1、红色能增强反应的速度和力度
What links speed, power, and the color red? Hint: it's not a sports car. It's your muscles.
A new study, published in the latest issue of the journal Emotion, finds that when humans e red, their reactions become both faster and more forceful. And people are unaware of the color's intensifying effect. The findings may have applications for sporting and other activities in which a brief burst of strength and speed is needed, such as weightlifting. But the authors caution that the color energy boost is likely short-lived.
孕妇嗓子疼怎么办"Red enhances our physical reactions becau it is en as a danger cue," explains coauthor Andrew Elliot, professor of psychology at the University of Rochester and a lead rearcher in the field of color psychology. "Humans flush when they are angry or preparing for attack," he explains. "People are acutely aware of such reddening in others and its implications."
But threat is a double-edged sword, argue Elliot and coauthor Henk Aarts, professor of psychology at Utrecht University, in the Netherlands. Along with mobilizing extra energy, "threat also evokes worry, task distraction, and lf-preoccupation, all of which have been shown to tax mental resources," they write in the paper. In earlier color rearch, exposure to red has proven counterproductive for skilled motor and mental tasks: athletes competing against an opponent wearing red are more likely to lo and students expod to red before a test perform wor.
"Color affects us in many ways depending on the context," explains Elliot, who rearch also has documented how men and women are unconsciously attracted to the opposite x when they wear red. "Tho color effects fly under our awareness radar," he says.
The study measured the reactions of students in two experiments. In the first, 30 fourth-through-10th graders pinched and held open a metal clasp. Right before doing so, they read aloud their participant number written in either red or gray crayon. In the cond exp
eriment, 46 undergraduates squeezed a handgrip with their dominant hand as hard as possible when they read the word "squeeze" on a computer monitor. The word appeared on a red, blue, or gray background.
In both scenarios, red significantly incread the force exerted, with participants in the red condition squeezing with greater maximum force than tho in the gray or blue conditions. In the handgrip experiment, not only the amount of force, but also the immediacy of the reaction incread when red was prent.
The colors in the study were precily equated in hue, brightness, and chroma (intensity) to insure that reactions were not attributable to the other qualities of color. "Many color psychology studies in the past have failed to account for the independent variables, so the results have been ambiguous," explains Elliot.元旦免过路费吗
遇到困难的作文
The study focud exclusively on isometric or non-directional physical respons, allowing the rearcher to measure the energy respon of participants, though not their behavior, which can vary among individuals and situations. The familiar flight or fight resp
ons, for example, show differing reactions to threat. (497 words)
2大雾和雾霾的区别、三十年，人类战胜艾滋病吗？
附和拼音 ON JUNE 5th 1981 America’s Centres for Dia Control and Prevention reported the outbreak of an unusual form of pneumonia in Los Angeles. When, a few weeks later, its scientists noticed a similar cluster of a rare cancer called Kaposi’s sarcoma in San Francisco, they suspected that something strange and rious was afoot. That something was AIDS.
Since then, 25m people have died from AIDS and another 34m are infected. The 30th anniversary of the dia’s discovery has been taken by many as an occasion for hand-wringing. Yet the war on AIDS is going far better than anyone dared hope.
Even more hopeful is a recent study which suggests that the drugs ud to treat AIDS may also stop its transmission. If that proves true, the drugs could achieve much of what a vaccine would. The question for the world will no longer be whether it can wipe out the plague, but whether it is prepared to pay the price.
If AIDS is defeated, it will be thanks to an alliance of science, activism and altruism. The science has come from the world’s pharmaceutical companies. In 1996 a batch of similar drugs, all of them inhibiting the activity of one of the AIDS virus’十二导联心电图位置图s crucial enzymes, appeared almost simultaneously. The effect was miraculous, if you (or your government) could afford the $15,000 a year that tho drugs cost when they first came on the market.
Much of the activism came from rich-world gays. Having badgered drug companies into creating the new medicines, the activists bullied them into dropping the price.
