构词要素 | 功能 | 例词 | 构词方式 | |
汉字 | 笔画 | 象形 | 日 | 六书:形声、会意、象形、指事、假借、转注 |
边旁 | 会意 | 树 | ||
形声 | 消 | |||
英语 单词 | 字母 | 形声 | sun | 五法:转化法、合成法、词缀法、缩略法、 |
字母组合 | 会意 (词根、词缀) | telephone | ||
形声 | other | |||
前缀 | 意思 | 例词 |
un- | 否定或相反 | unfair, unknown, unhealthy, unusual, uncertain, unclear |
dis- | 否定或相反 | disagree, disappear, disadvantage, dishonest, disability, |
in-, im-, il-, ir- | 否定或相反 | incapable, inability, incomplete, incorrect, impossible, immoral, illegal, illogical, irregular, irrelative |
non- | 否定或相反 | non-smoker, non-stop, non-violent |
mis- | 错误 | mistake, mislead, misunderstanding, misu, mis-spell |
anti- | 反 | anti-war, anti-pollution |
fore- | 前面 | forehead, foreground, foreleg, forefoot |
inter- | 之间 | international, interaction, internet, interview |
pre- | 之前 | prefix, preface, preposition, predict |
super- | 超出 | superstructure, supernatural, superpower, superman |
trans- | 转移 | translate, transform, transplant, transportation |
co- | 一起,共同 | coexist,co-operate,co-worker, coactions, coauthor, collect |
uni- | 统一 | uniform unix United States |
mi- | 半 | 七年级科学miconductor, micircle, mimonthly, mifinal |
micro- | 微型 | microvolt, microcomputer, microscope |
业的成语multi- | 多 | multimedia, multicolored, multiform, multinatural |
milli- | 微小 | minibus, miniskirt, minipark |
de- | 下降 | decrea, degrade |
kilo- | 千 | kilometer, kilogram, kilowatt |
re- | 重新 | rebuild, retell, rewrite, renew, reconsider, reu, remarry, |
sub- | 下面 | subway |
词性 | 后缀 | 例词 | 备注 |
名 词 后 缀 | -ant,-ent | merchant, rvant, assistant, agent, student | -ee具有被动词含义;-ess专指阴性;-ist指有某一专长的人 |
-an,-ian,-ician | Italian,historian,librarian, electrician, magician | ||
-er,or | villager singer, driver, doctor, operator, actor, v | ||
-ist | pianist, communist, dentist, artist, receptionist | ||
-ee | employee, examinee, payee, interviewee | ||
-ary,-ar | scholar, liar, beggar, cretary, missionary | ||
-ess | actress, hostess, manageress | ||
-age | courage, storage, marriage, percentage | 构 成 抽 象 名 词 | |
-al | refusal, arrival, survival, denial, approval, trial, | ||
-hood | childhood, brotherhood, boyhood, manhood | ||
-dom | freedom, kingdom, wisdom | ||
-bility | ability, possibility, probability, responsibility | ||
-ance, -ence | importance,avoidance,appearance,performance | ||
-ity | purity, reality, equality | ||
-ness | goodness,kindness,tiredness, business | ||
-ism | criticism, heroism, tourism, communism | ||
-ment | punishment, argument, agreement, government | ||
-ion, -ation | suggestion,action,solution,invention,direction | ||
-th | strength, length, width, depth growth, youth | ||
-ship | hardship, relationship, membership | ||
动 词 后 缀 | -ize, i | modernize, democratize, organize, apologize, realize | |
-en | quicken, weaken, soften, harden | ||
-fy | beautify, purify, intensify, signify, simplify | ||
形 容 后 缀 | -able, -ible | eatable, enjoyable, acceptable, reasonable | |
-al 西游记观后感 | natural, additional, educational, national | ||
-ish | foolish, bookish, lfish | ||
-ive: | impressive,decisive, active, instructive, expensive | ||
sxzsksw-y | milky, cloudy sunny, windy, rainy, foggy | ||
-ly | manly, fatherly,daily, weekly, monthly | ||
-ful | beautiful, wonderful, helpful, truthful, successful | ||
-ous | dangerous, courageous, nervous, mountainous | ||
-en | wooden, golden, woolen | ||
-less | countless, stainless, wireless, uless, endless, | ||
-ed | plead, interested, surprid, worried, excited | ||
-ing | moving, touching,astonishing, boring, amazing | ||
钩藤的副作用 -ern | eastern, western, southern, northern, southeastern | ||
副 词 后 缀 | -ly | possibly, swiftly, simply,suddenly, highly | |
-wi | otherwi, clockwi, likewi | ||
-ward(s)牛油果吐司 | 带春字的四字成语 downward, inwards, upward, towards | ||
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