2016-2017学年高三一模二模科普及体育类完型填空专项训练
科普类
| 资生堂 浦东一模 | 议论文——人们讨厌并抵制外来（入侵）物种的原因辨析及对待入侵物种的合理态度 |
金山、长宁、青浦、宝山二模 | 说明文——主要围绕科技产品的声音设定都为女性为主这一问题，探讨其中原因及未来发展趋势 |
奉贤二模 | 说明文——主要探讨机器人智能问题，结合机器人与人类的主要道德方面层面的区别，并提出了解决的办法 |
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2017浦东新区一模 完形填空
III. Reading Comprehension (45%)
Section A
泄露读音
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phras marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phra that best fits the context.
Everybody loves to hate invasive species. The international list of invasive species－defined as tho that were introduced by humans to new places, and then ___41___ － runs to over 4,000. In Australia and New Zealand, hot war is fought against introduced creatures like cane toads(蔗蟾蜍) and rats.
Some things that are uncontroversial(无争议的) are nevertheless foolish. With a few important exceptions, campaigns to ___42___ invasive species are merely a waste of money and effort － for reasons that are partly practical and partly philosophical.
Start with the practical arguments. Most invasive species are neither terribly successful nor very ___43___. Britons think themlves surrounded by foreign plants. ___44___, Britain’s invasive plants are not widespread, not spreading especially quickly, and often less of a(n) ___45___ than vigorous native plants. The arrival of new species almost always ___46___ biological diversity(多样性) in a region; in many cas, a flood of newco
mers drives no native species to extinction. One reason is that invaders tend to coloni ___47___ habitats like polluted lakes and post-industrial wasteland, where little el lives. They are nature’s opportunists.
The philosophical reason for starting war on the invaders is also ___48___. Elimination campaigns tend to be ___49___ by the belief that it is possible to restore balance to nature － to return woods and lakes to the state before human ___50___. That is misguided. Nature is an everlasting mess, with species constantly emerging, withdrawing and hybridizing(杂交). Humans have only quickened the process. Going back to ancient habitats is becoming ___51___ in any ca, becau of man-made climate change. Taking on the invaders is a(n) ___52___ gesture, not a means to an achievable end.
A reasonable attitude to invaders need not imply passivity. A few foreign species are truly ___53___ and should be fought: the Nile perch － a fish, has helped drive many species of fish to extinction in Lake Victoria. It makes n to ___54___ pathogens(病菌), especi
ally tho that destroy whole native tree species, and to stop known agricultural pests from gaining a foothold. Fencing off wildlife rerves to create open-air ecological muums is fine, too. And it is a good idea for European gardeners to destroy Japane plants, just as they give no space to native harmful grass like bindweed and ground elder. You can garden in a garden. You cannot garden ___55___. That is universally accepted.
41. A. multiplied B. shrunk C. disappeared D. harvested
42. A. conrve B. eliminate C. investigate D. prioritize
43. A. healthy B. intentional C. harmful D. profitable
44. A. As a result B. For example C. By contrast D. In fact
45. A. attraction B. dominance C. annoyance D. substitute
46. A. increas B. destroys C. reveals D. targets
47. A. oppresd B. disturbed C. cultivated D. prerved
48. A. acceptable B. needless C. mistaken D. convincing
49. A. fuel(l)ed B. organized C. interrupted D. greeted
50. A. civilization B. interference C. interaction D. maintenance
51. A. tolerable B. impossible C. beneficial D. critical
52. A. reluctant B. disorderly C. invalid D. unbalanced
53. A. damaging B. flexible C. doubtful D. outstanding
54. A. pick up B. take in C. keep out D. turn down
55. A. agriculture B. 韭黄种植vegetation C. atmosphere D. nature
答案：ABCDC ABCAB BCACD
较难词汇：
一流学科建设高校名单
1. invasive: 侵略性的 攻击性的
2. practical: 实际的 实用性的
3. vigorous:有力的 精力充沛的
4. extinction: 逼迫....灭绝
伊莎贝拉女王>薛之谦离婚
5. restore: 恢复 修复 归还
6. multiply: 成倍增加 繁殖
7. eliminate:消除 排除
8. invalid:无效的 残废的
9. fuel: 供以燃料 刺激
2017二模长宁区完形填空
Ask Siri if she’s a woman. Go ahead; try it. She’ll tell you she’s (41) . “Like cacti， a certain species of fish,” she might say. So is Amazon’s Alexa, Microsoft’s Cortana, Samsung’s S Voice, and Google Now. But, man, do they ever sound a lot like women. (42) , we think of them as ladies too. In Old Nor桃的四字词语（古挪威语）, Siri translates to “a beautiful woman who leads you to victory.” We assign female pronouns to them, and, in turn, they fold feminine turns of phra into their robotic and occasionally inane answers to our requests.
If we prize gender diversity（多样性）in other areas of daily life, why does our tech sound so (43) ? The biggest reason for the female phone fixation rests in social science. “Rearch indicates there’s likely to be greater acceptance of female (44) ,” says Karl MacDorman, a professor at Indiana University who specializes in human-computer interaction. MacDorman and his team played clips of male and female voices to people of both genders, then asked them to identify which they (45) . The rearchers also measured the way participants responded to the voices. In a 2011 paper, they reported that both women and men said female voices came across as warmer. (46) 带有颜色的歌词,
women even showed a subconscious preference for responding to females; men remained subconsciously neutral.
