初中英语阅读理解词义猜测专题
☆词义猜测题
要根据上下文的语境进行合理判断，切忌盲目选择自己认识或熟悉的意思。也就是要正确理解短文中个别关键词，可利用同义词、近义词及给定义等方法推测词义，甚至在通篇理解的基础上推测并发现所给生词的词义。这需要有意识地训练并最终具备这种不用字典而通过上下文来认识生词的能力。
技巧：
通常，猜测词义题常用下面这八种方法：
方法一：构词法
根据一部分英语单词的词根，观察词头（前缀）或词尾（后缀）来猜词义。
方法二：根据上下文的意思来猜测
As they go around town, the police help people. Sometimes they find lost children. They take the children home. If the police e a fight, they put an end to it right away. In the text, “put an end to” means “______”.
A. stop
B. cut
C. kill
D. fly
方法三：通过同义词和反义词的关系猜词
看到“be considered as, refer to, and, or, also”等常连接同义词组的标志词时，可以根据这些标志词前后句的同义词关系猜测出词义。
例题：He is so homely, not as handsome as his brother.根据handsome我们不难推测出homely的意思，即“不好看的、不漂亮的”意思。tee7
方法四：因果关系法
看到“ becau，as，since，for，so，as a result, so, so … that, such … that 等表示前因后果关系的关联词时，根据因果关系判断出词义。
方法五：对比转折关系法
看到“but, however, instead of , unlike, yet, although …”表示转折关系的关联词
时，根据转折关系猜出词义。
方法六：生活常识法
Many plants and animals are going extinct. Mammoths, which are related (有关联的) with Asia elephants, are now extinct. There are no mammoths in the world today.
1.A mammoth is a kind of__________.
A. plant
B. bird
C. animal
D. tree
2.The underlined word “extinct” means__________.
A.出现
B.危险
黄牛党C.灭绝
D.喜欢
方法七：举例法
爱的眼泪
看到“s uch as, like, for example”等举例的标志词时，可以根据后面的例句猜测词义。例题：Today people often spend lots of money on appliances, for example, washing machines （机器）and color televisions.
根据“for example”后面的句子可以判断出词义是“家用电器”。
方法八：定义法
红豺看到“mean, be known as, be called”等标志词时，根据定义法猜测词义。
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It was a great Saturday. Though I was quite tired and my calves were really sore (I walked for about
2 hours yesterday)，I felt pretty good. I really enjoyed mylf today.
洗浴中心设计The underlined word “calves” means________in Chine.
大度16开
A．胸脯B．手腕C．小腿D．肩膀
组织部职能答案(C)
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Linda was a sixteen-year-old girl in Canada. She was feeling bad for veral days. Her mother took her to a hospital and the doctors found out that she had cancer.
Linda's life changed. She began to go to the hospital often for treatment(治疗)，and she also became depresd．
What does the underlined word “depresd” mean in Paragraph 2?
A．Safe. B．Serious.
C．Sad. D．Angry.
答案C
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Learn something new! Have you always wanted to design your own room or learn how to swim? Go for it! New challenges(挑战) are fun and give you a n of accomplishment when you have finished them.
What do the underlined words “a n of accomplishment” mean in Chine?
A.成就感B．忧伤感C．挫折感D．信任感
答案 A
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My daughter began to go to dance competitions about two years ago. At the beginning, she had no problem at all and faced every competition. But now she has started getting a terrible headache before and during a competition. However, she still goes through with the competitions.
The underlined phras “goes through with” possibly mean ________.
A. finishes
B. leaves
我快乐C. loves
D. hates
答案A
