Translation for International Business
Brief Introduction to Business English
1. What is business English ? 2. Features of Business English?繁体九
Business English 商务英语是指以服务于商务活动内容为目标，集实用性、专业性和明确的目的性于一身，为广大从事国际商务活动的人们所认同和接受，并具备较强社会功能的一种英语变体。它包括语言知识、交际技能、专业知识、管理技能和文化意识等核心内容。
Features of Business English
Features on lexical level:词汇方面
1. 措辞倾向于专业化1）专业词汇数量可观 反倾销措施：anti-dumping measures非配额产品：quota-free products还盘：counter- offer
2) 专业词汇与准专业词汇并存kitty: 通常指“小猫”，财政金融上指“凑集的资本，共同资金” kite: 通常指“风筝”，商务上指“空头支票” marine bill of lading ：海运提单insurance policy: 保
险单 delivery order: 提货单expiry date: 到期日期amount due: 到期金额
约定俗成的表达方法，翻译时应直接套用。
⏹ meet each other half way:
⏹ 双方作同等的让步
⏹ can e many years’ rvice:
⏹ 可使用很多年
⏹ should not be regarded as a precedent
⏹ 下不为例
⏹ unless otherwi agreed: 潮汐海灵
⏹ 除非另有约定
新课标解读
⏹ C. 很多词汇是通过隐喻等修辞手法从普通用语中引申而来，词义具有半专业化特点。
⏹ We shall write and ask for their ceiling for the advertising project and then we can budget accordingly.
⏹ The syndicate tried to corner the market in silver.
⏹ The prices are relatively low, and many goods are attractive buys.
2. 用语简洁
⏹ freight forward
⏹ 运费到付
⏹ in your favor
⏹ 以你方为受益人
⏹ All sales are final.
⏹ 货物售出，概不退换。
（1） 广泛使用缩略语
⏹ L/C，FOB，CIF；
⏹ WTO，IMF；
为什么要延迟退休⏹ CEO，CFO，MNCs；
⏹ 有时常常使用一些并非约定俗成或已被广为人知的缩略语。
⏹ World Trade Organization High-level Meeting for Less Developed Countries
⏹ WTO High-level Meeting for LDCs:
⏹ HLM(在意义明确的背景下，或前面已经提到或注明的情况下)
⏹ 世界贸易组织欠发达国家高级别会议
⏹ （2）词汇前缀、后缀出现频率高，生成大量派生名词和形容词。goats
⏹ 否定前缀： dis- ,in-,il-, ir-,non-,un-;
⏹ 表错误意思的前缀：male-, mis-;
⏹ 表反动作意思的前缀：de-, dis-,un-;
⏹ 后缀： -ance, -ity, -ment, -ness, -tion;
⏹ 汉译时，要根据汉语的表达习惯调整措辞，不可生搬硬套原文词性。
3. 用语正式
⏹ 商务英语多选用典雅庄重的字眼和名词化结构来表现文体的正式。
⏹ We have pleasure in forwarding you our new catalog.
⏹ 冯晓达We are now awaiting the arrival of your L/C, upon receipt of which we shall make the necessary arrangements for the delivery.
Features on syntax: 句法
⏹ 1. 长难句多
⏹ 1）长难简单句
⏹ We would like you to nd us details of your various products, including sizes, colors and prices, and also samples of the different qualities of material ud.
⏹ 请将你们各种产品的具体情况告诉我们，包括尺码、颜色和价格，并寄来所用的不同料子的样品。
⏹ 2) 长难并列句
⏹ To be fair, we are prepared to pay for the air freight, while you should responsible for the other expens, such as shifting the goods from the dock to the airport.
⏹ 为公平起见，我们愿意支付空运费。而其他的费用，如货物从码头运往机场的费用，由你方支付。
⏹ 商务英语的长句也不乏有四五个语法层次的，这些句子往往内部错综复杂，尤其是在合同等法律文书中常会出现。
⏹ If damages of the goods are found, or the specifications and/or quantity are not in conformity with the stipulations in this Contract, except when the responsibilities lie with Insurance Company or Shipping Company, the Buyer shall, within 30 days after arrival of the goods at the port of destination, claim against the Seller, or reject the goods according to the inspection certificate issued by CCIB.
⏹ 如发现货物残损或规格、数量与合同规定不符，除保险公司或轮船公司的责任外，买方须在货物到达目的港30天内凭商检局出具的检验证书向卖方索赔或拒收货物。
2. 本着明了的原则，大量使用被动语态。
⏹ If，on the expiry of a contract, the term for patent relating to the imported technology has yet to expire, the ca shall be handled in accordance with the relevant provisions.
⏹ 合同期满时，如引进技术所涉及的专利尚未期满，应当按照有关规定办理。
3. 常使用后置定语
⏹ 常见的后置定语结构主要有介词短语、形容词和形容词短语及定语从句。
⏹ We trust you will give special care to the packing in order to avoid damage in transit.
⏹ 我们相信你们会特别注意包装，以免路上受损。
⏹ In this factory the only fuel available is coal.
⏹ 该厂唯一可用的燃料是煤。
Rhetorical features: 修辞特点
⏹ 1. 时态运用有限
⏹ 5/16
⏹ 叙述过去的，常用过去时，偶尔也用现在完成时；讨论某一计划，用将来时，叙述部分用现在时。另外也用进行时态，偶尔用过去完成时。
⏹ 2. 修辞手法简单
⏹ 商务英语很少用夸张、明喻、隐喻、借喻、拟人、对照等修辞手法（广告英语除外）。
⏹ 因为商务英语注重事实和逻辑，所以用图表、公式和数字的时候多。
⏹ 商务英语中只有“叙述、推理和结论”等过程，这就决定了商务英语“修辞单调”的特点。
References
⏹ 最快解酒方法商业周刊 / （有助于商务英语学习）
商业周刊中文版
经济学家 （有助于商务英语学习）
金融时报 (英国最受欢迎的商业报纸)
金融时报中文版：
⏹ 企业家 （美国最受欢迎的业杂志）
财富 /
哈佛商业评论
福布斯
Practice
⏹ The so-called economic globalization refers to the continuous increa in the scale and form of the transnational flow of commodities, rvices, production elements and information, 比熊犬怎么训练improving the efficiency of the allocation of resources within the scope of the world market through international division of labor, thereby increasingly deepening the trend of the degree of interdependence between various economies.
⏹ 所谓经济全球化是指商品、服务、生产要素与信息的跨国界流动的规模和形式不断增
加，通过国际分工，在世界市场范围内提高资源配置的效率，从而使各国间经济相互依赖程度日益加深的趋势。
⏹ The stock market, as a stock exchange is sometimes called, is attractive to many people and companies becau investors make money by investing in it, while companies rai capital in it.
