?
为什么大多数人除了劳动转化为其最终产品：汽车、房子和珍馐美味的时候，并不能把劳动和满足感结合起来？
It's always uful to blame someone el and the Greeks of the ancient world derve some blame here. At that time work was restricted to slaves and to tho few free citizens who had not yet accumulated adequate independent resources. The "real" citizens of Greece － whom Plato and others talked about － expected to spend their time in free discussion and contemplation.
性任务责备别人总是有用的，而古老世界的希腊人负有一定责任。那时，劳动只局限于奴隶和少数没有积累到足够独立财富的自由民。柏拉图等人谈到的那些“真正”的希腊公民，只想把时间都花在自由辩论和冥想上。
The Middle Ages didn't help the reputation of work. It became more acceptable to engage
in work. In fact, it was asrted that man had a religious duty to fulfill his "calling". To fail to work was immoral － wor, work was thought of as a punishment for the sins of man.
中世纪时期劳动的声誉也没能提高，劳动开始更多地为人们接受。但事实上，当时强调的是人要履行自己“使命”的宗教义务。不劳动是不道德的——更糟糕的是，劳动被看作是对人类罪孽的惩罚。
It's not difficult to understand the tarnished reputation. Historically, work has been associated with slavery and sin, compulsion and punishment. And in our own day we are ud to hearing the traditional complaints: "I can't wait for my vacation." "I wish I could stay home today." "My boss treats me poorly." "I've got too much work to do and not enough time to do it." Against this backdrop, it may well come as a surpri to learn that not only psychologists but other behavioral scientists have come to accept the positive contribution of work to the individual's happiness and n of personal achievement. Work is more than a necessity for most human beings; it is the focus of their lives, the source of their identity and creativity. 夫妻情话
旅游胜地因此，不难理解劳动声名狼藉。历史上，劳动一直同奴役、罪孽、强制和惩罚联系在一起。在我们的时代，我们习惯于听到这些传统的抱怨：“我简直等不及要放假。”“我真想今天能呆在家里。”“老板对我很苛刻。”“我要干的活儿这么多，却没有足够的时间干这些活。”在这种环境中，如果我们了解到，不仅心理学家，其它的行为科学家也都承认劳动对个人幸福和成就感的积极贡献，也许就会很吃惊。对大多数人来说， 劳动不仅仅是一种必须，而是生命的焦点，是自我身份和创造力的源泉。
Rather than a punishment or a burden, work is the opportunity to realize one's potential. Many psychiatrists heading mental health clinics have obrved its therapeutic effect. A good many patients who languish in clinics, depresd or obsd, gain renewed lf-confidence when gainfully employed and lo some, if not all, of their most acute symptoms. Increasingly, institutions dealing with mental health problems are establishing worships wherein tho too sick to get a job in "outside" industry can work, while every effort is exerted to arrange "real" jobs for tho well enough to work outside.
劳动不是惩罚或负担，而是实现个人潜力的机会。很多主持心理健康诊疗所的精神病学家，
潺都观察过劳动的治疗效果。很多病人在医院里郁闷憔悴、心情沮丧或 被思绪困扰，当他们获得有益的工作时，就会找回自信，原来严重的症状也大都——如果不是全部的话——消失。越来越多的心理健康问题研究机构正在建立劳动场所，那些病情太重无法在“外部”产业中找到一份工作的人可以在其中工作，同时，他们也尽一切可能为那些可以在外面工作的人安排“真正的”工作。
And the rever is true, too. For large numbers of people, the abnce of work is debilitating. Retirement often brings many problems surrounding the “What do I do with mylf?” question, even though there may be no financial cares. Large numbers of people regularly get headaches and other psychosomatic illness on weekends when they don't have their jobs to go to, and must fend for themlves. It has been obrved that unemployment, quite aside from exerting financial pressures, brings enormous psychological malai and that many individuals deteriorate rapidly when jobless. 明天英语
反过来也是一样。对许多人来说，不劳动会使人虚弱衰退。即使没有经济顾虑，退休也经常带来很多问题，问题的中心是“我该干什么？”很多人一到周末就犯头疼，或其它一些与
身心相关的疾病，因为那时他们没有事可做，而不得不自己想办法消遣。我们发现，失业除了带来经济上的压力外，还带来巨大的心理不安，很多人失业后很快消沉下去。
