Plagiarism
What this handout is about
This handout explains what plagiarism is and outlines steps students can follow to avoid plagiarizing.
What is plagiarism?谷歌商店打不开
You may have heard so many different definitions of plagiarism that you feel confud about exactly what it is. Despite all this variation, you can avoid the rious charge of committing plagiarism by adopting a conrvative definition of the term and following the guidelines below. The UNC Honor Court defines plagiarism as "the deliberate or reckless reprentation of another's words, thoughts, or ideas as one's own without attribution in connection with submission of academic work, whether graded or otherwi." (Instrument of Student Judicial Governance, Section II.B.1.).
Why are my instructors so concerned about plagiarism?
In order to understand plagiarism, it helps to understand the process of sharing and creating ideas in the university. All knowledge is built from previous knowledge. As we read, study, perform experiments, and gather perspectives, we are using other people's ideas. Building on other people's ideas, we create our own. When you put your ideas on paper, your instructors want to distinguish between the building block ideas borrowed from other people and your own newly reasoned perspectives or conclusions. You make the distinctions in a written paper by citing the sources for your building block ideas, giving clear credit for ideas matters in the professional community as well as in school.
Think of it this way: in the vast majority of assignments you'll get in college, your instructors will ask you to read something (think of this material as the building blocks) and then write a paper in which you analyze one or more aspects of what you have read (think of this as the new structure you build). Esntially, your instructors are asking you to do three things:
∙ Show that you have a clear understanding of the material you've read.
∙ 小草的简笔画Refer to your sources to support the ideas you have developed.
∙ Distinguish your analysis of what you've read from the author's analys.
When you cite a source, you are using an expert's ideas as proof or evidence of a new idea that you are trying to communicate to the reader.
What about "common knowledge"?
In every professional field, experts consider some ideas "common knowledge," but remember that you're not a professional (yet). In fact, you're just learning about tho concepts in the cour you're taking, so the material you are reading may not yet be "common knowledge" to you. In order to decide if the material you want to u in your paper constitutes "common knowledge," you may find it helpful to ask yourlf the following questions:
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∙ Did I know this information before I took this cour?
∙ 火龙果的英文Did this information/idea come from my own brain?
If you answer "no" to either or both of the questions, then the information is not "common knowledge" to you. In the cas, you need to cite your source(s) and indicate where you first learned this bit of what may be "common knowledge" in the field.
What about paraphrasing?
Paraphrasing means taking another person's ideas and putting tho ideas in your own words. Paraphrasing does NOT mean changing a word or two in someone el's ntence, changing the ntence structure while maintaining the original words, or changing a few words to synonyms. If you are tempted to rearrange a ntence in any of the ways, you are writing too clo to the original. That's plagiarizing, not paraphrasing.
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Paraphrasing is a fine way to u another person's ideas to support your argument as long as you attribute the material to the author and cite the source in the text at the end of the ntence. In order to make sure you are paraphrasing in the first place, take notes from your reading with the book clod司马懿怎么死的. Doing so will make it easier to put the ideas in your own words. When you are unsure if you are writing too clo to the original, check w
ith your instructor BEFORE you turn in the paper for a grade.
How can I avoid plagiarizing?
Now that you understand what plagiarism is, you're ready to employ the following three simple steps to avoid plagiarizing in your written work.
Step 1: Accentuate the positive. Change your attitude about using citations.
Do you feel that you u too many citations? Too few? Many students worry that if they u too many citations their instructors will think that they're relying too heavily on the source material and therefore not thinking for themlves. In fact, however, using citations allows you to demonstrate clearly how well you understand the cour material while also making clear distinctions between what the authors have to say and your analysis of their ideas.
Thus, rather than making your paper look less intellectually sophisticated, using citations allows you to show off your understanding of the material and the assignment. And instea
d of showing what you don't know, citing your sources provides evidence of what you do退伙协议 know and of the authority behind your knowledge. Just make sure that your paper has a point, main idea, or thesis that is your own and that you organize the source material around that point.爱的作文开头
Are you worried that you have too few citations? Double-check your assignment to e if you have been given any indication of the number or kind of source materials expected. Then share your writing with another reader. Do you have enough evidence or proof to support the ideas you put forward? Why should the reader believe the points you have made? Would adding another, expert voice strengthen your argument? Who el agrees or disagrees with the ideas you have written? Have you paraphrad ideas that you have read or heard? If so, you need to cite them. Have you referred to or relied on cour material to develop your ideas? If you, you need to cite it as well.
