Designation:D3330/D3330M–04
Standard Test Method for
Peel Adhesion of Pressure-Sensitive Tape1
This standard is issued under thefixed designation D3330/D3330M;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original adoption or,in the ca of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parenthes indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon(e)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for u by agencies of the Department of Defen.
1.Scope
1.1The test methods cover the measurement of the peel adhesion of pressure-nsitive tapes.
1.1.1Test Method A gives a measure of the adherence, when peeled at180°angle,to a standard steel panel or to other surface of interest for a single-coated tape.
1.1.2Test Method B gives a measure of the adherence to the backing of a single-coated tape.
1.1.3Test Method C gives a measure of the adherence of double-coated tape to a standard steel panel or other surface of interest.
1.1.4Test Method D gives a measure of the adherence of the relea liner to the adhesive of either single-or double-coated tape.
1.1.5Test Method E gives a measure of the adherence of an adhesive transfer tape to a standard steel panel or other surface of interest.
1.1.6Test Method F gives a measure of the adherence,when peeled at90°angle,to a standard steel panel or other surface of interest for a single-coated tape.
1.2The test methods provide a means of asssing the uniformity of the adhesion of a given type of pressure-nsitive adhesive tape.The asssment may be within a roll of tape, between rolls,or between production lots.
1.3Variations in either the tape backing or the adhesive,or both,affect the respon.Therefore,the test methods cannot be ud to pinpoint the specific cau(s)of non-uniformity.
1.4The test methods may not be appropriate to test tapes having relatively stiff backings,stiff liners,or backings show-ing high stretch at low forces.The characteristics will result in a high variability for the test respon which is not a true indication of the real nature of the adhesive bond.
1.5Values stated in either SI or inch-pound units are to be regarded parately as standard.The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents,therefore,each system must be ud independently without combining values in any way.
1.6This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any,associated with its u.It is the responsibility of the ur of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to u.
2.Referenced Documents
2.1ASTM Standards:2
A666Specification for Annealed or Cold-Worked Austen-itic Stainless Steel,Sheet,Strip,Plate,and Flat Bar
D996Terminology of Packaging and Distribution Environ-ments
D3715/D3715M Practice for Quality Assurance of Pressure-Sensitive Tapes
D4332Practice for Conditioning Containers,Packages or Packaging Components for Testing
D5750Guide for Width and Lengths of Pressure-Sensitive Tape
E122Practice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate, With a Specified Tolerable Error,the Average for Charac-teristic of a Lot or Process
2.2AFERA Standard:3
4001Self adhesive tapes–Measurement of peel adhesion 2.3European Norm:4
EN1939Self adhesive tapes–Measurement of peel adhe-sion from stainless steel or from its own bac
king
2.4Pressure Sensitive Tape Council Standards:5
PSTC101Peel Adhesion of Pressure Sensitive Tape
1The test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D10on Packaging and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.14on Tape and Labels.
Current edition approved Oct.1,2004.Published October2004.Originally approved in1976.Last previous edition approved in2002as D3330/ D3330M–02e1.
2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm,or contact ASTM Customer Service at rvice@astm.For Annual Book of ASTM Standards volume information,refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3Association des Fabricants Européens de Rubans Auto Adhesifs(AFERA), LAM,Laan Copes van Cattenburch79,NL-2858EW,The Hauge,Netherlands.
4European Norm,(EN);available from ComitéEuropéen de Normalisation (CEN),Rue de Stassart,36,B-1050,Brusls,Belgium.
5Pressure Sensitive Tape Council(PSTC),400North Michigan Ave.,#2200, Chicago,IL60611–4267.
Copyright©ASTM International,100Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA19428-2959,United States.
3.Terminology
3.1Definitions—Terminology found in Terminology D996 shall apply.
4.Summary of Test Method
4.1Test Method A—Single-Coated Tapes,Peel Adhesion at 180°Angle—A strip of tape is applied to a standard test panel (or other surface of interest)with controlled pressure.The tape is peeled from the panel at180°angle at a specified rate,during which time the force required to effect peel is measured.
4.2Test Method B—Adhesion to Backing,Single-Coated Tapes—A strip of the tape under test is applied to a rigid panel.
A strip of the tape under test is applied to the backing of the first strip of tape and tested for peel adhesion as described in Test Method A.
4.3Test Method C—Double-Coated Tapes:
4.3.1Face Side Adhesion—The double-coated tape is ad-hered to a stainless steel panel(or other surface of interest), liner side up.The liner is removed and the expod adhesive covered with a strip of0.025-mm[0.001-in.]thick polyester film.The resulting tape is then tested as described in Test Method A.
4.3.2Liner Side Adhesion—The face side adhesive is ad-hered to a0.025-mm[0.001-in.]polyesterfilm.The liner is removed and the tape is applied adhesive down to a stainless steel panel(or other surface of interest).Testing is conducted as described in Test Method A.
4.4Test Method D—Adhesion to Liner—The tape is adhered to a standard steel test panel with the liner side up.The liner is peeled from the adhesive in the same manner as in peeling a single-coated tape from a standard panel as described in Test Method A.
4.5Test Method E—Adhesion of Adhesive Transfer Tapes: 4.
5.1Face Side—The tape is adhered to a standard panel(or other surface of interest).The liner is removed and a0.025-mm [0.001-in.]thick strip of polyester is adhered to form a film-backed strip of tape.The adhesion is measured as de-scribed in Test Method A.
4.5.2Linear Side—The transfer tape is applied to a strip of 0.025-mm[0.001-in.]thick polyesterfilm,the liner is removed and the resulting tape’s adhesion is measured as described in Test Method A.
4.6Test Method F—Single-Coated Tapes,90°Peel—A strip of tape is applied to a standard test panel(or other surface of interest)with controlled pressure.The tape is peeled from the panel at90°angle at a specified rate,during which time the force required to effect peel is measured.
5.Significance and U
5.1The test methods are tools for quality assurance u. Given specific pressure-nsitive tape and a requirement in terms of the minimum or maximum peel value expected for this tape,the data from the test can be ud in conjunction with acceptance criteria.
5.2Test Method A,B,C,E,or F can show the relative bond strength of a given tape to one or more surfaces(material and texture)as compared to the standard stainless steel panel. Substitution of reprentative samples of materials in question for the standard steel panel would suffice to do this.
5.3Test Methods A,B,C,E or F cannot be ud to compare two pressure-nsitive tapes of the same type but of different manufacture for their ability to adhere to a surface.This is becau the measured
peel force is not normalized for afixed area of stress.The area under stress varies with backing stiffness and adhesive rheology(firmness).Two different tapes ldom agree in the properties.
照片的英文5.4Test Method D can show the amount of force required to remove a liner that covers the adhesive side of a tape at a specified peel rate.The force will be different at other peel rates.
5.5The test methods may not provide design information as there is usually no direct relationship between peel adhesion and any functional requirement.
6.Apparatus
6.1Specimen Cutter—The specimen cutter shall hold two single-edged razor blades in parallel planes,a preci distance apart,to form a cutter of exact specimens widths.Two cutters, 12-and24-mm[0.05-and1-in.]cutting width,shall be available.Appropriate alternates which will not cau edge damage may be ud.6
N OTE1—The12-mm[0.5-in.]cutter shall consist of a12-mm[0.5-in.] thick by220-mm[8-in.]length aluminum bar stock12-mm[0.05-in.] wide.The edges for about125mm[5in.]from one end shall be slightly rounded to form a handle.The width of the bar for75mm[3in.]from the opposite end shall be n
arrowed to exactly12mm[0.5in.]minus the thickness of a single razor blade(one of two ud as cutting edges).The razor blades shall be held in position using side plates.The end of the cutter shall be cut away at45°angle to expo the cutting edge at one end of the blades.The edges shall be parated by1260.10mm[0.5in.].The 24-mm[1-in.]cutter shall follow the same description except the bar stock shall be24.0mm[1in.]and shall be narrowed exactly24mm[1in.] minus the thickness of a single razor blade.
6.2Dispensing System—For solvents,such as a wash bottle.
6.3Panel—A stainless steel panel,50by125mm[2by5 in.]no less than1.1mm[0.043in.]thickness,conforming to Type302or304of Specification A666,having a bright annealedfinish.The surface roughness height shall be50625 nm[2.061.0µin.]arithmetical average deviation from the mean line.Panels showing stains,discoloration,or many scratches are not acceptable.New panels should be cleaned prior to u as described in11.1,except with ten washes of the final solvent.Between us,the panel test surface shall be protected from scratches and contamination,and the panels stored at conditions described in Section10.
6.4Roller—Mechanically or hand operated.
6.4.1A steel roller8562.5mm[3.2560.1in.]in diameter and4561.5mm[1.7560.05in.]in width,covered with rubber approximately6mm[0.25in.]in thickness,having a Shore scale A durometer hardness of8065.The surface shall be a true cylinder void of any convex or concave deviations. The mass of the roller shall be2040645g[4.560.1lb].
6The widths correspond to the primary metric(SI)units described in Guide D5750.The so-called“modular metric”units are ud throughout the world, except for Europe.If it is desirable to test slightly different widths(for example,25 mm)of specimens than tho described in9.1,this should be noted(e18.1.7)and calculations must also account for the difference(e17.1
).
6.4.2No part of the apparatus shall increa the mass of the roller during u.The roller shall move either mechanically or by hand at the rate of1060.5mm/s[2460.5in./min].A mechanically operated roller is recommended for referee purpos.
N OTE2—A simple check to determine if the rubber surface is cylindri-cal is to wrap the roller in a very thin paper(onionskin)and drag it across aflat glass plate on which is placed carbon paper,face up.The carbon rubs off onto the thin paper wrapper to reveal high spots or hollows on the rubber surface.
6.5Adhesion Tester—A constant-rate-of-extension(CRE) tension tester shall be ud.It is propod to u an electronic machine taking at least one reading per mm[0.1in.]of tape peeled.The tester shall have two clamps with centers in the same plane,parallel with the direction of the motion on the stressing clamp,and so aligned that they will hold the specimen wholly in the same plane;a means of moving the stressing clamp at a uniform rate of5.060.2mm/s[1260.5 in./min]and a device for recording load.The instrument shall be calibrated to an accuracy of0.5%of full scale and the scale range ud for any test shall be such that the mean test level falls within20to80%of full scale.
6.6Fixture—90°peel for Test Method F.
7.Reagents and Materials
7.1Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals should be ud in all tests.Other grades may be ud,provided it isfirst ascertained that the reagent is of sufficiently high purity to permit its u witho
ut lesning accuracy of the determination.
7.2Solvents:
7.2.1Any of the following solvents may be ud for cleaning:
7.2.1.1Diactone alcohol non-residual,technical grade or better,
7.2.1.2Methanol(95%),
7.2.1.3Methyl ethyl ketone(MEK),
7.2.1.4n-Heptane,or
7.2.1.5Acetone.
7.2.2For referee testing,thefinal cleaning shall be with MEK or acetone.
7.2.3Before lecting or using the solvents for cleaning test panels,be sure to read and follow all precautions on the chemical Material Safety Data Sheets(MSDS)and consult with Environmental,Health,and Safety(EHS)professionals.
7.3Cleaning Material—Absorbent,surgical gauze,cotton wool or tissue may be ud.To be suitable,materials must be lint-free during u,absorbent,contain no additives that are soluble in the solvents listed in7.2and made exclusively from virgin materials.
8.Sampling
8.1Acceptance Sampling—Sampling shall be in accordance with Practice D3715/D3715M.
8.2Sampling for Other Purpos—The sampling and the number of test specimens depends on the purpo of the testing.Practice E122is recommended.It is common to test at leastfive specimens of a particular tape.Test specimens should be taken from veral rolls of tape,and whenever possible, among veral production runs of tape.Strong conclusions about a specific property of a tape cannot be bad on tests of
a single unit(roll)of a product.
9.Test Specimen
9.1The specimen shall be24-mm[1-in.]wide.If the specimen is of a different width,refer to Note4.A tolerance of60.5mm[61/64in.]shall be allowed.The length shall be approximately300mm[12in.].
9.2Discard at least three but no more than six outer wraps of tape from the sample roll before taking the specimens for testing.
小班随笔9.3Remove one specimen per sample roll for each test to be performed.Remove the specimen from a freely rotating roll at the rate of500to750mm/s[20to30in./s].Where width or other factors causing a high adherence to backing makes it impossible to remove the specimen at the prescribed rate, remove it at a rate as clo to500mm/s[20in./s]as possible.
9.4When tape is wider than24mm[1in.],specimens of the widest specified width are to be cut from the center of a strip removed from the roll in accordance with9.3.
9.5Apply specimen within5min after unwinding.
10.Conditioning
10.1Condition the sample rolls of tape in the standard conditioning atmosphere as described in Practice D4332for a period of not less than24h.Test at the conditions. (Warning—The tester should know that by prolonged han-dling heat is transmitted to the stainless steel test panel. Therefore,during and after application of the adhesive tape to the test panel,the panel should be handled as little as possible.)
11.Test Method A—Single-Coated Tapes at180°Angle 11.1Dispen one of the solvents listed in7.2.1onto the panel,wiping it to dryness with fresh absorbent cleaning material.Repeat for a total of three washes with this solvent. The panel shall be allowed to dry at standard conditions for at least10min.If cleaned panel is not ud within10h,it should be recleaned.
N OTE3—Discard panels showing stains,discoloration,or many scratches.Avoid contacting panel surface withfingers.During storage, panels should be protected from damage or contamination.
11.2Remove a300-mm[12-in.]specimen of the tape to be tested,as described in9.3.Fold12mm[0.5in.]at one end, adhesive to adhesive to form a tab.Touch other end of the specimen to an end of the test panel.Hold the other end of the specimen so that it does not make contact with the panel but is positioned looly above it.Roll mechanically or by hand twice in each lengthwi direction,causing the roller to apply the tape to the panel.This prevents entrapment of air between the adhesive and the panel.Should this occur,discard the specimen.
N OTE4—Where the width of the specimen is less than24mm[1in.], prior to applying test specimen,apply a strip or strips of the tape,to give an equivalent width of24mm[1in.]for rolling purpos or u roller of appropriate weight to obtain a line pressure equal to2040g[4.5lb]for24 mm[1in.]width635%.
11.3Individually prepare each specimen and test within1
min.
N OTE5—Longer dwell time will give different results.Peel adhesion increas with dwell time at different rates for various tapes.A longer dwell time may be chon purpoly.
11.4Double back the folded end of the tape at an angle of 180°and peel25mm[1in.]of the tape from the panel.Clamp that end of the panel into the movable jaw of the adhesion testing machine and the free end of the tape into the other jaw. Operate the movable jaw at5.060.2mm/s[1260.5in./min].
11.5After the movable jaw is started in motion,disregard the values obtained while thefirst25mm[1in.]of tape is mechanically peeled.U the average force obtained during peeling of the next50mm[2in.]as the adhesion value. 12.Test Method B—Adhesion to Backing of Single-
Coated Tapes
12.1Apply a sample of the tape under test to a rigid panel such as the standard stainless steel panel.Rollfirmly.Apply a cond strip of the tape to the backing of the strip on the test panel as described in11.2taking care to align the edges of the cond specimen with tho of the strip in the test panel. Complete testing as described in11.3-11.5.
13.Test Method C—Adhesion of Double-Coated Tape 13.1Face Side—Follow the procedure of11.1-11.3,then remove the liner and superimpo on the test strip a strip of nominal0.025-mm[0.001-in.]thick polyesterfilm,as wide as or slightly wider than the double-coated tape.Apply thisfilm in the manner of applying the double-coated test strip to the panel so that the roller makes the actual application of thefilm to the double-coated tape.
N OTE6—The two pass of the roller in applying polyesterfilm may be made using the hand roller.The rolling rate may be incread to50mm/s [2in.]/s.Continue in accordance with11.4and11.5.
13.2Liner Side—Adhere the face side of the specimen to a strip of nominal0.025-mm[0.001-in.]thick polyesterfilm in the manner described in11.2so that the roller makes actual application of the tape to thefilm.Trim thefilm to be as wide as or slightly wider than the tape.Remove the liner.Continue in accordance with11.1-11.5.
14.Test Method D—Adhesion to Liner of Double-Coated
and Single-Coated Tapes
14.1Double-Coated Tapes—Follow11.1.Apply125mm[5 in.]of one end of the specimen to the panel with the adhesive side(face side)down.Make four pass with the roller,twice in each direction at a rate of1060.5mm/s[2460.5in./min]. Separate the liner from the tape at the free end and cut away the free tape.Do not disturb the line adhered to the tape on the panel.Double back the liner and proceed in accordance with 11.4and11.5.
14.2Single-Coated Tapes—Follow11.1.Apply a strip of double-coated tape as wide as the specimen,the full length of the panel.Remove the liner from the single-coated tape. Superimpo125mm[5in.]of one end of the specimen, backing side down,against the double-coated tape on the panel.Make four pass with the roller,twice in each direction at a rate of1060.5mm/s[2460.5in./min].Separate the liner from the tape at the free end and cut away the free tape.Do not disturb the liner adhered to the tape on the panel. Double back the liner and proceed in accordance with11.4and 11.5.
15.Test Method E—Adhesion of Adhesive Transfer
Tapes
15.1Face Side—Follow procedure of11.1-11.3,then re-move the liner and superimpo on the test strip a strip of nominal0.025-mm[0.001-in.]thick polyesterfilm,as wide as or slightly wider than the adhesive transfer tape.Apply this film in the manner of applying described in11.2so that the roller makes the actual application of thefilm to the adhesive transfer tape.Proceed as described in11.4and11.5.
15.2Liner Side—Apply to the face side of the adhesive transfer tape a trip of nominal0.025-mm[0.001-in.]thick polyesterfilm.Make two pass of the roller using a hand roller of the same size.The roller rate may be incread to50 mm/s[2in.]/s.Remove the liner from the tape and apply to a standard test panel as described in11.2and11.3.Proceed as described in11.4and11.5.猫咪能吃苹果吗
N OTE7—In spite of its apparent simplicity,the u of this test method is rather delicate and involves the u of great care in following the procedure as written to give coherent and identical results between one laboratory and another,as well as between one operator and another. 16.Test Method F—Single Coated Tapes at90°Angle 16.1Prepare specimen for testing as described in11.1-11.3.
16.2Double back the folded end of the tape at a90°angle and peel25mm[1in.]of the tape from the pa
nel.Place the panel into afixture clamped to the moving jaw of the adhesion tester so that it will maintain a peeling angle at90°during the peeling of the next75mm[3in.]of tape and the free end of the tape into the other jaw.Operate the moving jaw at5.060.2 mm/s[1260.5in./min].
16.3Proceed as described in11.5.
17.Calculation
17.1In the inch-pound system,if obrved pull value is not in Newtons(N),convert to N per10mm by converting the pull value to N and dividing by the width of the tape,mm,and multiplying by10.In the English System,if the obrved value is not in ounces,convert to ounces and divide by the specimen width.
18.Report
18.1Report the following information:
18.1.1Statement that the test methods were ud and indication of any deviations from the test methods as written, 18.1.2Identification of the source of each roll of tape tested, 18.1.3Description of any anomalous behavior during test-ing(such as adhesive transfer or splitting),
18.1.4Peel adhesion value,N/10mm to the nearest0.1 N/10mm[ the nearest1oz/in.].U actual specimen width in calculations,
18.1.5Identification of the test method ud(A,B,C,D or
E)and,if C or E,whether face side or liner side,
18.1.6Dwell time,if less or greater than the standard1min, 18.1.7Test specimen widths,if different from9.1,
and
18.1.8Conditions of test,if other than2361°C[73.46 3.5°C]or5065%RH.
19.Precision and Bias
19.1Summary—The difference between two single obr-vations should not exceed18.8%of the ave
rage of the two obrvations in95out of100cas when both obrvations are taken by the same well-trained operator using the same piece of test equipment and the specimens randomly drawn from the same sample of material.Larger differences may occur under all other circumstances.The true value of peel adhesion at180°angle can only be defined in terms of a specified test method. Within this limitation,Test Methods D3330/D3330M has no known bias.The bias for this summary and for evaluations made under other conditions are explained in19.2-19.5.
N OTE8—Of the six methods in the test methods only Test Method A was ud in determining the precision.It is believed that the precision for the other test methods would be similar.It would probably not apply to Test Method C.
19.2Interlaboratory Test Data7—An interlaboratory study was made in1980in which randomly drawn samples of two materials were tested in each of six laboratories.Two operators in each laboratory each tested3specimens from each of3rolls of each material.The components of variance for peel adhesion at180°results expresd as coefficients of variation(e Note 8)and were calculated to be as follows:
Specimens of the Same Material
Specimens of Different Material
Single-operator component 4.8%of the average9.7%of the average Within-Laboratory component 2.1%of the average0%of the average Between-Laboratory component9.0%of the average 3.7%of the average Replication component 4.9%of the average 4.9%of the average
19.3Critical Differences—For the components of variance reported in19.2,two averages of obrved values should be considered significantly different in the95%probability level if the difference equals or exceeds the critical difference shown in Table1.
N OTE9—The tabulated values of the critical differences and confidence limits should be considered to be general statements particularly with respect to between-laboratory precision.Before a meaningful statement can be made about two specific laboratories,the amount of statistical bias between them,if any,must be established with each comparison being bad on recent data obtained on specimens randomly drawn from one sample of the material to be evaluated.
19.4Confidence Limits—For components of variance re-ported in19.2,single averages of obrved values have the following95%confidence limits.See Note9and Table2. 19.5Bias—No justifiable statement can be made on the bias of Test Method D3330/D3330M for testing peel adhesion since t
he true value cannot be established by accepted referee method.叶黄素的作用与功效
20.Keywords
20.1adhesion to backing;adhesion to liner;peel adhesion at 90°angle;peel adhesion at180°angle;pressure nsitive tape
7Supporting data have beenfiled at ASTM International Headquarters and may be obtained by requesting Rearch Report RR:D01–1002.
TABLE1Critical Difference,Percent of Grand Average for the
Conditions Noted A,B
Number of
Obrvations in
Each Average
Single-
Operator
红豆馒头
Precision
Within-
象棋方法
Laboratory
Precision
Between-
Laboratory
Precision Specimens of the Same Material:
118.819.742.5
514.515.629.4
1013.915.029.1 Specimens of Different Material:
130.130.131.8
528.028.029.4
1027.327.329.1
A The critical differences were calculated using t=1.960which is bad on infinite degrees of freedom.
B To convert the values of the critical differences to units of measure,multiply the average of the two specific ts of data being compared by the critical differences expresd as a decimal fraction.
TABLE2Width of95%Confidence Limits,Percent of the Grand Average for the Conditions Noted A,B
Number of
Obrvations in
Each Average
Single-
Operator
Precision
Within-
Laboratory
Precision
绝对值教学设计Between-
Laboratory
Precision Specimens of the Same Material:
1613.3613.9630.0
5610.3611.0620.8
1069.8610.6620.6 Specimens of Different Material:
绽放
1621.3621.3622.5
5619.8619.8620.8
10619.3619.3620.6
A The confidence limits are calculated using t=1.960which is bad on infinite degrees of freedom.
B To convert the values of the confidence limits to units of measure,multiply the average of the specific t of data which is of interest by the confidence limits expresd as a decimal
fraction.
