[语法初识]
原句感知 | 贵州著名景点自主探究 |
①You may find it astonishing that Charlie was taught to sing ．．． ②Such training was common in acting families at this time ．．． ③He could mime and act the fool doing ordinary everyday tasks． ④．．．his subtle acting made everything entertaining． ⑤He grew more and more popular as his charming character, the little tramp, became known throughout the world． ⑥How did the little tramp make a sad situation entertaining? ⑦The acting is so convincing that it makes you believe that it is one of the best meals he has ever tasted． | (1)动词ing形式可在句中作表语参茯胶囊(句⑦)。 (2)动词ing形式可在句中作定语(句②、③、⑤)。 (3)动词ing形式可在句中作宾语补足语(句①、④、⑥)。 (4)由句②和句③可以看出单个现在分词作定语时要放在它所修饰的名词之前；现在分词短语作定语时放在它所修饰的名词之后。 |
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[语法剖析]
作表语的动词ing形式包括现在分词和动名词。
1．现在分词作表语，往往具有形容词的性质，说明主语的性质、特征等。
The result of the game was disappointing．
比赛结果令人失望。
His life story sounds very moving．
他的人生故事听起来很感人。
[点津] 作表语的现在分词，许多是由能够表示人们某种感情或情绪的动词变化而来的。常见的有：moving, interesting, encouraging, exciting, inspiring, boring, surprising, puzzling, amusing, astonishing ．．．这类分词有“令人……的”的含义，常修饰物。
2．动名词作表语多表示抽象性的或习惯性的动作，一般说明主语的内容。
What I am tired of is waiting here alone．
我厌烦独自在这里等。
My hobby is collecting stamps．
奥特曼的画法
我的爱好就是集邮。
即时演练1
试判断下列句中动词ing形式的类型：A动名词 B现在分词
①My favorite sport is swimming．A
②What you said is really inspiring．B
③Your task is preparing some plastic bags for the experiment．A
动名词和现在分词都可以作定语，但有所区别。
1．动名词作定语表示被修饰词的某种性能或用途，相当于for引导的介词短语。
There is a swimming pool in our school．
我们学校有一个游泳池。
2．现在分词作定语时，它和被修饰词之间有逻辑上的主动关系，表示所修饰词进行的动作，相当于一个定语从句。
The boy playing football on the playground is my younger brother．
＝ The boy that/who is playing football on the playground is my younger brother．
在操场上踢足球的那个男孩是我的弟弟。
[点津] 现在分词、过去分词和不定式作定语的一般区别：现在分词表示正在进行或习惯性的动作；过去分词表示被动或完成意义；不定式表示动作尚未发生。
You should adapt to the changing situation．
你应该适应不断变化的形势。
I like to hear songs sung by Jackson．
我喜欢听杰克逊唱的歌。
I'm looking for a room to live in．
我正在找房子住。
即时演练2
2－1．用所给动词的适当形式填空
①Our school went on an organized (organize) trip last week．
②He said if we had any questions to_ask足球训练计划 (ask), he would help us．
③(山东高考改编)There's a note pinned to the door saying (say) when the shop will open again．
2－2．一句多译
④正与老师谈话的那个人是我们班长的父亲。
→The man speaking to the teacher is our monitor's father．
→The_man_who_is_speaking_to_the_teacher_is_our_monitor's_father．
动词ing形式作宾语补足语时，表示正在进行的动作或经常存在的状态。动词ing形式常作以下动词的宾语补足语。
1．表示“感觉”的感官动词：feel, smell, listen to, hear, watch, e, notice, obrve等。
I heard Mary singing in the next room．
我听到玛丽在隔壁唱歌。
2．表示“使；让”的使役动词：have, keep, get, leave, t, nd, catch等。
We won't have you doing that．
我们不允许你那么做。
3．用于with复合结构中。
He lay on the grass with his eyes looking at the sky．
他躺在草地上，眼望着天空。
With so many people looking at her, she felt nervous．
这么多人看着她，她感到很紧张。
即时演练3
3－1．用所给动词的适当形式填空
①(全国卷Ⅱ改编)They u computers to keep the traffic running (run) smoothly．
②(辽宁高考改编)The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog following (follow) them．
3－2．完成句子
③I suddenly felt mylf being_hit by a heavy fist．
我突然感到自己被重重地打了一拳。
④His question has t me thinking．
他的问题让我深思。
⑤We shouldn't keep our lights burning in the day．
我们白天不应该开着灯。
⑥With time_going_by,_he becomes more and more interested in math．
随着时间的流逝，他对数学越来越感兴趣。
打扫干净英语
[链接高考]
用所给动词的适当形式填空
1．(2016·浙江高考短文改错)It was both exciting (excite) and frightening to be up there!
2．(2015·新课标全国卷Ⅱ短文改错)A woman saw him crying (cry) and told him to wait outside the shop．
3．(2015·浙江高考) Listening to music at home is one thing, going to hear it being_performed (perform) live is quite another．
4．(2015·福建高考)In recent years an English word “infosphere” has appeared, combining (combine) the n of “information” and “atmosphere”．
5．(2014·大纲版全国卷)Today there are more airplanes carrying (carry) more people than ever before in the skies．
6．(2014·北京高考)Last night, there were millions of people watching (watch) the opening ceremony live on TV．
7．(2013·山东高考)The room is empty except for a bookshelf standing (stand) in one corner．
8．(2013·辽宁高考)Laura was away in Paris for over a week．When she got home, there was a pile of mail 营销人waiting (wait) for her．
9．(2012·湖南高考)The lecture, starting (start) at 7：00 pm last night，was followed by an obrvation of the moon with telescopes．
[针对演练]
