2019年中考真题英语分项汇编
专题19短文填空
考点5提示词填空
P assage1(2019浙江省绍兴市)
阅读下面短文,然后根据括号内所给汉语意思写出单词的正确形式(每空一词)。
A group of rubbish collectors in T urkey are recycling the books that people have thrown away.They have(1)________(已经)created a mobile library.There are now over9,000books,which are divided into20kinds, including(2)________(医学的)care,politics,literature,history,healthy living and so on.The library is inside a (3)________(卡车)that tours schools in the countryside.They hope to create a greater passion(热情)for reading books in children,(4)________(尤其)in the age of mobile phones and computers.Many schools do not have a reading room or their(5)________(自己的)library.
The library has got lots of attention in T urkey.P eople from all over T urkey are(6)________(送)their old books to the library.A(7)________(女士)working at the mobile library said,"The interest is growing.Each day we have guests coming here to58(8)________(借)books or have a quiet time to r梦见好多鱼
ead."The director of the library said,"We have books here for kids aged from four to(9)________(十),and books for older children,like world classics and(10)________(诗).W e hope that it will develop their love for books."
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】本文主要介绍土耳其的一群垃圾收集者正在回收人们扔掉的书。他们已经创建了一个移
动图书馆。现在有9000多本书,分为医学护理、政治、文学、历史、健康生活等20种。服务于农村学校的四岁到十岁的孩子和打孩子的书。
(1)already句意:他们已经创建了一个移动图书馆。已经,already,副词常与现在完成时连用,故填already。(2)medical句意:现在有9000多本书,分为医学护理、政治、文学、历史、健康生活等20种。医学的,medical,形容词。根据空格后care,照顾,护理,名词,要用形容词作定语,故填medical。
(3)truck句意:图书馆在一辆卡车内,它在农村学校旅行。卡车,truck,可数名词。根据空格前不定冠词a,要用可数名词单数,故填truck。
(4)especially句意:他们希望能给儿童创造更大的热情去阅读书籍,尤其是在手机和电脑时代。尤
其,副词especially。修饰介词短语做状语,要用副词,故填especially。
(5)own句意:许多学校没有阅览室或自己的图书馆。自己的,own,形容词,用在形容词性物主代词之
“
”
,
2 ( (
( ( ( 后。空格后有 library ,图书馆,名词,要用形容词 own ,故填 own 。
(6)nding /giving 句意:来自土耳其各地的人们把他们的旧书送到图书馆。送,give/nd ,动词。空格前
有 are ,要用现在进行时,be+现在分词,nd/give 的现在分词 nding/giving ,故填 nding/giving 。
(7)lady 句意:一位在移动图书馆工作的女士说: 人们的兴趣在增长。每天我们都有客人来这里借书,或
者有安静的时间来读书。 女士,lady ,可数名词。根据空格前有不定冠词 a ,要用单数 lady ,故填 lady 。
(8)borrow 句意:一位在移动图书馆工作的女士说:“人们的兴趣在增长。每天我们都有客人来这里借书,
或者有安静的时间来读书。借(入) borrow ,及物动词。空格前有不定式符号to ,要用动词原形,故
填 borrow 。
(9)ten 句意:我们这里有适合四岁到十岁的孩子的书。十,ten ,基数词,根据 from four to...,要用基数
词 ten ,故填 ten 。
(10)poems 句意:还有适合大孩子的书,比如世界名著和诗。诗,poem ,可数名词。根据空格前 classics and ,
可知连词 and 的是并列的名词复数形式 poems ,故填 poems 。
Passage (2019 •浙江省温州市)
根据短文内容和所给中文提示,用单词的正确形式完成以下短文。
Lydia runs and picks up rubbish along the way . What she does is called "plogging", an activity combining
collecting rubbish with running. Last ___46___(六月),she first learned the idea of plogging on the Intemet and
decided to plog.
Lydia runs four or ___47___ (五) times a week and takes a daily walk with her two dogs. She o ften wears her
gloves and takes veral ___48___ 袋子) when she goes out. Sometimes she spends ___49___一半,半数) an hour
collecting rubbish. She says she___50___ 浪费) the last few years of her running life. Now she feels" ___51___ 更
好的) to do plogging than just running by the litter ." It just takes a moment to stop and pick something up off the
ground.___52___(然而) , it mak es a big difference to my community . Now my husband also ___53___ 加入) me,"
Lydia says ___54___ (自豪地 ). "It doesn 't matter how much rubbish I pick up. It's good way to protect our
____55____(星球))
狐假虎威图片【答案与解析】
【文章大意】Lydia 参加了一项跑步捡垃圾的健身运动,这是一项集收集垃圾和跑步与一体的活动。她
每周跑步四次或五次,每次出门时她经常戴着手套,带着几个袋子。现在她的丈夫也加入了她。Lydia 自豪
地说:“捡多少垃圾并不重要,这是保护我们星球的好方法。”
46. June
考查名词。根据所给汉语意思拼写出单词 June “六月”,名词;句意:去年 6 月,她第一次有
了在网上工作的想法。故答案填 June 。
47.five考查数词。根据所给汉语意思拼写出单词five“五”,基数词;句意:Lydia每周跑步四次或五
次。or并列连词,表示或者,在这里连接four和five两个并列成分,故答案填five。
48.bags考查名词。根据所给汉语意思拼写出单词bag“袋子、包”,可数名词;句意:她出门时经常
戴着手套,带着几个袋子。veral“几个、数个”,修饰可数名词复数,故答案填bags。
49.half考查名词。根据所给汉语意思拼写出单词h alf“一半、半数”,名词;句意:有时她花半个小时
基层组织建设收集垃圾。half an hour“半小时”,故答案填half。
50.wasted/has wasted考查动词。根据所给汉语意思拼写出单词w aste“浪费”,动词;由语境及the last
few years可知时态用一般过去时或现在完成时均可,句意:她说她浪费了最后几年的跑步生活。waste 的过去式和过去分词为wasted,故答案填wasted/has wasted。
51.better考查比较级。根据所给汉语意思拼写出单词better“更好的”,good的比较级;句意:现在,
她感觉跑步捡垃圾比仅仅只是在垃圾旁跑步更好。故答案填better。
52.However考查副词。根据所给汉语意思拼写出单词however“然而”,副词,因其位于句首,所以第
一个字母要大写;句意:然而,这对我的社区有很大的影响。故答案填H owever。
53.joins考查动词。根据所给汉语意思拼写出单词j oin“加入”,动词;句意:现在我丈夫也加入了我。
由语境可知句子时态用一般现在时,主语是my husband,第三人称单数,所以谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式joins,故答案填joins。
54.proudly考查副词。根据所给汉语意思拼写出单词proudly“自豪地”,副词;句意:Lydia自豪地说。
设空处修饰前面的谓语动词所以用副词形式,故答案填proudly。
55.planet考查名词。根据所给汉语意思拼写出单词p lanet“星球”,名词;句意:这是保护我们星球的教师招聘面试
好方法。本句考查固定句型:It's+形容词+to do sth.“做某事是怎么样的”,其中it是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的动词不定式;故答案填planet。
【点睛】
本题为短文填空,首先要快速浏览全文,理解短文的大致意思,再精读短文注意所填的词在句中的词性、时态等等。然后根据句意、上下文联系、语境及所给出的汉语提示填写出合适的词语。如,第3小题,根据所给汉语意思拼写出单词bag“袋子、包”,可数名词;前面的veral“几个、数个”,修饰可数名词复数,故答案填bags。第9小题,根据所给汉语意思拼写出单词proudly“自豪地”,副词;设空处修饰前面的谓语动词所以用副词形式,故答案填proudly。
P assage3(2019浙江省衢州市)
根据短文内容和所给中文提示,写出空白处各单词的正确形式,每空限填一词。
nights are very cold. Not everyone wants to go and experience life without modern ___39___(发明) like smart
尝 骑
(
Many people go to Utah becau they love hiking in Bryce Canyon National Park. They enjoy ___36___(岩石)
climbing, camping and so on. However , some people go to Utah for a very ___37___(不同的) experience.
The Boulder Out d oor Survival( 生存) School(BOSS) in Utah is the world’s oldest survival school. It teaches
people how stay alive without tents, or even backpacks. In Bryce Canyon, the days are very ___38___(热的) and the , phones and e-books. S tudents at BOSS quickly learn that it is important to work hard and ___40___(试) new things
if they want to complete the training.
In survival camps at BOSS students don 't just practi camping, hiking or___41___( ) hors. They go into the
wild for days or weeks. They learn how to find ___42___ 新鲜的)water for drinking. They also learn how to mak e a
fire, u a ___43___(小刀) and find food to eat. Nature can o ften give them ___44___ (每件事) they need so
survive.
After the people go back to the real world they may never u the skills again. Even if they don’t, at
____45____(至少) they will always know that they can live without computers, electricity, and smart phones —even
if it is only for a few days!
【答案与解析】
奥林匹克的格言【文章大意】本文主要介绍犹他州的博尔德户外生存学校。
36. rock
句意:他们喜欢攀岩、露营等。rock :岩石,rock climbing :攀岩;答案是 rock 。
37. different
句意:然而,有些人去犹他州是为了一个非常不同的体验。本词修饰名词可知填形容词; different :不同的,形容词;答案是 different 。
38. hot
句意:在布莱斯峡谷,白天很热,夜晚很冷。本句是主系表结构,形容词做表语,very 后面跟形
容词原级;hot :热的,形容词;答案是 hot 。
39. inventions
句意:不是每个人都想去体验没有像智能手机和电子书这样的现代发明的生活。invention :
红掌的花语发明,复数 inventions ,可数名词复数表示泛指,单数一般不单独使用。答案是 inventions 。
40. try
句意:博尔德户外生存学校的学生很快明白,如果他们想完成培训,努力工作和尝试新事物是很
重要的。本句句型是 It is+形容词+to do sth.,and 连接的两个动词形式应一致,可知 and 连接前后动词都
应使用原形;try :尝试,动词;答案是 try 。
41. riding
句意:在博尔德户外生存学校里,学生们不只是练习野营、徒步旅行或骑马。短语 practi doing
sth.:练习做某事;or 是并列连词,它连接的动词形式应一致;ride :骑,动名词是 riding ;答案是 riding 。
42. fresh 句意:他们学习如何找到饮用的淡水。fresh :新鲜的,fresh water :淡水;答案是 fresh 。
4 43. knife
句意:他们还学习如何生火,使用刀子和寻找食物吃。不定冠词 a 后面跟可数名词单数;knife :
小刀;答案是 knife 。
44. everything
句意:大自然往往能给他们所需要的一切,所以生存下来。everything :每件事,一切;
答案是 everything 。
45. least
句意:即使他们不这样做,至少他们会一直知道,即使只有几天时间,他们也可以在没有电脑、
电力和智能手机的情况下生活!短语 at least :至少;答案是 least 。
Passage (2019 •临沂市)
根据短文内容,用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空,必要时可加助动词或情态动词。
A bus ran off a bridge into the Y angtze River in Chongqing on October 28, 2018. The accident ___49___ (cau)
by a fight be tw ee n the driver and a pasnger , killing all 15 people on the bus.
According to the police report, a 45-year -old female pasnger , surnamed Liu, ar gue d with the driver , surnamed
Ran. Liu was angry becau Ran refud ___50___ (stop) the bus after she misd her station. She the n hit the driver ,
causing the accident. The video shows that Liu hit Ran with her mobile phone twice while Ran ___51___(drive) the
表示单身的句子bus. Rather th an st op in the middle of the road, Ran k ept driving. But in protecting himlf , he lost control of the bus
and a tragedy (悲剧) happened.
The police said that both Liu and Ran had brok en criminal law by riously endangering ( 危及) public safety .
And the police ___52___ (announce), "Liu hit the driver with her phone and prevented the driver from driving the bus
safely . The driver , too, didn 't do his best to mak e sure that his driving was safe."
The accident also caud heated discussions on the Internet. Besides feeling terribly sorry for the tragedy , most
Internet urs blamed (指责) Liu, while some others criticized the driver . More urs were talking about what they
should do. One W eibo ur said, "We ___53___ (stand) up and stop such fights be tw ee n p asngers and drivers
___54___ (avoid) this kind of tragedy ."
Another ur advid that a safety barrier (屏障) should be t up on the bus. It can st op p asngers from
___55___ (touch) the bus driver .
粟裕后人
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】本文讲述了 2018 年 10 月 28 日,在重庆一辆公交车上,一位乘客和司机发生冲突,导致
公交车从桥上冲入长江。
49. was caud
句意:事故是由司机和一名乘客打架造成的,车上15 人全部丧生。cau 意思是导致,主
语是 the accident, 所以事故“被”导致,故用被动语态,且这是过去发生的事情,故填 was caud 。
50. to st op 句意:刘很生气,因为她错过车站后,冉拒绝停车。refu to do sth 拒绝做某事,故填 to stop 。