索取号: B84 密级:公开
葱爆肥肠硕士学位论文
左右空间情感效价的研究——基于极性
差异假说
研究生:闫鹏
指导教师:杨昭宁教授
你好九月培养单位:教育科学学院
收字成语一级学科:心理学
二级学科:应用心理学
完成时间:2015年4月10日
食草恐龙有哪些
答辩时间:2015年6月日
摘要
情绪一直是心理学中研究的热点。然而情绪作为一种抽象概念,随之文化、语言以及习俗对其表述加
深,人们往往会把情绪与具体的概念或事物相联系,比如:空间方位与情绪。目前空间情感效价的研究主要基于两种理论。一是概念隐喻理论,二是具身认知理论。概念隐喻更多是解释情绪与垂直空间的关系;而具身认知,特别是躯体特异性解说,侧重阐明情绪与水平空间的关系。本研究主要研究情绪与水平空间的关系,即:左右空间情感效价。根据极性差异假说,尝试解释人们对左右空间情绪反应的差异。另外,探究左右空间情感效价受到哪些因素的影响。
实验一:采用情绪卡通图片,有别于以往的实验材料,来验证以往研究结果——右利手者“右好左坏”效应和左利手者的“左好右坏”效应。另外,探究极性差异假说对右利手者“右好左坏”效应和左利手者的“左好右坏”效应解释的可行性。实验结果发现:右利手者的“右好左坏”效应和左利手者的“左好右坏”效应并不是恒成立的。研究发现无论是右利手被试还是左利手被试,他们对消极卡通图片的辨别会受到左右位置的影响;但对于积极卡通图片的辨别并不受到左右位置的影响。即:右利手存在“左坏”效应,但不存在“右好”;左利手者存在“右坏”效应,但不存在“左好”。另外,极性差异假说对左右空间情感效价差异的解释,有别于其对垂直空间情感效价的解释,但可以借鉴。
实验二:由于实验一的结果与以往的研究结果不一致,实验二将进一步探究造成结果差的影响因素。即:卡通图片到屏幕中心的距离是否会对实验结果有所影响。另外,探究右利手者“右好左坏”效应和左利手者的“左好右坏”效应,是基于他们相对简单的左右两侧归类;还是一种等级性的排列。实验结果证明:右利手者的“右好左坏”效应和左利手者的“左好右坏”效应与刺激呈现位置到中心点的距离有关。
另外,右利手者的“左坏”效应和左利手者的“右坏”效应,是基于他们相对简单的左右两侧归类;而不是一种等级性的排序。这是与极性差异假说一致的。
实验三:基于实验一与实验二的实验结果,实验三采用GO-NO/GO实验范式,以汉语中的积极词汇和消极词汇作为实验材料。进一步细化了“距离”这一变量,对实验二结果进行检验。结果发现:右利手者存在“左坏”效应,而不存在“右好”效应。而左利手被试即不存在“左坏”效应,也不存在“右好”效应,这与以往研究存在差异,也与实验一与实验二存在差异。右利手被试产生的“左坏”效应是基于自己对不同类型的词汇简单的归类,而非严格的等级排序,符合极性
差异假说。
关键词:左右空间情感效价,具身认知,躯体特异性假说,极性差异假说
Abstract摘抄好句
Emotion has alaways been the hotspot of the rearch in psychology. Emotion, as an abstract concept, is often associated with specific conceptes or things, with the culture, language and customs of deep statements, such as, the spatial position and emotion. The current rearchs of space affective valence is mainly on two theories: one is the conceptual metephor theory, and the ot
her is embodied cognition theory. The relationship between emotion and vertiacl space is explained by conceptual metaphor; While the embodied cognition theory, especially the body-specificity hypothesis, focusing on the emotional relationship with the horizontal space. This rearch mainly studies the relationship between the horizontal space and emotion, and it’s ca lled left-right space affective valence. According to the differences polarity hypothesis, we try to u this hypothesis to explain the different reaction to left-right space affective valence. In addition, we will explore what are factors influence people's reactions to left-right space affective valence.
In the first experiment, enotional cartoon pictures, being different from the previous experimental materials, are utilized to examine the results of previous rearch (right means good and left means bad for Right-handedness vs left means good and right means bad for Left-handedness). The results suggest that the effects, “right means good and left means bad for Right-handedness” vs “left means good and right means bad for Left-handedness”, is not constan t. We found that both Left-handedness and Right-handedness are not affected by location,when they identify the happy faces. However the sad faces are identified more quickly when they are prented LEFT rather than RIGHT by Right-handedness, happy faces are identified equally whether they are prented LEFT or RIGHT. As well as , we found that polarity-bad perspective offer an partly, not all, account of respon difference between happy faces and sad faces.
In the cond experiment, due to the result of the experiment1 is not agree with previous studies, a further study should be made to explore the reasons of different results. The distance between the picture and the center of the screen maybe one of effects to the experiment result. The other question is that “right means good and left means bad for Right-handedness” and “left means good and right means bad for Left-handedness” should be examined, and whether the body-specificity hypothesis or polarity account provides a better fit for the effect. The experimental results show that
the effect, “right means good and left means bad for Right-handedness” and “left means good and right means bad for Left-handedness”, is related to the distance between the center and the position of stimulates prent. Both of the effects are bad on their left and right sides of a relatively simple classification; rather than a hierarchical ordering. This is consistent with the polarity difference hypothesis.
In the third expriment, Bad on the experimental results, the third experiment using GO-NO/GO experimental paradigm and Chine vocabulary (positive and negative) as experimental material. The results show that left means bad , but right is not mean good for Right-handedness. However left and right are not associated with right or left for Left-handedness. That is difference with previous rearch. Left means bad for Right-handedness what are bad on their left and right sides of a relat
我们的青春时代ively simple classification, rather than a hierarchical ordering. This is consistent with the polarity difference hypothesis.
人口Keyword: Affective valence, Embodied cognition, Body-specificity hypothesis, Polarity difference hypothesis
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