高考英语阅读理解专项训练
生态环保类
(一)
The need to feed a growing population is putting much pressure on the world's supply of water. With 97% of the world's water too salty to be drunk or ud in agriculture, the worldwide supply of water needs careful management, especially in agriculture. Although the idea of a water shortage(短缺)ems strange to someone fortunate enough to live in a high rainfall country, many of the world's agricultural industries experience constant water shortages.
Although dams can be built to store water for agricultural u in dry areas and dry asons, the costs of water redistribution(重新分配)are very high. Not only is there the cost of the engineering itlf, but there is also an environmental cost to be considered. Where valleys(山谷)are flooded to create dams, hous are lost and wildlife homes destroyed. Bes
ides, water may flow easily through pipes to fields, but it cannot be transported from one side of the world to the other. Each country must therefore rely on the management of its own water to supply its farming requirements.
This is particularly troubling for countries with agricultural industries in areas dependent on irrigation (灌溉). In Texas, farmers' overu of irrigation water has resulted in a 25% reduction of the water stores. In the Central Valley area of southwestern USA, a huge water engineering project provided water for farming in dry valleys, but much of the water u has been poorly managed.
Saudi Arabia's attempts to grow wheat in dert areas have en the pumping of huge quantities of irrigation water from underground rerves. Becau there is no rainfall in the areas, such rerves can only decrea, and it is believed that fifty years of pumping will e them run dry.
1. From the first two paragraphs we learn that________.
A. much of the world's water is available for u
B. people in high rainfall countries feel lucky
C. the costs of water redistribution should be considered
D. water can be easily carried through pipes across the world
2. Which of the following is TRUE?
A. The water stores in Texas have been reduced by 75%.
B. Most industries in the world suffer from water shortages.
C. The underground water in Saudi Arabia might run out in 50 years.
D. Good management of water u resulted from the project in the Central Valley.
3. What is most likely to be discusd in the paragraph that follows?
A. Steps to improving water u management.
B. Ways to reduce the costs of building dams.
C. Measures to deal with worldwide water shortages.
D. Approaches to handling the pressure on water supply.
4. The text is mainly about________.
安全工作述职报告 A. water supply and increasing population
B. water u management and agriculture
C. water redistribution and wildlife protection
D. water shortages and environmental protection
(二)(2010·辽宁高考)
It was a village in India. The people were poor. However, they were not unhappy. After all, their forefathers had lived in the same way for centuries.
成本用英语怎么说
Then one day, some visitors from the city arrived. They told the villagers there were some people elwhere who liked to eat frog's legs. However, they did not have enough f
rogs of their own ，and so they wanted to buy frogs from other places.
This emed like money for nothing. There were millions of frogs in the fields around内裤牌子，and they were no u to the villagers. All they had to do was catch them. Agreement was reached，and the children were nt into the fields to catch frogs. Every week a truck arrived to collect the catch and hand over the money. For the first time, the people were able to dream of a better future. But the dream didn't last long.
The change was hardly noticed at first, but it emed as if the crops were not doing so well. More worrying was that the children fell ill more often, and, there emed to be more incts around lately.
The villagers decided that they couldn't just wait to e the crops failing and the children getting weak. They would have to u the money earned to buy pesticides (杀虫剂) and medicines. Soon there was no money left.
Then the people realized what was happening. It was the frog. They hadn't been uless. They had been doing an important job—eating incts. Now with so many frogs killed, the incts were increasing more rapidly. They were damaging the crops and spreading dias.
Now，the people are still poor. But in the evenings they sit in the village square and listen to sounds of incts and frogs. The sounds of the night now have a much deeper meaning.
1. From Paragraph 1，we learn that the villagers________.
A. worked very hard for centuries
B. dreamed of having a better life
C. were poor but somewhat content
D. lived a different life from their forefathers
2. Why did the villagers agree to ll frogs?
A. The frogs were easy money.
对讲机如何对频 B. They needed money to buy medicine.
C. They wanted to plea the visitors.
D. The frogs made too much noi.
3. What might be the cau of the children's sickness?
A. The crops didn't do well.
B. There were too many incts.
C. The visitors brought in dias.
D. The pesticides were overud.
4. What can we infer from the last ntence of the text?
A. Happiness comes from peaceful life in the country.
B. Health is more important than money.
C. The harmony between man and nature is important.
D. Good old days will never be forgotten.
(三)
We produce 500 billion of plastic bags in a year worldwide and they are thrown away polluting oceans，killing wildlife and getting dumped in landfills where they take up to 1000 years to decompo. Rearchers have been unsuccessfully looking for a solution.
The 16yearold Canadian high school student接踵而至，Daniel Burd, from Waterloo Collegiate Institute, has discovered a way to make plastic bags degrade(分解) in as few as 3 months，a finding that won him first prize at the Canada－Wide Science Fair，a $10 000 prize，a $20 000 scholarship, and a chance to revolutionize a major environmental issue.
临池学书Burd's strategy was simple: Since plastic does eventually degrade, it must be eaten by microorganisms (微生物). If tho microorganisms could be identified, we could put them to work eating the plastic much faster than under normal conditions.
With this goal in mind, he ground plastic bags into a powder and concocted(调制) a solution of houhold chemicals, yeast(酵母爱国诗歌简短) and tap water to encourage microbes growth. Then he added the plastic powder and let the microbes work their magic for 3 months. Finally，he tested the resulting bacterial culture on plastic bags，exposing one plastic sample to dead bacteria as a control. Sure enough, the plastic expod (暴露) to the live bacteria was 17% lighter than the control after six weeks.
The inputs are cheap：maintaining the required temperature takes little energy becau microbes produce heat as they work, and the only outputs are water and tiny levels of carbon dioxide.
“Almost every week I have to do chores and when I open the clot door, I have piles of plastic bags falling on top of me. One day, I got tired of it and I wanted to know what other people are doing with the plastic bags. The answer：not much. So I decided to do something mylf.”said Daniel Burd.
1. Daniel Burd won first prize at the Canada－Wide Science Fair becau________.
A. he found a new kind of microorganism
B. he contributed much to environmental protection
C. he found a way to degrade plastics in shorter time
D. he could encourage microbes growth in an easier way
2. Daniel Burd expod one plastic sample to dead bacteria to
________.
A. make the live bacteria work better
B. test how effective his method was
C. know which bacteria worked faster
D. control the temperature in the process
3. Maintaining the required temperature takes little energy becau ________.
A. plastics can get hot easily
B. microbes can produce heat themlves
C. much carbon dioxide is produced
D. the temperature can be controlled
4. Daniel Burd got his idea from ________.
A. his school textbook
B. the failure of rearchers
居然的意思 C. his everyday work
D. the practice of other people
(四)(2010·山东烟台检测)
