2020届二轮复习 阅读理解中细节理解—间接信息题考查解读
【题型解读】
1．话题特点
细节理解题在上海高考试卷中常考查间接信息理解类的话题有：(1)人物类；(2)故事类；(3)文化教育类；(4)史地自然类；(5)社会生活类；(6)科普说明类。剩余劳动
2．设问形式
特殊疑问句形式或填空形式：
(1)According to the author/passage，...
(2)What can we ?
(3)What was the ?
二、解题技巧——“断章取义”定答案
第一步：阅读题干，确定关键词，锁定原文相关信息；
第二步：定位题干关键词的转换形式；
第三步：利用正确选项特征，确定答案。
正确选项特征：
传家宝作文
(1)用同义或近义词复现。如【真题感悟】第21题题干中book in advance“提前预定”与原文中“Rerve your spot before availability—and the cherry blossoms—disappear(在有效期和樱花消失前预约)．”意思相同，可知答案为A项。
(2)同根词或原词复现。
(3)语言简化。简化原文中的复杂语言现象，并设置为答案。
(4)反义词复现。把原文中的意思反过来表达。
【课堂限时训练】
无畏的希望
A
Natalie Trayling is a famous street artist in Melbourne. At first，tho who happened to pass by her and spare some change didn’t even realize what a musical 1genius was playing. The emotional tune was not only masterfully played but also compod by Natalie herlf when she was only 14.Gradually，as long as she appears，people will stop，absorbed in her music. Her music makes you think about calmness，the good things in life，and never giving up.
立隋
But what people do not know is that behind the beautiful music of the old woman，it is full of bitterness. At the age of 12，she won a music 2scholarship at Santa Maria College. At 15 she knocked back a scholarship to the Royal Academy of Music in London becau her parents couldn’t pay non-tuition costs. When she left school，she taught piano at Santa Maria. Later she met her husband，Denis. They had four children，but the two of them died. In 1984，Denis asked for a divorce. Natalie’s son，Nathan，was given medication for depression. Natalie lived either outdoors in Royal Park or in boardin
g hous for nine years. In late 2003 Natalie collapd with anaemia(贫血) and was hospitalized for six months.
For half a century，Natalie has been 3tead by fate. But even so，she never gave up her love for music. When asked why music was so important to her，she said，“Music is everything. I do feel part of it. The whole world is music.”
When Natalie went on the Internet，she became a sign of Melbourne. People are impresd by her 4persistence in dreams and the optimism of life. Now she is no longer wandering around. She can play the piano at any time，but as long as the weather is good，she will walk to the streets of Melbourne，and play a 9touching melody for the rush of the city.
借髢髢语篇解读 本文介绍了澳大利亚墨尔本一位坚强、勇敢的街头艺术家Natalie Trayling。
1．Why is Natalie’s music so touching to the pasrs-by?
A．It is full of bitterness. B．She compod it herlf.
C．It’s a reflection of her own life. D．It reminds them of the beauty of life.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句可知，路人听到娜塔莉的演奏都会驻足聆听，因为娜塔莉的乐声让你沉静下来，思考生命中那些美好的事物，让你觉得永远都不要放弃。故选D。
2．Which of the following can replace the underlined words “knocked back” in Paragraph 2?
A．Gave up. B．Obtained.
C．Accepted. D．Was awarded.
答案 A
解析 词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的“becau her parents couldn’t pay non-tuition costs”可知，娜塔莉在15岁时拒绝了伦敦皇家音乐学院的奖学金，因为她的父母负担不起
学费以外的费用。故选A。
3．What does music mean to Natalie?
A．It’s her hobby.
B．It’s the source of her misfortune.
C．It is part of her life.
D．It’s a way to earn a living.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Music is everything.I do feel part of it.The whole world is music.”可知，对娜塔莉而言，音乐就是一切，她觉得自己是它的一部分，音乐是全世界。故选C。
4．What does the author try to tell us?
A．Natalie is a musical genius.
B．Life is not easy for everyone.
C．Never give up halfway.
D．Natalie has a strong and brave heart.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段得知娜塔莉在网上走红后，一下子成了墨尔本的标志。人们被她对梦想的执着和对生活的乐观精神所打动。说明作者想通过本文向我们介绍墨尔本坚强、勇敢的街头艺术家娜塔莉。故选D。
B
Honesty is the best policy. We may agree that admitting mistakes and behaving in a genuine way is the right way to lead our lives，but is there something in our human nature that makes us immoral？For example，in some shops and car parks you can find
an honesty box—a box where you pay for something by putting money in it—but it relies on you to put the right amount of cash in. This relies on people being honest and not trying to cheat but it does provide a 5temptation to 6get away with not paying the full amount.
Philip Graves，a psychologist，suggests that this temptation is part of our 7evolution.He says，“We have evolved with the ability to be dishonest. It’s part of our evolutionary psychological make-up—becau if we can gain an advantage over the people around us，we have a greater chance of surviving.”
幼儿园三年发展规划So why do we place such importance on being honest if we benefit from being dishonest? It’s becau it is lfish behavior. If everybody acted lfishly and dishonestly all the time，the world would be a very unpleasant place. As Philip Graves says，“There is a balance to strike between the extent to which we can feather our own nest，so to speak，and the risk of being ostracized(排斥) by the group.” So，for societies to work together we need to trust each other and therefore we need to be honest.
诚实守信
Being trustworthy with money is of cour vital for an economy to survive. But being honest with words is another matter，saying what we think to someone can get us into hot water. However，a new anonymous messaging app has been designed that lets anyone with a link to your profile(简介) to nd you a message without knowing who it’s from. The app now has 300 million urs which perhaps indicates how honest we really like to be—but in all honesty，do you want to know what people think about you? Is honesty always the best policy?
