Lession 1 What is tourism?
1. Four different perspectives of tourism(要考虑的四个不同方面)：The tourist / The business providing tourist goods and rvices / The goverment of the host community or area / The host community
2. The importance of giving a definition of tourism(旅游定义的重要性)：Each of the many definitions that have arin is amied at fitting a special situation and solving an immediate problem,and the lack of uniform definitions has hampered study of tourism as discipline.
3. One has only to consider the multidimensional aspects of tourism and its interactions with other activities to understand why it is difficult to come up with a meaningful definition that will be universally accepted.
4. WTO definitions(WTO 下的定义)
1) The definitions of tourism(旅游)：Tourism compris the activities of persons traveling
to and staying in places outside their usual environment for not more than one concutive year for leisure,business and other purpos.
2) The definitions of international tourism(国际旅游)
a) Inbound tourism(入境旅游):visits to a country by nonresidents
b) Outbound tourism（出境旅游）:visits by residents of a country to another country
3) The definitions of internal tourism一年级智力题100道（境内旅游）:visits by residents of a country to their own country
4) The definitions of domestic tourism（国内旅游）: internal tourism plus inbound tourism(the tourism market of accommodation facilities and attractions within a country)
5) The definitions of national tourism（国家级旅游）焦作云台山: internal tourism plus outbound tourism(the resident market tourism market for travel agents and airlines)
5. Tourism as (其他国家或地区定义)
1) The United States(美国)翩翩起舞的意思是什么：A tourist is one who travels away from home for a distance of at least 50 miles(one way) for business, pleasure, personal affairs,or any other purpo except to commute to work,whether he stays overnight or returns the same day.
2) Canada（加拿大）:nonresident travelers, resident travelers, and other travelers.Both nonresident travelers and resident travelers include both same-day and business travelers.Commuters are included and are not distinguished from other same-day business travelers. Other travelers consist of immigrants, former residents, military personnel, and crews.
3) The United Kingdom（英国）:It measures all trips away from home lasting one or night or more,taken by residents for holidays,visits to friends and relatives(nonholiday), or for business, conferences, and most other purpos.
4) Australia（澳大利亚）:A person visiting a location at least 40 km from his usual place of residence, for a period of at least 24 hours and not exceeding twelve months.
5) Chuna（中国）：The sum of all the phenomena and relations arising from the travel and temporary stay by people who have left home to go to other places to visit.
Notes；
Leisure time余暇 a study tour考察旅游 a wilderness park天然公园
vital to对...至关重要 the rail of a crui sgip游船栏杆 make a profit获得利润
tax receipts税收收入 the foreign exchange receipts外汇收入 the sum total收入乘数
august bodies权威机构 ...arriving at a connsus达到统一 round trip往返旅行
narrow operational definitions只限于实际操作的定义 come up with a meaningful definition that will be universally accepted做出一个能被普遍接受的定义
Lession 2 Mass tourism and New tourism
1. Modern tourism
销售团队口号1) The Grand Tour（大旅游）:A tour of certain cities in Western Europe undertaken primarily, but not exclusively for education and pleasure.婷婷玉立
2) The first package holiday built around air transport:This was undertaken by Vladimir Raitz, a Russian emigre educated at the London School of Economics.
2. Mass tourism（大众旅游）
1) The characteristics（特点）:standardization and rigidity
2) Four conditions（4个条件）慕斯蛋糕怎么做:
a) The holiday is standardized, rigidly packaged and inflexible.No part of the holiday could be altered except by paying higher prices.
b) The holiday is produced through the mass replication of identical units, with scale economies as the driving force.
c) The holiday is mass marketed to an undifferentiated clientele.
d) 严丝合缝的近义词The holiday is consumed en mass, with a lack of consideration by tourists for local norms, culture, people or the environmens of tourist receiving destinations.
3. New tourism（新旅游）
1) The characteristics（特点）:one of the key characteristics of the new tourism is flexibility---flexible consumers, flexibile rvices and the flexibility of products to more with the market.
2) Conditions（条件）:
a) 宜春院The holiday isflexible and can be purchad at prices that are competitive with mass-produced holidays.
