R-DICE 及R-EPOCH 方案
对复发难治性弥漫大B 细胞淋巴瘤疗效比较*
袁姝姝**,丛智荣,朱
丽,徐小红
(南通大学附属肿瘤医院肿瘤科,江苏226361)
abb型的词语[摘要]目的:比较R-DICE 方案与R-EPOCH 方案对复发、
难治性弥漫大B 细胞淋巴瘤(DLBCL )患者的疗效及毒副作用。方法:回顾性分析72例复发、难治性DLBCL 患者临床资料,根据挽救性治疗方案不同分为R-DICE 组38例及R-EPOCH 组34例,
观察两组治疗有效率、缓解持续时间及毒副反应。结果:R-DICE 组完全缓解率73.7%,部分缓解率13.2%,有效率为86.8%,平均缓解持续时间213.17±16.55天。R-EPOCH 组完全缓解率73.5%,部分缓解率17.6%,
加州州立理工大学
有效率为91.2%,平均缓解持续时间125.29±13.12天。R-EPOCH 组有效率高于R-DICE 组,而缓解
持续时间短于R-DICE 组,但差异均无统计学意义(P >0.05)。R-DICE 组中29例Ki-67增殖指数>60%,平均缓解持续时间228.11±15.28天;R-EPOCH 组中25例Ki-67增殖指数>60%,
平均缓解持续时间117.43±11.75天,短于R-DICE 组,但差异无统计学意义(P >0.05)。R-DICE 组共化疗89例次,R-EPOCH 组共化疗71例次。R-DICE 组中白细胞减少23例次(25.8%),贫血19例次(21.3%),血小板减少11例次(12.4%),恶心呕吐19例次(21.3%),口腔粘膜损伤17例次(19.1%)。R-EPOCH 组白细胞减少34例次(47.9%),贫血21例次(29.6%),血小板减少13例次(18.3%),恶心呕吐3例次(4.2%),无口腔粘膜损伤。R-EPOCH 组白细胞减少、贫血及血小板减少发生率高于R-DICE 组,而恶心呕吐及口腔粘膜损伤发生率低于R-DICE 组,差异均有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论:R-DICE 及R-EPOCH 方案均可作为复发、难治性DLBCL 的挽救性治疗,R-EPOCH 方案的患者平均缓解持续时间短于R-DICE ,R-DICE 血液学毒性较轻,而R-EPOCH 胃肠道反应及口腔粘膜损伤较轻。
对白细胞数较低患者可优先选择R-DICE 方案,而对依从性较好的老年患者则可选择R-EPOCH 方案。
[关键词]弥漫大B 细胞淋巴瘤;复发;难治;R-DICE 方案;R-EPOCH 方案
[中图分类号]R733.4
[文献标志码]A
[DOI ]10.19767/jki.32-1412.2020.06.007
Comparison of R-DICE and R-EPOCH regimens in the treatment of relapd and
refractory diffu large B-cell lymphoma
YUAN Shushu,CONG Zhirong,ZHU Li,XU Xiaohong
(Department of Oncology,the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University,Jiangsu 226361)
[Abstract]Objective:To compare the efficacy and toxicity of R-DICE regimen and R-EPOCH regimen in the treat ⁃ment of relapd and refractory diffu large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).Methods:The clinical data of 72patients with
relapd and refractory DLBCL were retrospectively analyzed.According to the different salvage treatment schemes,they were divided into R-DICE group (n =38)and R-EPOCH group (n =34).Results:In the R-DICE group,the complete respon rate was 73.7%,the partial respon rate was 13.2%,and the effective rate was 86.8%.The average duration of remission was 213.17±16.55d
ays.In the R-EPOCH group,the complete respon rate was 73.5%,the partial respon rate was 17.6%,and the effective rate was 91.2%.The average duration of remission was 125.29±13.12days.The effective rate of the R-EPOCH group was higher than that of the R-DICE group,and the duration of remission was shorter than that of the
R-DICE group,but the difference was not statistically significant (P >0.05).In the R-DICE group,the proliferation index of
[文章编号]1006-2440(2020)06-0584-05
得意洋洋近义词[引文格式]袁姝姝,丛智荣,朱丽,等.R-DICE 及R-EPOCH 方案对复发难治性弥漫大B 细胞淋巴瘤疗效比较[J ].交通医学,2020,34(6):584-587,592.
*[基金项目]国家自然科学基金
(81670196)和南通市科技计划(HS2019003)。**[作者简介]袁姝姝,
女,汉族,江苏南通人,生于1991年1月,硕士,住院医生。研究方向:弥漫大B 细胞淋巴瘤。通信作者:徐小红,E-mail:
**************
我国淋巴瘤患者中非霍奇金淋巴瘤(non Hodgkin lymphoma,NHL)远多于霍奇金淋巴瘤(Hodgkin lymphoma,HL),NHL最常见的病理类型为弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤(DLBCL),占成人NHL30% ~40%。DLBCL通常为原发性,但也可由相对惰性的淋巴瘤,如滤泡淋巴瘤、慢性淋巴细胞白血病/小淋巴细胞淋巴瘤、边缘带淋巴瘤或结节性淋巴瘤为主的HL发展或转变而来[1]。Alizadeh等[2]利用cDNA微阵列方法将DLBCL分成2个亚型,生发中心B细胞样DLBCL(GCB)和活化B细胞样DLBCL(ABC)。DLBCL属于最常见的侵袭性淋巴瘤,一旦发病就会蔓延至全身,治疗以化疗为主。抗CD20单克隆抗体的出现为DLBCL治疗提供了更多可能,R-CHOP方案可以延长患者生存期[3-7]。但仍有1/3初治患者出现复发或难治。耐药机制包括药物泵出、细胞抗凋亡、靶位DNA突变、抗氧化活性增强、DNA修复酶的表达增加等。一线标准化疗后出现复发或难治的患者通常需要接受非交叉耐药的挽救治疗,理想的挽救化疗应具备较高的缓解率和可接受的毒性反应[8],如GEMOX、EPOCH、DICE等方案都是采用与初程治疗无交叉耐药的药物顺铂、卡铂、依托泊苷、异环磷酰胺等,有效率20%~80%,完全缓解率(CR)多在20%~30%[9]。
本研究收集2009年—2017年南通地区72例复发或难治性DLBCL患者,比较R-DICE方案与R-EPOCH方案的疗效及毒副作用,为临床治疗选择提供参考。1资料与方法
1.1一般资料复发或难治性DLBCL患者72例,根据挽救性治疗方案不同分为R-DICE组38例和R-EPOCH组34例。R-DICE组中男性22例,女性16例,年龄61.35±11.02岁;R-EPOCH组中男性16例,
女性18例,平均年龄60.31±9.54岁。两组患者性别、年龄比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。除去未行Ki-67细胞增殖检测或在外院检查而资料丢失的10例,62例中Ki-67<60%8例,>60%54例(87.1%),其中R-DICE组29例,R-EPOCH组25例。复发性DLBCL诊断标准:第一次治疗完全缓解后病情出现反复的DLBCL。难治性DLBCL诊断标准:(1)采用4个常规治疗方案后肿瘤缩小<50%或病情进展;(2)采用常规化疗后完全缓解,但在半年内出现复发;(3)获完全缓解2次以上又再次复发;(4)造血干细胞移植后再复发。疾病对治疗的反应分为完全缓解(CR)、部分缓解(PR)、疾病稳定(SD)和疾病进展(PD)。缓解持续时间指的是从使用挽救方案后第一次评估为CR或PR开始到第一次评估为PD或任何原因死亡的时间,其中包括CR、PR及SD 三个阶段。
1.2治疗方法R-DICE组:利妥昔单抗375mg/m2,静脉滴注,d0;地塞米松40mg/d,静脉滴注,d1~ d4;异环磷酰胺5g/m2,静脉滴注,d2;美斯纳解救,5g/m2,静脉滴注,d2;卡铂AUC最大剂量800mg,静脉滴注,d2;依托泊苷100mg/m2,静脉滴注,d1~
Ki-67in29cas was higher than60%,and the average remission duration was228.11±15.28days;in the R-EPOCH group,Ki-67proliferation index was more than60%,and the average remission duration was117.43±11.75days,which was shorter than that in the R-DICE group,but the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).There were89 cas of chemotherapy in the R-DICE group and71cas in the R-EPOCH group.In the R-DICE group,there were23 cas of leukopenia(25.8%),
19cas of anemia(21.3%),11cas of thrombocytopenia(12.4%),19cas of naua and vom⁃iting(21.3%),17cas of oral mucosal injury(19.1%).In the R-EPOCH group,leukopenia occurred in34cas(47.9%), anemia in21cas(29.6%),thrombocytopenia in13cas(18.3%),naua and vomiting in3cas(4.2%),and no oral mu⁃cosal injury was found.The incidence of leukopenia,anemia and thrombocytopenia in the R-EPOCH group was higher than that in the R-DICE group,while the incidence of naua and vomiting and oral mucosal injury was lower than that in the R-DICE group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Both R-DICE and R-EPOCH can be ud as salvage treatment for relapd and refractory DLBCL.The average remission duration of R-EPOCH is shorter than that of R-DICE,and the hematological tox⁃icity of R-DICE is less,while the gastrointestinal reaction and oral mucosal injury of R-EPOCH are lighter.R-DICE regimen is preferred for patients with low WBC count,and R-EPOCH regimen is preferred for elderly patients with good compliance.
[Key words]diffu large B-cell lymphoma;relap;refractory;R-DICE;R-EPOCH
d3。R-EPOCH组:利妥昔单抗375mg/m2,静脉滴注,d0;依托泊苷50mg/m2,静脉滴注,d1~d4;长春新碱0.4mg/m2,静脉注射,d1~d4;吡柔比星10mg/ m2,静脉滴注,d1~d4;泼尼松60mg/m2,口服,bid,d1~d5;环磷酰胺750mg/m2,静脉滴注,d5。两个方案均为21天为一周期,疾病达到PR或CR时,使用6个周期;出现PD或死亡即终止。
1.3疗效及毒副作用评估所有患者在每次化疗前后进行全身浅表淋巴结及腹部B超检查,必要时行增强CT,比较化疗前后淋巴结及其它器官的累及情况。化疗期间定期监测血常规、肝肾功能、电解质、凝血功能,观察患者症状体征,毒副作用按WHO标准分为I~IV度。
1.4统计学处理应用SPSS25.0统计学软件对数据进行分析。计量资料以x⎺依s表示,组间比较采用t 检验;计数资料以频数和率表示,组间比较采用χ2检验。P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。
2结果
2.1两组有效率及缓解持续时间比较R-DICE组38例中完全缓解28例(7
3.7%),部分缓解5例(13.2%),有效率为86.8%,平均缓解持续时间213.17±16.55天。R-EPOCH组34例中完全缓解25例(73.5%),部分缓解6例(17.6%),有效率为91.2%,平均缓解持续时间125.29±13.12天。R-EPOCH组有效率高于R-DICE组,而缓解持续时间短于R-DICE 组,但差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。
2.2两种化疗方案治疗高Ki-67增殖指数患者缓解持续时间比较R-DICE组中29例Ki-67增殖指数>60%,平均缓解持续时间228.11±15.28天;R-EPOCH组中25例Ki-67增殖指数>60%,平均缓解持续时间117.43±11.75天,短于R-DICE组,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。铜钱草水培
2.3两组毒副反应比较将每例每次化疗计为1例次,R-DICE组共89例次,R-EPOCH组共71例次。R-DICE组中白细胞减少23例次(25.8%),贫血19例次(21.3%),血小板减少11例次(12.4%),恶心呕吐19例次(21.3%),口腔粘膜损伤17例次(19.1%)。R-EPOCH组白细胞减少34例次(47.9%),贫血21例次(29.6%),血小板减少13例次(18.3%),恶心呕吐3例次(4.2%),无口腔粘膜损伤。R-EPOCH组白细胞减少、贫血及血小板减少发生率高于R-DICE组,而恶心呕吐及口腔粘膜损伤发生率低于R-DICE组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。见表1。
3讨论
DLBCL恶性程度较大,Ki-67增殖指数一般大于40%,部分病例可高达90%以上。Ki-67抗原仅表达在处于G1中晚期、S期、G2期及M期的增殖细胞核,因此可用于检测细胞增殖状态。近年来有学者研究Ki-67增殖指数与NHL恶性程度、复发难治率、生存率等关系[10-12]。有研究以Ki-67增殖指数45%作为区分惰性与侵袭性淋巴瘤的临界值[13]。利妥昔单抗明显提高了DLBCL疗效,但30%~40%患者仍出现复发或难治情况。对无明显禁忌证和并发症的复发或难治性患者可采用二线治疗,选择哪种二线治疗方案以延长患者生存期和改善预后,是临床医生必须考虑的问题。EPOCH方案中的代表药物依托泊苷是细胞周期特异性药物,主要作用为阻碍DNA 修复。临床试验表明,依托泊苷联合多种治疗方案可延长DLBCL患者的生存期,改善预后[14]。2004年德国高度恶性非霍奇金淋巴瘤研究组(DSHNHL)B1研究显示,在预后良好的侵袭性淋巴瘤年轻患者中,与CHOP方案比较,CHOP-E方
案CR率(87.6%vs 79.4%,P=0.003)及5年EFS率更高(69.2%vs57.6%,P=0.004),CHOP-E方案骨髓抑制较重,但患者仍能较好耐受[15]。
DICE方案中重要药物异环磷酰胺通过与DNA 链发生不可逆的交联,干扰DNA的合成,阻止细胞毒副反应R-DICE
组
(n=89)
R-EPOCH组婚纱照模板
(n=71)
贫血Ⅰ度12(13.5)20(28.2)
Ⅱ度7(7.9)1(1.4)
白细胞减少Ⅰ度8(9.0)18(25.4)
Ⅱ度13(14.6)11(15.5)
Ⅲ度2(2.2)5(7.0)
血小板减少Ⅰ度7(7.9)11(15.5)
Ⅱ度3(3.4)2(2.8)
Ⅲ度1(1.1)0(0)
恶心呕吐19(21.3)3(4.2)
口腔粘膜损伤17(19.1)0(0)
表1两组毒副反应比较例次(%)
乌黑的近义词
周期G2期,从而发挥抗肿瘤作用,其毒副反应有感染、继发肿瘤、骨髓抑制、免疫系统紊乱及各种代谢异常等[16-17]。多种临床试验证明,异环磷酰胺可用于治疗DLBCL,特别是对初始治疗无反应或反应不佳的高度恶性DLBCL或复发DLBCL。Rupolo等[18]报道
R-DICE方案治疗复发或难治性NHL的有效率高达81%,Fayad等[19]应用R-DICE治疗复发或难治性NHL的有效率达77%。
本研究回顾性分析72例复发或难治性DLBCL 患者,比较R-DICE与R-EPOCH方案的有效率、缓解维持时间及毒副反应。结果显示,R-DICE组有效率为86.8%,平均缓解持续时间213.17±16.55天,R-EPOCH组有效率为91.2%,平均缓解持续时间125.29±13.12天。R-EPOCH组有效率高于R-DICE 组,而缓解持续时间短于R-DICE组,但差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。R-DICE组Ki-67增殖指数> 60%患者的平均缓解持续时间228.11±15.28天,R-EPOCH组Ki-67增殖指数>60%患者的平均缓解持续时间117.43±11.75天,短于R-DICE组,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),可能与样本量少有关。R-E-POCH组骨髓抑制毒副反应(白细胞减少、贫血、血小板较少)较R-DICE组严重,但胃肠道反应及口腔粘膜损伤较R-DICE组轻,差异均有统计学意义(P< 0.05)。多项国内外研究显示,R-EPOCH方案常用于治疗老年淋巴瘤,其特点是化疗药物剂量较小,化疗周期较长,药物效应及抗肿瘤作用较轻,因此在选择方案方面,临床上相对耐受力较差且病情尚可的患者会优先选择R-EPOCH,因而可以解释本研究中R-EPOCH组缓解时间较短。多数复发或难治性DLBCL患者已接受多次和(或)多种化疗方案治疗,骨髓增生潜能较差,对白细胞数较低患者可优先选择R-DICE方案,而对依从性较好的老年患者则可选择R-EPOCH方案。
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[收稿日期]2020-10-18
NA-32表达水平,分析两者与淋巴结转移、临床分期、术后复发、生存时间等关系,可能为临床判断胃癌预后提供新的分子靶点。
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[收稿日期]2020-09-22