Lesson 37 The Olympic Games
【New words and expressions】（9）
Olympic adj. 奥林匹克的
hold v. 召开
government n. 政府
immen adj. 巨⼤的
stadium n. 露天体育场
standard n. 标准
香山红叶红满天capital n. ⾸都
fantastic adj. 巨⼤的
design v. 设计
★Olympic adj. 奥林匹克的
the Olympic games 奥林匹克运动会（简称the Games，⼀般⼤型运动会⽤games)★hold (held，held) v. 召开
① vt. 拿着，抓住，抱住
Plea hold the bady while I take off my coat.
Why are you holding my bag?
②容纳，装得下，包含
This cup can’t hold much water. 这杯⼦装不了多少⽔。
The stadium can hold 20,000 people.
③举⾏，进⾏（会议、会谈等）；庆祝（节⽇）；纪念
have a meeting = hold a meeting 召开会议
hold习惯⽤被动：
The Olympic games will be held in China in 2008. (two thousand eight)
A festival is held at Edinburgh every year. 节⽇庆典每年在爱丁堡举⾏⼀次.
We are going to hold a meeting tomorrow to discuss the subject.
明天我们准备开⼀次会来讨论这个议题.
朝思暮想的近义词The next conference will be held in Geneva. 下次会议将在⽇内⽡举⾏.
干锅手撕鸡★immen [i5mens] adj. 巨⼤的
★fantastic adj. 巨⼤的
immen adj. 极⼤的, ⽆边的, ⼀望⽆际的
The univer is immen.
immen ocean
big adj.（⼀般的）⼤的
big man ⼤⼈物
large adj. 数量的⼤, 尺⼨的⼤
large man ⼤块头
great adj. 伟⼤的, 重要的
great man 伟⼈
huge [hju:dV] adj.(体积的)巨⼤的, 庞⼤，极⼤的, ⽆限的
fantastic [fAn5tAstik] adj. 巨⼤的(建筑等，表惊叹)，好极的, 宏伟的
★stadium n. 露天体育场
playground n. 操场
sports field 运动场, 体育场（sports 各种各样的运动）
gymnasium [dVim5neiziEm, ^im5nB:ziEm]=gym [dVim] n. 健⾝房，体育馆；体育篮球场 gym ；⾜球场 stadium
★standard n. 标准
high standard ⾼标准
Olympic-standard 奥林匹克标准(运动会中的标准)（复合形容词：形容词+名词）★capital n. ⾸都
capital adj. ⼤写的, 重要的
capital punishment 极刑 (punishment [5pQniFmEnt] n.惩罚, 处罚, 惩处)
hot at 电椅（国外的极刑）
★design v. 设计
① vt. &vi. 设计图样
George has designed a new bridge.
② vt. &vi. 打算（做……），计划
He designed to enter for the competition.
This book is designed for foreign tourist.
③ n. 图样，图纸；设计
Susan has just drawn a design for a new dress.
Here is the design of the new hou.
designer n. 设计师
well－designed 设计不错的（复合形容词：副词+过去分词）
【Text】
The Olympic Games will be held in our country in four years' time. As a great many people will be visiting the country, the government will be building new hotels, an immen stadium, and a new Olympic-standard swimming pool. They will also be building new roads and a special railway line. The Games will be held just outside the capital and the whole area will be called 'Olympic City'. Workers will have completed the new roads by the end of this year. By the end of next year, they will have finished work on the new stadium. The fantastic modern buildings have been designed by Kurt
Gunter. Everybody will be watching anxiously as the new buildings go up. We are all very excited and are looking forward to the Olympic Games becau they have never been held before in this country.
参考译⽂
4年以后, 奥林匹克运动会将在我们国家举⾏. 由于将有⼤批的⼈到我们国家来, 所以政府准备建造⼀些新的饭店、⼀个⼤型体育场和⼀个新的奥运会标准游泳池. 他们还将修筑⼀些新的道路和⼀条铁路专线. 奥运会就在⾸都市郊举办, 整个地区将被称作“奥林匹克城” . ⼯⼈们将在今年年底前把新路铺好; 到明年年底, 他们将把新体育场建成. 这些巨⼤的现代化建筑是由库尔特·冈特设计的. ⼤家都将急切地注视着新建筑的建成. 我们都⾮常激动, 盼望着奥运会的到来, 因为在这个国家⾥还从未举办过奥运会.
【课⽂讲解】
1、The Olympic Games will be held in our country in four years' time.
in four years’ time 四年之后（in常与将来时连⽤表⽰“……时间之后”）
He will be back in ten minutes or half an hour.
four years later 四年后
four years ago 四年前
2、As a great many people will be visiting the country, the government will be building new hotels, an immen stadium, and
a new Olympic-standard swimming pool.
as/becau原因，as是连词，引出原因状语从句，as⽤于表⽰原因时通常位于句⾸，它所表明的原因对于讲话对象可能是已知的，因此没必要再予以强调。becau任何时候都可代替as，来说明⼀种或⼏种原因，但as则不⼀定总能代替becau。becau⼀般跟在主句后⾯，强调讲话的对象可能不知道的原因。
As you can’t type the letter yourlf, you’ll have to ask Susan to do it for you.
Jim’s trying to save more money becau he wants to buy a car.
a large number of people = a great many people ⼤批的⼈
an immen stadium ⼀个⼤型体育场
a new Olympic-standard swimming pool ⼀个新的奥运会标准的游泳池
3、They will also be building new roads and a special railway line.
be building 修建
a special railway-line 专线铁路
4、Workers will have completed the new roads by the end of this year.
by the end of this year 到今年年底前
by the end of next year 到明年年底前
by是完成时的标志, 表⽰“到……为⽌，在……之前，并不晚于某时的任何时间”，不能与表⽰⼀段时间的名词名词连⽤，只能与表⽰时间点的名词或词组连⽤，⽤于肯定句与⽤于否定句有⼀定区别。
I’ll have left by Monday. 到星期⼀我将已离开。（星期⼀之前的任何时间）
I won’t have left by Monday. 我星期⼀之前不会离开。（星期⼀还在）
5、Everybody will be watching anxiously as the new buildings go up.
as是连词，相当于while，当“当，正值”讲，引出时间状语从句，它引导的从句虽然表⽰将来的动作但要⽤⼀般现在时，不能⽤ “…will go up”
be built强调建造；go up （建筑物）被兴建起来，拔地⽽起
Many new hous are going up in this district.
元夕古诗6、We are all very excited and are looking forward to the Olympic Games becau they have never been held before in this country.
look forward to+n./pron./doing sth. (很⾼兴的)盼望，期待
look forward to…与expect(期待)的区别是expect没有⾼不⾼兴的成分
Look forward to your letter.
【Letter Writing】
在信的地址下⾯必须写上完整的⽇期。⽇期有两种写法，如：17th April, 19-；April 17th 19-，数字写法如下：1st（1⽇）；2nd（2⽇）；3rd（3⽇）；4th（4⽇）等。
【Key structures】
⼀般将来完成时
⼀般将来时除了可以⽤来预⾔将来发⽣的事以外，还可以表⽰“意愿”，如允诺、建议、请求、提议等。
The radio hasn’t been mended yet. Never mind! I’ll mend it for you. （允诺）
Will you open the door for me plea! （请求）微缩景观
Shall we go for a swim tomorrow? （建议）
将来进⾏时除了表⽰最近或不久的将来正在进⾏的动作外，还可以表⽰计划或安排好的事：
A great many people will be visiting the country.
将来完成时⽤于表⽰到将来某⼀时刻已经完成的动作。将来完成时由will have+过去分词构成。它常与by和not…till/until+表⽰时间的名词连⽤。
I hope they’ll have finished it in time for the journey.
I expect you will have changed your mind by tomorrow.
I will have finished it until/till tomorrow.
现在完成式 : 到现在某⼀点时间为⽌
过去完成式 : 到过去某⼀点时间为⽌
将来完成式 : 到将来某⼀点时间为⽌, 某个动作已经发⽣
【Special Difficulties】
Look的短语
Look forward to (expect with pleasure) (⾼兴地)盼望，期待着（to为介词后⾯只能跟名词、代词和动名词，不能接动词原形）I am looking forward to the summer holidays. 我正盼望暑假的到来.
I look forward to eing to you during the weekend.
Look out (be careful) 当⼼ (注意)，留神
Look out! A bus is coming. 当⼼点, 公共汽车来了.
You should always look out when you walk across a road.
Look out of 朝外看
Don’t look out of the window.
Look up
① (get information from a reference book) 查阅 (从参考书中获取资料)
I don't understand this word. I shall look it up in a dictionary.
我不懂这个词的词义, 我要查⼀下字典.
② (visit) 拜访，看望
Don't forget to look me up when you return. 回来时别忘了来看我.
I’m going to look up Mary this afternoon.
Exerci 练习⽤hold或look的正确形式填空 :
4 The students' union ______ an interesting debate on capital punishment yesterday.
师娟子5 My friend Ingrid lives in Stockholm. Why don't you ______ her______ when you're there?
6 Examinations will be ______ next week. I'm not ______ them.
4. held
debate on … 辩论…… （debate [di5beit] v. 争论, 辩论；n. 争论, 辩论）
union [5ju:njEn] n. 联合，合并，结合，联盟，协会
⼝语过程三步：dialogue(对话)；discussion(讨论)；debate(争论)
capital n. ⾸都；⼤写
5. look (her) up
look (sb.) up : 拜访, 看看, 在英⽂中并不⼀定是很正式的, 只是去看看的意思
6. held；looking forward to
hold an exam 举⾏考试
take the exam 接受考试
【Multiple choice questions】
4 By the end of next year they will have finished the new stadium. This means they will finish it ___b___ the end of next year.
a. at
b. before
c. after
d. long before
by=before 到……为⽌, 在……之前, 不迟于
long before 在之前很久苗木购销合同
7 We are looking forward to the Olympic Games, ___a___ they have never been held before in this country.
a. for
b. why
c. becau of
d. due to
becau强调后⾯的是原因，后跟句⼦
becau of 因为……（介词短语，不会加句⼦）
why不能直接做连词
due to + 名词由于……（介词短语，不会加句⼦）
His success is due to his hard work.
12 We are looking forward to the Games. So we will be ___a___ when they begin.香卤鸡爪
a. plead
b. unhappy
c. sorry
d. impatient
be plead 感到⾼兴地, 令⼈满意地
be plead to do sth. 乐于做某事
impatient [im5peiFEnt] adj. 不耐烦的, 急躁的, 不耐⼼的
