文献出处: Phillip Yetton. The Study of Construction Organization Design [J]. International Journal of Project Management, 2015, 9(2): 33-43.
原文原文
The Study of Construction Organization Design
Author: Phillip Yetton
Abstract
Building construction is a complex work, huge building products, the production cycle is long, is a collection of architectural art, architecture, function, structure, decoration, water supply, power supply, intelligent system for a wind. Need to complete a project unit, type of work well together, and in the process of implementing, also under the influence of various subjective and objective conditions around. In order to meet the quality, cost, time limit for a project, under the premi of safety goal task to complete a project, must according to the requirement of the construction unit and the characteristics of the propod construction project, the various raw materials on the basis of full investigation, compile an ud to guide the whole process of technology, economy and management of project construction comprehensive document, this document is the construction organization
Keywords: Construction; Organization design; Project cost
1 Introduction
Construction organization design is a construction project for the object establishment, to guide the project bidding, construction contracts, construction preparation, construction installation until the whole process of the final acceptance of the technology, economy and management comprehensive document, is to ensure that project smooth implementation effective programmatic document. Construction organization design is proper or not, will directly relate to the quality of the propod construction project, cost, time limit, safety, etc. The smooth realization of the intended target. With the development of The Times, modern engineering project scale and the demand is higher and higher, project management has become increasingly complex, and the construction organization design also put forward higher requirements. The construction organization design, construction organization
design in the bidding documents, also known as technical standard, but the construction organization design not only contains the content of the construction
生物必修二目录technology, but also covers the project management and investment control, is a
comprehensive document. In the beginning ud for planned economy in our country
s construction organization design, during the cour of decades of operation, to
standardize the project management has played a vital role. At prent, the
construction organization design has become a indispensable in the bidding and the construction of the organization of a file. But in the process of establishment and implementation of the construction organization design, try to guide due to lack of special specifications, different regions, different enterpris of different construction organization and design of the propod requirements, combined with different construction enterpri management level, the differences between the technology and equipment, and personnel quality, leading to the establishment and management of construction organization design is uneven, at prent still exist, such as the contents stylized, generalization, and perform a ries of problems such as too casual, the are riously affecting the normal role in the construction organization design and construction enterpri trans-regional management bring certain difficulties.
2 Construction organization designs of the application and development
In 1928, the Soviet union in the process of building the Diaper river hydropower station, construction personnel compiled the first relatively complete construction organization design, through the implementation has obtained the remarkable result, then t up the specialized rearch institute for the study of the theory of the construction organization design and promotion to the practice of project management step by step. In the 1940 s, the United States will develop the first atomic bomb mission as a project to manage, named "Manhattan project", but only pay attention to the project management plan and coordination. Appeared in the late 1950 s, the United States on the key route method (CPM) and program evaluation and review technique (PERT), and other new technology, marked the project management method has formed some scientific system, but this time is mainly ud in national defen industry. Will promote system rearch project management as a discipline began in
爱国者录音笔
the 1960 s, in Europe as the main body of international project management association (IPMA) and American project management institute (PMI) in which a
large amount of effective work, in order to promote the development of project
management has played a positive role. In the 70 s of the 20th century, project
management rapidly around the world, the application scope is from the military and
aerospace project extended to the general civil projects. In addition to plan, coordinate,
大香蕉一人在线control, project management of contracts, progress, safety, cost, quality, risk, etc are given more attention, gradually formed the framework of modern project management. At prent, the project management to become the international architectural project construction management general form.
In the field of engineering construction, the appearance of many new changes in the construction organization and management: the project legal person responsibility system, the establishment of the system of bidding and project supervision system, combining government guidance price and the market price of construction market price reform, such as "FID1C contract conditions", computer application as the core of the development of modern management mode, etc., this a ries of changes have put forward the new requirements of construction organization design, construction organization design is a new trend of development. Main show is: combined with design; With the advanced construction technology, construction method; The widely ud of computers and network, the development trend of construction organization design, is to meet the needs of the construction e
汽车营销
nterpri market share. In a word, the requirement of the construction contract and the requirements of the construction enterpri benefit maximization.
3 The basic theory of construction organization design
3.1 The construction organization design task and role
Construction organization design is planning to guide the whole process from construction preparation until the completion inspection and acceptance of the propod construction project of the technology, economy and management of comprehensive files. It should reflect the design and u requirements of the propod construction project on the one hand, on the other hand and accords with the objective
law of construction, the construction process have the effect of strategy or tactics. Overall planning, formulation of construction organization design must fully consider
the actual situation and construction of the propod construction project
characteristics, scientific and reasonable organization construction, make full u of
space, time and other factors, the u of advanced construction methods and
construction technology, strive for with the minimum consumption of manpower and中学生运动会
女性吃金蝉有什么好处material resources and other resources to obtain the best economic benefits.
3.2 The content of the construction organization design
According to the engineering properties, scale, structure characteristics, technical
complexity, construction conditions and demands of the construction unit, the depth of
磨砂洗面奶
the construction organization design and content is also different, but a complete profile should include compilation basis, project construction organization design, construction deployment, construction progress plan, construction preparation and resource allocation plan, main construction scheme, construction site layout and construction management plan, etc.
Compilation basis is an important part of the construction organization design, is
to determine the construction organization design, the premi of other content on the
basis of accurate or not is related to the establishment can work smoothly and the quality is good or
bad, related to the construction organization design can better play the role of guidance in the construction. Project summary is equivalent to the total of the propod construction project, this paper mainly introduces general situation of engineering construction, the professional design and construction conditions. Deployment of construction is the construction organization design of the programmatic document, is to the whole project implementation process to make overall planning and reasonable arrangement, including project management
organization, project management goal, the construction task partitioning, the period of the division of water and the construction process, key and the difficulty in the construction and countermeasures, etc. The construction organization design construction deployment for other content, you need to write. Construction schedule plan is to ensure to achieve the goals of the construction period, starting and ending
time of various construction process of the construction quence, and the mutual connection relationship of overall planning and arrangement, generally in the form of
crossing graph or network graph to express, is the basis of all kinds of resource
allocation plan, etc.
4 The implementation of the construction organization design
The compilation of construction organization design is only for the
implementation of the propod project provides a feasible scheme. How the plan detailed technical and economic effect, but also must through the implementation of the project to verify. The enforcement of the construction organization design, which will develop a plan of the static scheme, in a constantly changing dynamic construction environment, whether the inspection effect to the expected goal. So the construction organization design and implement of far-reaching significance for the realization of the project goals should do the following veral aspects:
4.1 Clarification construction organization design
After the construction organization design has been verified, before formally
started to make a detailed technical clarification step by step and fill in the
"construction organization design disclosure form". Disclosure by clarification will,
written disclosure forms, such as focus on the content of the construction organization design, requir
ements, difficulties and guarantee measures step by step to implement down, at the same time for all involved in the project construction under the guidance of related units in total control, to develop a more detailed work plan, ensure the implementation of the construction organization design.1加1等于多少
4.2 Improve the system of enterpri management
Practice has proved that construction organization design can be implemented
smoothly, to a large extent depends on the construction enterpri technology,
management of quality and enterpri management level, establish and perfect the management system of the construction enterpris of various or not is the sign of enterpri quality and staff level. Only by construction enterpris to establish and perfect the reasonable management system and strictly enforced, to ensure the normal implementation of construction projects, ensure the smooth implementation of
