Participles Ud as Adjectives

更新时间:2023-06-16 10:37:47 阅读：评论：0

▪ Both prent and past participles are ud with the verbs to be and to have to create common verb tens, but they can also be ud as adjectives. Since

there is a slight difference in meaning between the prent and the past

participles when they are ud as adjectives, it is very important to choo the

appropriate form.

✓ Prent participles are formed by adding –ing to the verb stem. As an

adjective, a prent participle modifies a noun that affects someone or something el.

The new song is interesting.

The new song was interesting.

✓ Past participles are formed by adding –ed, to the verb stem, but some of the irregular fo

rms may end in –d, –en, –n, or –t. As an adjective, a past participle modifies a noun that is affected by someone or something el.

The fans are interested in the new song.

The fans were interested in the new song.

✓ Participles generally come before the noun they modify. They may also be linked to the subject of the ntence by a linking verb such as to be or to feel.

The park is a frightening place at night.

Steve felt frightened as he walked alone in the park at night.

A list of -ed, -ing Participial Adjectives

The confud class. (all the students)

The chicken has eaten. (perfect aspect:)

The chicken was eaten. (passive voice)

The following words are past participle adjectives

verb - prent participle - past participle

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aggravate - aggravating - aggravated

alarm - alarming - alarmed

amaze - amazing - amazed

amu - amusing - amud

annoy - annoying - annoyed

appall - appalling - appalled

优先租赁权 astonish - astonishing - astonished

astound - astounding - astounded

bewilder - bewildering - bewildered

bore - boring - 马尼拉湾bored

calm - calming - calmed

captivate - captivating - captivated

challenge - challenging - challenged

charm - charming - charmed

comfort - comforting - comforted

compel - compelling - compelled

confu - confusing - confud

convince - convincing - convinced

depress - depressing - depresd

devastate - devastating - devastating

disappoint - disappointing - disappointed

disgust - disgusting - disgusted

distract - distracting - distracted

distress - distressing - distresd

disturb - disturbing - disturbed

embarrass - embarrassing - embarrasd

enchant - enchanting - enchanted

encourage - encouraging - encouraged

entertain - entertaining - entertained

excite - exciting - excited

overwhelm - overwhelming - overwhelmed

plea - pleasing - plead

puzzle - puzzling - puzzled

refresh - refreshing - refreshed

relax - relaxing - relaxed

reward - rewarding - rewarded

satisfy - satisfying - satisfied

shock - shocking - shocked

sicken - sickening - sickened

startle - startling - startled

surpri - surprising - surprid

tempt - tempting - tempted

terrify - terrifying - terrified

threaten - threatening - threatened

tire - tiring - tired

welcome - welcoming - welcomed

worry - worrying - worried

frighten - frightening - frightened

 The -ing饿了怎么办 form of the verb express the cau of the feeling.

网易云1 The -ed form of the verb express the result.

 In the ca of the verb "to bore" Akira said she is BORING which means Akira is actually BORING and not the class.

 Akira should say becau this class is BORING, I am BORED, or simply I am BORED.

 The class is the cau of her feeling, so it is described with an -ing form, in this ca BORING.

 Her feeling, or the result, is described with an -ed form, in this ca BORED.

 Basically you should remember that things can only be described with the -ing form becau things cannot produce feelings.

 People can be described with either the -ing or -ed forms becau they can produce feelings in other people or experience feelings themlves.

Adjectives and Adverbs: Using Participles as Adjectives

1. A participle is a verb form which can be ud as an adjective to

describe a noun.

an interesting book

an interested student

2. When the prent participle (-ing from) is ud, the noun it describes is (or was) the performer of the activity named by the participle. For example, in the ntence

The dog barks

The dog is the performer of the action (bark). It is a barking dog.

3. When the past participle (-ed, -en form) is ud, the noun it describes is (or was) acted upon.

For example, in The child is frightened by the dog, the child is the receiver of the action and is described as a frightened child.

4. The u of the prent or past participle does not depend on the verb ten of the ntence, but rather on the performer/receiver situation.

The dog barks	It is a barking dog
The dog barked	It was a barking dog
The dog frightens the cat.	It is a frightening dog.
The dog frightened the cat.	It was a frightening dog.
The problem confus the students.	It is a confusing problem.
The students are confud by the problem.	They are confud students.
The story amud the children.	It was an amusing story.
The children were amud by the story.	They were amud children.
The class bores the students.	It is a boring class各种各样的职业.
The students are bored by the class.	They are bored students.

5. The u of participles is not restricted to the subject of a ntence. In other words, the same statement can produce both a prent (active) and a past (passive) participle.

Examples:

The dog frightens the cat.	The frightening dog runs after the cat. The frightened cat runs away.
The problem confus the students.	The 单身群名confusing problem frightens the students. They are confud students.
The story amud the children.	It was an amusing story. The amud children laughed alot.
干豆角红烧肉 The class bores the students.	What a boring class it is! The bored students have stopped listening to the teacher.