第二章 语音学与音系学
1.Define the following terms
1) vowels
2) cardinal vowels
星巴克海报3) narrow transcription
漳州师院4) diphthong
5) Illustrate the term “allophone” with at least one appropriate example
6) supragmental
2.Multiple Choice
Directions: In each question there are three or four choices. Decide which one would be the best answer to the question or to complete the ntence
1) Of the three cavities, is the most variable and active in amplifying and modifying speech sounds
A nasal cavity B pharynx cavity C oral cavity痘痘原因
2) All syllables contain a
A nucleus B coda C ont
3) A sound which capable of distinguishing one word or one shape of word from another in a given language is a
A allophone B phone C phoneme
4) is one of the supragmental features
A Stop B Voicing C Deletion D Tone
5) Narrow transcription is the phonetic transcription with
A diacritics B distinctive features C voicing D articulation
6) Velar refers to
A larynx B soft palate C alveolar D pharynx
7) Which of the following consonants does not exist in English?
A dental stop B bilabial stop C alveolar stop D velar stop
8) is not a distinctive feature in English phonology
A Nasality B Voicing C Aspiration D Rounding
9) is not an English consonant
A Labio-dental plosive B Alveolar nasal C Velar stop D Dental fricative
10) The choice of an allophone in a given phonetic context is
A random B predictable C variable D independent
11) Voicing of explosives is a distinctive feature in
A Chine B English
C both Chine and English D neither Chine nor English
12) Match the sounds under column A with one or more phonetic properties from column B as illustrated in the first one
A B
a. [k] 1. velar
b. [ ] 2. nasal
c. [ ] 3. dental
d. [ ] 4. fricative
e. [l] 5.voiced
f [t] 6.voiceless
g.[m] 7.bilabial
h.[h] 8.alveolar
9. plosive
10 glottal
大学生创业方案3. Word Completion
Directions: Fill in the blanks with the most suitable words
1)The different members of a phoneme, sounds which are phonetically different but do not make one word different from another in meaning are
2)独出什么The three cavities in the articulatory apparatus are , , and
3)Names six places of articulation according to Fromkin and Rodman , , , , ,
4)Name five of English front vowels , , , ,
学唱儿歌
5)The sound [p] can be described with “ , bilabial, stop”
6)In the production of a sound, the back of the tongue is raid so that it touches the soft palate to form a kind of obstruction
7)By the position of the part of the tongue, vowels are classified as front vowels, central vowels and back vowels
8) , as a principal supragmental feature, can be defined as the relative intensity of loudness with which a syllable is uttered
9)In English, the sound [ ] has the same phonetic features as the sound [p] except the feature of
10) refers to the change of a sound as a result of the influence of an adjacent sound
11)The oral stops in English are , , , , , and
12)When pitch, stress and length variations are tied to the ntence rather than to the word, they are collectively known as 渐变态
13)Give the correct English symbol for each of the following phonenic feature complexes
(1) +lateral (2)
枸杞怎么种植
+alveolar +devoice
+velarized =[ ] +stop -nasal =[ ]
