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| 三个子 Materialism and mentalism - the philosophies of `nothing but.' How wearily familiar we have become with that `nothing but space, time, matter and motion', that `nothing but x', that `nothing but economics'! And the no less intolerant `nothing but spirit', `nothing but consciousness', `nothing but psychology' - how boring and tiresome they also are! `Nothing but' is mean as well as stupid. It lacks generosity. Enough of `nothing but'. It is time to say again, with primitive common n (but for better reasons), `not only, but also'. | 喜羊羊与灰太狼吧 唯物论和唯心论，是“只有”的两种哲学。我们都熟悉到厌烦了，只有空间、时间、物质和运动，只有性，只有经济学。同时，我们对“只有精神，只有意识，只有心理学”无法忍受。这些是多么无聊和讨厌啊！“只有”既卑劣又愚蠢，毫无慷慨之心。“只有”够了，带着最简单的常识（倘若没有更好的理由），是时候该再次重申 “不仅，而且 ”了。 适宜造句 |
Outside my window the night is struggling to wake; in the moonlight, the blinded garden dreams so vividly of its lost colours that the black ros are almost crimson, the trees stand expectantly on the verge of living greenness. The white-washed parapet of the terrace is brilliant against the dark-blue sky. (Does the oasis lie there below, and, beyond the last of the palm trees, is that the dert?) The white walls of the hou coldly reverberate the lunar radiance. (Shall I turn to look at the Dolomites rising naked out of the long slopes of snow?) The moon is full. And not only full, but also beautiful. And not only beautiful, but also . . . | 营销方式窗外，夜色正挣扎着醒过来。月光之下，黑暗中的花园做了一个生动的梦，竟梦到花儿失去了色彩，黑玫瑰变成了深红色。树儿们正极力挽留着最后一丝绿意。在深蓝色天空辉映下，阳台上的白色护栏格外耀眼。（除了几颗棕榈树之外，在那下面躺着一块绿洲吗？它是沙漠吗？）房子里雪白的墙壁冰冷的回应着月亮的余辉。（我应该转身去看那长雪坡上升起的秃白云岩吗？）月色丰盈，不仅丰盈，而且唯美，不仅唯美，而且…… |
Socrates was accud by his enemies of having affirmed, heretically, that the moon was a stone. He denied the accusation. All men, said he, know that the moon is a god, and he agreed with all men. As an answer to the materialistic philosophy of `nothing but' his retort was nsible and even scientific. More nsible and scientific, for instance, than the retort invented by D. H. Lawrence in that strange book, so true in its psychological substance, so preposterous, very often, in its pudo-scientific, form, Fantasia of the Unconscious. `The moon,' writes Lawrence `certainly isn't a snowy cold world, like a world of our own gone cold. Nonn. It is a globe of dynamic substance, like radium, or phosphorus, coagulated upon a vivid pole of energy.' The defect of this statement is that it happens to be demonstrably untrue. The moon is quite certainly not made of radium or phosphorus. The moon is, materially, `a stone'. Lawrence was angry (and he did well to be angry) with the nothing-but philosophers who insist that the moon is only a stone. He knew that it was something more; he had the empirical certainty of its deep significance and importance. But he tried to explain this empirically established fact of its significance in the wrong termsin terms of matter and not of spirit. To say that the moon is made of radium is nonn. But to say, with Socrates, that it is made of god-stuff is strictly accurate. For there is nothing, of cour, to prevent the moon from being both a stone and a god. The evidence for its stoniness and against its radiuminess may be found in any children's encyclopaedia. It carries an absolute conviction. No less convincing, however, is the evidence for the moon's divinity. It may be extracted from our own experiences, from the writings of the poets, and, in fragments, even from certain textbooks of physiology and medicine. | 苏格拉底因肯定异端说而遭到对手的控诉，他认为月亮是一块石头。他否定这一控诉。并说所有的人都知道月亮是神，并且他也同意大家的看法。作为对唯物主义哲学“只有”的回答，他的反驳是明智甚至科学的。譬如，他比大卫·赫伯特·劳伦斯在他那本奇怪的书中编造的反驳更加明智和科学。就心理学而言，它是如此真实；就伪科学而言，通常情况下，它又是如此荒谬，一种无意识的幻想。劳伦斯写道，月亮当然不是一个雪白寒冷的世界，倒像是一个失去寒冷的世界。胡说八道！它是一个动态物质的球体，像镭或磷，凝结于一个能源活跃的极点。这句话的缺陷在于，它毫无疑问是假的。显然，月亮当然不是由镭或磷组成的。从物质上看，月亮是一块“石头”。劳伦斯很生气（他确实应该生气）这些“只有”哲学家，坚持认为月亮仅仅只是一块石头。他知道其实远不止这些；经验告诉他这其中有重大的的意义。但是，他试图用物质方面的术语而不是精神上的术语，来解释这个经验主义上既成事实的重要性。说月亮是由镭组成的完全是胡说八道。但是，像苏格拉底所说的，月亮是由某种神性的东西组成的，严格来说是很精确的。当然，没有任何东西可以使得月亮成为一块石头或神。在任何一本儿童百科全书中，你都可以找到支持月亮是一块石头而不是神的证据，绝对让您深信。然而，关于月亮神性方面的证据依然令人信服。这也许是从我们的经验中，从诗人的作品中，从零碎的思想中，甚至从心理学和医学的教科书中，总结出来的。 |
But what is this `divinity'? How shall we define a `god'? Expresd in psychological terms (which are primary - there is no getting behind them), a god is something that gives us the peculiar kind of feeling which Professor Otto has called `numinous' (from the Latin numen, a supernatural being). Numinous feelings are the original god-stufl', from which the theory-making mind extracts the individualized gods of the pantheons, the various attributes of the One. Once formulated; a theology evokes in its turn numinous feelings. Thus, men's terrors in face of the enigmatically dangerous univer led them to postulate the existence of angry gods; and, later; thinking about angry gods made them feel terror, even when the univer was giving them, for the moment, no cau of alarm. Emotion, rationalization, emotion - the process is circular and continuous. Man's religious life works on the principle of a hot-water system. | 但是，什么是“神性”呢？我们该如何定义“神”呢？用心理学术语来说（主要是没有出处），神是一种给我们奇妙感觉的东西，奥托教授把它叫作“超自然的”（来自拉丁语的守护神，超自然的人）。神圣的感觉是最原始的神性的东西，理论家从诸神中，从各种神的属性中，提炼出个性化的神。神学一旦形成，它唤起了其本身神圣的感觉。因此人们面对神秘危险的宇宙时，所表现出来的恐怖，使得他们认为愤怒诸神的存在，进而想象这些愤怒诸神让他们更觉害怕。甚至，宇宙暂时给予他们的恐慌、理性、情感都没有缘由，这个过程循环往复、持续不断。人们的宗教生活按照一种热水系统进行。 |
The moon is a stone; but it is a highly numinous stone. Or, to be more preci, it is a stone about which and becau of which men and women have numinous feelings. Thus, there is a soft moonlight that can give us the peace that pass understanding. There is a moonlight that inspires a kind of awe. There is a cold and austere moonlight that tells the soul of its loneliness and desperate isolation, its insignificance or its uncleanness. There is an amorous moonlight prompting to love - to love not only for an individual but sometimes even for the whole univer. But the moon shines on the body as well as, through the windows of the eyes, within the mind. It affects the soul directly; but it can affect it also by obscure and circuitous ways - through the blood. 超级国王游戏Half the human race lives in manifest obedience to the lunar rhythm; and there is evidence to show that the physiological and therefore the spiritual life, not only of women, but of men too, mysteriously ebbs and flows with the changes of the moon. There are unreasoned joys, inexplicable miries, laughters and remors without a cau. Their sudden and fantastic alternations constitute the ordinary weather of our minds.好习惯成就好未来 The moods, of which the more gravely numinous may be hypostasized as gods, the lighter, if we will, as hobgoblins and fairies, are the children of the blood and humours. But the blood and humours obey, among many other masters, the changing moon. Touching the soul directly through the eyes and, indirectly, along the dark channels of the blood, the moon is doubly a divinity. Even dogs and wolves, to judge at least by their nocturnal howlings, em to feel in some dim bestial fashion a kind of numinous emotion about the full moon. Artemis, the goddess of wild things, is identified in the later mythology with Selene. | 月亮是一块石头；但是一块极其神圣的石头。或者，更精确地说，它是关于男人和女人有着超自然感觉的石头。因而，柔软温和的月光给我们一种超越理解的平静，激起了我们的敬畏之心。冷漠严峻的月光向我们讲述了一个孤独绝望的灵魂，一颗毫无价值和罪恶污秽的灵魂。情意绵绵的月光唤醒了人们的爱，不仅仅是爱人，有时甚至爱整个宇宙。月光照在人的身体上，穿过眼睛之窗，进入大脑。直接影响灵魂。但它也可以通过模糊迂回的方式，即通过血液影响灵魂。一半人类明显按照月戒律生活，有证据表明，不仅女性，而且男性的生理和精神上的生活，随着月亮的变化，而潮起潮落。这种现象十分神秘。没有理由的快乐、无法解释的痛苦、莫名其妙的大笑和懊悔。这些突然而神秘的变化构成了一副普通的大脑情绪图，这些情绪是血液和体液的产物，其中，我们把严肃神圣的想象成神，稍微不是那么严肃的想象成精灵和妖怪。但是，血液和体液有很多主人，不断变化的月亮就是其中一个。通过眼睛直接触摸灵魂，间接地沿着血液黑暗的通道，此刻你会认为月亮是双重的神。即使根据狗和狼彻夜的嚎叫，至少似乎感觉到多少有点对满月黑暗兽性般的超自然的情感。阿耳特弥斯，疯狂事物的女神，在后来的神话中，被确定为月亮女神。 |
Even if we think of the moon as only a stone, we shall find its very stoniness potentially a numen. A stone gone cold. An airless, waterless stone and the prophetic image of our own earth when, some few million years from now, the nescent sun shall have lost its prent And so on. This passage could easily be prolonged-a Study in Purple. But I forbear. Let every reader lay on as much of the royal rhetorical colour as he finds to his taste. Anyhow, purple or no purple, there the stone is-stony. You cannot think about it for long without finding, yourlf invaded by one or other of veral esntially numinous ntiments. The ntiments belong to one or other of two contrasted and complementary groups. The name of the first family is Sentiments of Human Insignificance, of the cond, Sentiments of Human Greatness. Meditating on that derelict stone afloat there in the abyss, you may feel most numinously a worm, abject and futile in the face of wholly incomprehensible immensities. "The silence of tho infinite spaces frightens me." | 即使我们把月亮看作一块石头，也许会发现它的冷漠，它可能是一位守护神。一块没有温暖的石头、缺乏空气和水的石头。在几百万年前，它是预测地球的先知。日渐衰老的太阳已经失去了它现在积蓄的力量，不久，这段话很快就会成为人们不断探讨的华而不实的话题。但是，我克制自己，让每个读者按照自己的观点，去尽可能多的涂抹出更多修辞色彩。无论如何，华丽不华丽，石头还是是石头。你不能无所发现而沉溺于思考之中，你自己被一种或其它超自然情感所吞没。这些情感属于一种或其它两种对比互补类型。第一类叫做人类无价值的情感，第二类叫做人类伟大的情感。对于那个处于深渊中，被抛弃了的，漂浮在地上的石头的冥想，你会强烈感受到超自然的存在，就像一只蠕虫，在面对绝对无限的浩瀚时空时，表现出来的可怜和无助。“这些无限空间的沉寂让我感到害怕。” |
You may feel as Pascal felt. Or, alternatively, you may feel as M. Paul Valery has said that he feels. "The silence of tho infinite spaces does not frighten me." For the spectacle of that stony astronomical moon need not necessarily make you feel like a worm. It may, on the contrary, cau you to rejoice exultantly in your manhood. There floats the stone, the nearest and most familiar symbol of all the astronomical horrors; but the astronomers who discovered tho horrors of space and time were men. The univer throws down a challenge to the human spirit; in spite of his insignificance and abjection, man has taken it up. The stone glares down at us out of the black boundlessness, a memento mori. But the fact that we know it for a memento mori justifies us in feeling a certain human pride. We have a right to our moods of sober exultation. | 你也许会像帕斯卡尔感觉的那样，或者，换种说法，你也许会像保罗·瓦雷先生所说的那样，“那无限空间的沉寂确实让我感到害怕。”因为，那像石头的、什么是遗传 知柏地黄丸副作用天文学上的月亮并不一定让你感觉像一只蠕虫一样。相反地，也许它让你在成长中感到欣喜若狂。石头就在那里，它是离天文学上的恐怖最近和最熟悉的标志。但是那些发现了空间和时间的恐怖天文学家是人类。宇宙给人类精神抛出了一个挑战。尽管它微不足道和潦倒落魄，人类还是接受了这个挑战。这块石头怒视着我们，让我们摆脱了黑暗中的无穷无尽，这种无穷无尽让人联想到死亡之物。但事实是，由于这点让我们感受到了某种人类自豪感的合法性，我们有表达清醒狂喜情绪的权利。 |
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