专业英语翻译前三章详细翻译
Chapter 1 Automotive Basics
(1) Today s average car contains more than 15,000 parate, individual parts that must work together. The parts can be grouped into four major categories: body, engine, chassis and electrical equipment 。P1
当今的车辆一般都由15000多个分散、独立且相互配合的零部件组成。这些零部件主要分
为四类：车身、发动机、底盘和电气设备。
1.1 Body
(2) The body is designed to keep pasngers safe and comfortable. The body styling provides an attractive, colorful, modern appearance for the vehicle. P2
车身的设计要保证乘客安全舒适。车身的款式使得汽车看起来漂亮迷人、色彩斑斓、时尚
前卫。
1.2 Engine
(3)The internal combustion engine is most common: this obtains its power by burning a liquid fuel inside the engine cylinder. There are two types of engine: gasoline and diel . Both engines are called heat engines; the burning fuel generates heat which caus the gas inside the cylinder to increa its pressure and supply power to rotate a shaft connected to the transmission . P3
内燃机是最常见的，其动力来自气缸里液体燃料的燃烧。发动机有汽油机和柴油机两种，都
发明家的故事称为热机燃料燃烧产生热量，使得气缸内气体压力升高，从而提供动力，带动连接变速器的
轴旋转.
2Chapter 2 Internal Combustion Engine
2。1。2 Engine Terms元宵节教案
怎么自拍
2) Linking the piston by a connecting rod to a crankshaft caus the gas to rotate the shaft through half a turn. The power stroke "us up" the gas, so means must be provided to expel the burnt gas and recharge the cylinder with a fresh petrol-air mixture: this control of gas movement is the duty of the valves; (Page 10)
活塞通过连杆和轴连接，使得气体带动轴旋转半圈。作功冲程耗尽了所有的气体，这
样就必须采取相应的措施排出废气以及向气缸内再充入新鲜的可燃混合气：气体的运动由气门来控。
2.2.1 Engine Block
1) The engine block is the basic frame of the engine. All other engine parts either fit inside it or fasten to it. It holds the cylinders, water jackets, and oil galleries. The engine block also holds the crankshaft, which fastens to the bottom of the block. (Page 13)
缸体是发动机的基体。发动机其它的部件都安装或固定在缸体上，包括气缸、水套和油道，以及固定在缸体底部的曲轴等。
2.2.2Cylinder Sleeves
2) Cylinder sleeves are ud in engine blocks to provide a hard wearing material for pistons and piston rings. The block can be made of one kind of iron that is light and easy to cast while the sleeves us another that is better able to stand up wear and tear. There are two main types
身边的风景也动人of sleeves: dry and wet. (Page 10)
缸体中的气缸套为活塞和活塞环提供了一种坚硬耐磨的材料。缸体可以采用某种重量轻且易铸造的铁来制造，而缸套使用的却是另一种更加耐磨损的材料成。主要有两种类型的气缸套：干缸套和湿缸套。
2.2.3 Cylinder Head
三点水加内>易碎标识
3) The cylinder head fastens to the top of the block, just as a roof fits over a hou. The underside forms the combustion chamber with the top of the piston. In-line engines of light vehicles have just one cylinder head for all cylinders; larger in-line engines can have
two or more. (Page 14)
气缸盖安装在缸体的顶部，就像安在房子上的屋顶一样。缸盖的下方和活塞顶部形成燃烧室。轻型车上使用的直列发动机，所有气缸仅有一个气缸盖，较大的直列发动机有两个
或更多缸盖。
2.2.5Oil Pan
4) The oil pump in the lubricating system draws oil from the oil pan and nds it to all working parts in the engine. The oil drains off and runs down into the pan. Thus, there is constant circulation of oil between the pan and the working pats of the engine. (Page 15)
润滑系的机油泵从油底壳抽出机油并把机油输送给发动机的所有工作部件。机油从油
底壳流进流出.因而在油底壳和发动机的工作部件之间就有机油定向循环流动。
32.3.2 Piston Asmbly (Page 17)
1) Most pistons are made from cast aluminum. The piston, through the connecting rod, transfers to the crankshaft the force created by the burning fuel mixture. This force turns the crankshaft.
大多数活塞由铝铸造而成。通过连杆的作用，活塞把可燃混合气燃烧产生的力传
埏埴递给曲轴，带动曲轴旋转。
1. Piston
2) In diel engines, the combustion chamber may be formed totally or in part in the piston crown, depending on method of injection. (Page 18)
柴油机发动机根据喷油方法不同，活塞头部可以形成全部燃烧室，也可以是燃烧室的一
部分．
2.Piston Rings
In modern engines, each piston has three rings. (Piston in older engines Gas Rings sometimes had four rings, or even five.) The inside surface of the ring fits in the groove on the piston. The ring's outside surface press against the cylinder walls.
在新型发动机上，每个活塞有三个活塞环。（在老式发动机上，每个活塞有四个甚至五
个活塞环）环的内侧装在活塞的环槽里，环的外表面紧压在气缸壁上。
2.3.2Connecting rod
4) The connecting rod little end is connected to the piston pin. A bush made from a soft metal, such as bronze, is ud for this joint. The lower end of the connecting rod fit the crankshaft journal.
This is called the big end. (Page 19)
连杆小头与活塞销连接，连接处有像青铜这样软金属制成的衬套，连杆下端连接在曲柄
轴径上，称为连杆大头。
5) N.B. No.4 piston is always performing the companion stroke to No.1: when the inlet valve in No.4 cylinder is fully open, No.1 cylinder inlet valve is fully clod --- this feature is uful to remember when checking valve clearances. (Page 20)
