Conjunctions（连接词） and but or我的未来式由我做主 for nor neither so yet | To introduce a topic（引出主题） as for concerning with regard to with respect to | To Summarize（总结） in all in a word in brief briefly in other words in short in summary that is | To Show Purpo（显示目的） in order that in order to so that |
To Show Cau and Effect（表达因果关系） accordingly as a conquence as a result conquently for this reason hence it follows that so/so that then therefore thus | To Compare（比较） by comparison here again in the same way in a similar manner likewi similarly so too as also equally | To Contrast（对比） converly however instead in spite of that anyhow on the contrary on the other hand otherwi rather than still yet | To Explain, Give Reasons（作解释） actually admittedly becau certainly for example in fact indeed really of cour since that is |
To Add Information and Reasons（补充） add to this again also besides equally further furthermore in addition moreover once more then too too yet again yet another | To Show Various Conditions（表达不同的条件） in this event in the circumstances under such circumstances this (that) being so provided that in spite of none/nevertheless at the same time even if if unless otherwi although even though though despite | To Show Conviction（表达肯定性） after all at least 电钳工at the same time apparently even so evidently certainly conceivably conclusively doubtless no doubt perhaps possibly presumably probably surely undoubtedly | To Show Concession（表达让步） admittedly after all all the same at any rate granted however in any ca in spite of it is true that nevertheless obviously of cour still to be sure |
To Show Chronological Order（时间法） after that afterwards later shortly subquently concurrently in the meantime in the meanwhile我的书屋 now simultaneously when/while/was | first, cond, etc. formerly earlier previously before that then already at last at length by that time finally | To List or Show Logical Order（举例或表示逻辑次序） for example for instance in particular to illustrate the one ... the other this ... that the ... tho here ... there | either ... or neither ... nor whether ... or though ... yet wherever ... there since ... then the more ... the more not only ... but also |
一、解释( to explain ) |
1. now现在；那么（表示转变话题、要求、安慰、警告、解释、惊异等，通常置于句首并加逗点） 2. in addition而且；此外 3. in this ca在这种情况下 4. in fact其实；实际上 5. for this reason因为这个缘故 | 玩具进行曲儿歌
| 野营装备 例句：1.Now, follow the directions carefully. 2.In addition, there are two muums in the city. 3.The problem, in this ca, is hard to solve. |
二、强调( to emphasize ) |
1. certainly确实地 2. indeed确实地 3. surely确实地 4. above all尤其；最重要者 5. most important ( of all )最重要的是 |
例句：1.Certainly the vacation was fun. 2.Indeed, no man is an island.谚语：人不能离群索居。 3.Above all, avoid swimming alone in strange waters.(陌生的水域) |
三、举例( to illustrate ) |
1. for example例如 2. for instance例如 3. thus就这样 4. next其次；然后 5. namely那就是 6. that is那就是 7. in other words换言之 8. that is to say换言之；那就是说 9. in particular尤其；特别 10. particularly尤其 11. especially特别地；主要地 |
例句：1.A good speech, for example, should be as short as a skirt. 2.For instance, light travels faster than sound. 3.Next, think of the cours you want to take. |
四、增加或附属( to add ) |
1. in addition而且；此外 2. furthermore而且；更有甚者 3. also也；而且 4. moreover而且；更有甚者 5. again而且 6. and而且 7. besides而且 8. in addition to除．．．之外 9. what's more而且 |
例句：1.In addition, the tour stops in Tokyo. 2.furthermore, he is too old to do that. 3.Also, she asked for some money. |
五、比较( to compare )尤其是相同性质的比较 |
1. like像 2. likewi同样地 3. in the same way同样地 4. similarly同样地 5. too也 6.equally important同样重要地 |
例句：1.Like Peter, Tom is a good swimmer. 2.In the same way, we look for a good doctor. 3.The car us less fuel. Equally important, the car drives ninety miles per hour. |
六、对比关系或相反的意思( to contrast ) |
1. unlike不像 2. in contrast相反地 3. on the other hand另一方面 4. for another thing另一方面 5. on the contrary相反地 6. instead代替；更换；反而 7. but然而；但是 8. instead of代替；不．．．而 9. nevertheless然而 10. however然而 11. still然而 12. yet然而 13. after all毕竟 14. in spite of虽然 15. despite虽然 |
例句：1.Unlike Tom, John is brave. 2.In contrast, they took to the streets.相反地，他们走上街头。 3.Instead, the new law caud many problems. |
七、让步( to concede ) |
1. although虽然 2. nevertheless然而 3. of cour当然 4. clearly确实地 5. naturally自然地 6. perhaps或许 |
例句：1.Although she ran after the train, it left without her. 2.He planned, nevertheless, to ask for our help. 3.Clearly, a garden needs a lot of care. |
八、结果( to state a conquence ) |
1. therefore 2. conquently 3. as a result 4. thus 5. accordingly 6. hence以上皆表「因此」，「所以」，「结果」 7. so所以；因此 |
出谋划策的意思例句：1.They hoped, therefore, to be respected. 2.Conquently, we opened an account at the bank. 3.Accordingly, she gave up her original plan. |
九、综合；总结( to sum up ) |
1. to sum up 2. to summarize 3. to conclude 4. in sum ( in summary )5. in conclusion以上皆表「总之」 6. in brief 7. in short 8. in a word 9. to be short 10. in a nutshell以上皆表「简言之」 11. by and large一般来说 12. finally最后 13. in general一般而言 14. on the whole整个来说 15. generally speaking大体而言；一般而论 |
例句：1.To conclude, Chine New Year is the most important holiday. 2.In summary, recreation is a big business. 3.I will tell it in a nutshell. |
十、时间关系( to state quence of time ) |
1. after a long time ( after a short time )过了很久，过了不久 2. after a long abnce过了很久 3. prently目前 4. meanwhile同时 5. after a while一阵子之后 6. once曾经；一度 7. since then自从那时起 8. at the same time同时 9. temporarily暂时地 10. later稍晚 11. afterward后来 12. thereafter其后 13. lately最近；近来 14. sooner or later早晚 |
例句：1.They met after a long abnce. 2.Meanwhile, they were at war with their enemy. 3.Thereafter, they never met again. |
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