英语中“条件”的表现形式
滕州二中新校 闵群栋
英语句子中所需的“条件”主要通过“if”或“unless”引导的条件状语从句表现出来,除此之外,还可以通过其他多种结构表示句子所需的条件。
1. if 和unless 引导的条件状语从句。
If wether permits, we’ll go for an outing.
如果天气好的话,我们就去郊游。
I shall go there unless it rains.
如果不下雨,我们就到那儿去。
注意:在倒装的虚拟条件句中, if往往可以省略(条件句中包含有had,should或were).
Had he t out earlier, he would be home now.
如果他早点动身,现在他就到家了。
2. 其他从句表示条件
1).so/as long as从句,表示“只要”,“如果”
法家名言
So/As long as we don’t lo heart, we’re sure to find a way to overcome the difficulties.
只要不失去信心,我们就一定能找到解决问题的方法。
2).in ca that从句,表示“万一”,“假如”
In ca that he comes, plea let me know.
完型填空万一他来了,请告诉我一声。
3).on/upon condition that从句,表示以…为条件,“如果”,“假如”
You can u my bike on condition that your return it to me tomorrow.
明天如果你能还给我的话,我就可以把自行车借给你。
4).when从句,表示“如果”
When work is a pleasure, life is joy;when work is a duty, life is slavery.
如果把工作当作乐趣的话,生活就是一件快乐的事;如果把工作当作差使,生活就是一种负担。
5).where 从句,表示“只要”(在…情况下)
Where there is a will, where is a way.
有志者,事竟成。(谚)
6).once从句,表示“一旦…就”
Once you’ve been to China, you’ll understand why I like it so much.
一旦去过中国,你就能明白我为什么如此喜欢她了。
7).but that 从句,表示“如果不是,要不是…”
The little girl would have fallen into the river but that the PLA man had caught her.
要不是这位解放军抓住这个小女孩,她就掉到河里了。
8).supposing/suppo (that)从句,表示“假如”永恒的幸福
Supposing/suppo (that) we can’t get the necessary equipment, we’ll have to quit.
北京市社保网上服务平台
假如弄不到必需的设备,我们只能停工了。
9).provide/providing that 从句,表示以…为条件,“只要,假如“
He should be home soon provide/providing that the bus haven’t been held up.
只要汽车没晚点,他就应该到家了。
3.固定的句型表示条件
1).“祈使句+连词and/or +陈述句”结构中祈使句表示条件。
U your head, and you’ll find a way.
动动脑子,就能找到办法。
2). “the +比较级,the +比较级”中,前半部分表示条件。
The more one has, the more one wants.
4.分词短语表示条件
Looking down over the plain from the top of the mountain, you will find its vastness.
从山顶俯瞰平原,你就可以发现它辽阔无比。
Seen from the high mountain, the field in which wheat is growing would look like a great green a.
5.动词不定式短语表示条件(不大常见)
To look at him, you could hardly help laughing.
看到他你就会忍不住笑起来。
You would be a fool to refu his offer.
宝宝食谱
拒绝他的帮助就是傻子。
6.介词短语表示条件
1). with “如果有…”
With timely help they could have fullfilled the task on time.
如果有及时的帮助,他们就能按时完成任务了。
建筑毕业设计2).without “如果没有…”
There is no smoke without fire.
无风不起浪。(谚)
3). In ca of “假如,万一”
In ca of fire, ring the alarm bell.
万一起火,就按警铃。
凛然的意思4).but for “若不是…,如果没有…”(主要用于虚拟语气)
But for their aid, we couldn’t have pasd through the crisis.
如果没有他们的援助,我们是不可能渡过这场危机的。
5).apart from “若不是…,除了…之外”
羞愤There can be no knowledge apart from practice.
知识离不开实践。
7.名词短语不是条件
Five minute earlier, and you would have en the manager.
早来五分钟的话,你就能见到经理了。
8.独立主格结构表示条件
Time permitting, we’ll go for a walk.
时间允许的话,我们去散步。