2021-2022学年湖南省长沙市长沙县、望城区、浏阳市联考高二（上）期末英语试卷
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）
A
Unity Bowl,Australia
An Australian wedding ceremony might feature the tradition of a Unity Bowl.Guests are given stones and asked to hold them during the ceremony.At the end,guests pace the stones in a decorative bowl that the couple will keep and display afterwards,to remind them of the support and prence of their friends and family.
Blackening,Scotland
In this Scottish tradition,the bride,groom,or both are taken out on the day before their wedding,provided with alcohol,and covered in treacle（糖浆），ash,feathers,and flour by friends and family.The celebratory mess was originally carried out to avoid evil spirits and bring good luck.
A Goo for the Bride,Korea
According to Korean tradition,grooms once gave their mother-in-law wild gee or ducks；they are monogamous（一夫一妻制的）animals and reprent the groom's pure intentions and loyalty to his bride,in a more modern tradition,brides and grooms change wooden gee and ducks on their wedding day as a sign of their commitment.
Bridal Sedans and Red Umbrellas,China
A traditional Chine wedding features a full precession,with the bride escorted to the ceremony in bridal dan.Red is a powerful colour in Chine weddings,symbolizing boldness,luck,and love.According to tradition,the bride wears a red veil to hide her face,and her mother or attendant holds a red umbrella over the bride's head,a superstition（迷信）to encourage fertility（生育）and grow here own family.
1.In an Australian wedding ceremony,guests can often e ______ .
A. red umbrellas B. bowls filled with stones
C. wild animals D. a drunk newly-wedding couple
2.If you are interested in wedding cultures in Asia,you can visit ______ .
电商直播
政治价值A. Korea & China B. Scotland & China
C. Australia & Korea D. Australia & Scotland
3.What can be inferred according to the descriptions of the wedding ceremony？ ______
A. Guests play tricks on the brides and the grooms.
B. The brides and the grooms exchange wedding rings.
C. Guests give expensive prents to the brides and the grooms.
D. The brides and the grooms are blesd with wishes and good luck.
B
Suddenly Uncle Henry stood up. "There's a cyclone coming,Em," he called to his wife, "I'll go to look after the stock." Then he ran toward the sheds where the cows and hors were kept.
Aunt Em dropped her work and came to the door.One glance told her of the danger clo at hand. "Quick.Dorothy!" she screamed. "Run for the cellar（地窖）!" Toto jumped out of
Dorothy's arms and hid under the bed,and the girl started to get him.Aunt Em,badly frightened,threw open the trap door in the floor and climbed down the ladder into the small,dark hole.Dorothy caught Toto at last and started to follow her aunt.When she was halfway across- the room there came a great roar（咆哮）from the wind,and the hou shook so hard that she lost her tooting and sat down suddenly upon the floor.
Then a strange thing happened.The hou circled around two or three times and ro slowly through the air.Dorothy felt as if she were going up in a balloon.It was very dark,and the wind blew horribly around her,but Dorothy found she was riding quite easily.After the first few twists and turns,and one other time when the hou tipped badly,she felt as if she were being rocked gently,like a baby in a cradle（摇篮）.Toto did not like it.He ran about the room,now here,now there,barking loudly；but Dorothy sat quite still on the floor and waited to e what would happen.
At last she crawled over the swinging floor to her bed,and lay down upon it；and Toto followed and lay down beside her.In spite of the swinging of the hou and the crying of the wind.Dorothy soon clod her eyes and fell fast asleep.
4.What does the underlined word " cyclone" in paragraph 1 probably mean？ ______
A. hurricane B. flood C. monster D. earthquake
5.Why did Aunt Em go into the hole in the floor when the cyclone approached？ ______
A. To find the puppy Toto.
B. To find shelter from the cyclone.
C. To protect their fortune.
D. To get tools to help Henry.
6.Which of the following is True about Dorothy？ ______
A. She managed to control the hou.
B. She found herlf flying in a balloon.
广州美食攻略C. She turned baby crying loudly.
D. She remained undisturbed with Toto.
7.Which words can best describe Dorothy in the emergency？ ______
A. Afraid and frightened. B. Curious and tired.
C. Flexible and calm. D. Excited and nervous.
C公务员流程
Hundreds of millions have rolled up their sleeves for the COVID-19 vaccine,but why haven't they rolled up their pants instead？What's the science behind why we get most vaccines in our arm？
生理周期表Most vaccines are given in the muscle - this is known as an intramuscular injection（肌肉注射）.Some vaccines,are given orally.Others are given just beneath the skin.
But why is the muscle so important,and does location matter？
Muscles make an excellent vaccine administration （药物的施用）site becau muscle tissue contains important immune cells.The immune cells recognize the antigen,a tiny piece of a virus or bacteria introduced by the vaccine that stimulates an immune respon.In the ca of the COVID-19 vaccine,the immune cells in the muscle tissue pick up the antigens（抗原）and prent them to the lymph nodes（淋巴结）木兰湖.Injecting the
vaccine into muscle tissue keeps the vaccine localized,allowing immune cells to sound the alarm to other immune cells and get to work.Once a vaccine is recognized by the immune cells in the muscle,the cells carry the antigen to lymph vesls,which transport the antigen-carrying immune cells into the lymph nodes.Lymph nodes,important parts of our immune system,contain more immune cells that recognize the antigens in vaccines and start the immune process of creating antibodies.
Muscle tissue also tends to keep vaccine reactions localized.Injecting a vaccine into the deltoid （三角肌）muscle may result in local inflammation（红肿）or soreness at the injection site.If certain vaccines are injected into fat tissue,the chance of irritation（刺激）and inflammation reaction increas becau fat tissue has poor blood supply,leading to poor absorption of some vaccine components.
Yet another deciding factor in vaccine administration location is the size of the muscle.Adults and children aged three and older tend to receive vaccines in their upper arm in the deltoid.Younger children receive their vaccines mid-thigh（大腿）becau their arm muscles are smaller and less developed.
Another consideration during vaccine administration is convenience and patient acceptability.Can you imagine taking down your pants at a clinic with strangers around？Rolling up your sleeve is much easier and more preferred.
8.How many reasons are mentioned for the vaccines given in the muscle？ ______
A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. D. 5.
9.According to the passage,for most people, ______ is the preferred vaccination site.
A. the lymph nodes B. the mouth
C. 散学的近义词the arm D. the thigh
10.What does the underlined expression "pick up" in the fourth paragraph probably mean？ ______
A. recognize. B. gather.
C. clean up. D. come down with.
祝祖国的祝福语11.What may be the best title for the passage？ ______
A. Don't be afraid of injection
B. Why we get shots in the arm？
C. An interesting cret to injection
D. How vaccines are given into the muscle？
D
When hydrogen（氯气）burns,the only by-product is water — which is why hydrogen has been an attractive zero-carbon energy source for decades.Yet the traditional process for producing hydrogen,in which fossil fuels are expod to steam,is not even remotely zero-carbon.Hydrogen produced this way is called gray hydrogen；if the CO2 is captured and questered（封存），it is called blue hydrogen.
Green hydrogen is different.it is produced through electrolysis（电解），in which machines split water into hydrogen and oxygen,with no other by-products.Historically,electrolysis required so much electricity that it made little n to pr
oduce hydrogen that way.The situation is changing for two reasons.First,significant amounts of excess renewable electricity have become available at grid（输电网）scale；rather than storing excess electricity in arrays of batteries,the extra electricity can be ud to drive the electrolysis of water,"storing" the electricity in the form of hydrogen.Second,electrolyzes are getting more efficient.
Current renewable technologies such as solar and wind can decarbonize（脱碳） the energy ctor by as much as 85 percent by replacing gas and coal with clean electricity.Other parts of the economy,such as shipping and producing,are harder to electrify becau they often require fuel that is high in energy density（南度）or heat at high temperatures.Green hydrogen has potential in the ctors.The Energy Transitions Commission,an industry group,says green hydrogen is one of four technologies necessary for meeting The Paris Agreement goal of decreasing more than 10 gigatons of carbon dioxide a year from the most challenging industrial ctors,among them mining,construction and chemicals.
Although green hydrogen is still on the early stage of its development,countries — especi
ally tho with cheap renewable energy — are investing in the technology.Australia wants to export hydrogen that it would produce using its plentiful solar and wind power.Chile has plans for hydrogen in the country's dry north,where solar electricity is abundant.China aims to put one million hydrogen fuel-cell vehicles on the road by 2030.All of which is why,earlier this year,Goldman predicted that green hydrogen will become a ﹩12-triilion market by 2050.
