美国与刚果危机（1960-1963）
第三章考察与分析美国参与推翻卢蒙巴政府，甚至暗杀其本人的决策及行
动物细胞工程动。艾森豪威尔政府不惜践踏民主原则，支持刚果总统卡萨武布解除卢蒙巴的总
理职务，随后支持蒙博托发动政变彻底剥夺其权力。由于被软禁的卢蒙巴依然影
响很大，美国决策者决心“除掉”其本人，为此策划并实施了投毒、枪击等暗杀
行动。同时，美国政府开始帮助卡萨武布-蒙博托建立一个合法的临时过渡政府。
昀终，冲伯杀害卢蒙巴在大程度上解决了艾森豪威尔的心头之患，但是刚果问题
并未因此而得到根本上的解决。
第四章重点围绕肯尼迪的刚果新政策及其重建刚果合法政府展开。肯尼迪在一定程度上克服了前任政府应对刚果问题的应急性与随意性，并根据亚非国家力
量增强的新形势，试图通过民主方式解决刚果危机。为此，他制定出以建立基础
qq空间留言广泛的政府为中心的刚果新政策。阿杜拉政府建立后，加丹加分裂势力依然
粤语音乐
在西
方盟国的支持下不肯妥协。肯尼迪则在打-谈之间犹豫不决，延缓了解决刚果分
裂的进程。哈马舍尔德之死促使美国对加丹加的态度逐渐强硬，迫使冲伯与阿杜
拉签订了形式上结束分裂的基托纳协定。
第五章主要探讨肯尼迪政府结束加丹加分裂的努力。肯尼迪首先支持阿杜拉逮捕基赞加，彻底消除了斯坦利维尔的威胁。但是，在加丹加问题上，肯尼迪依
然迁就西方盟国，继续主张通过政治和谈解决。至 1962 年中期，美国政府提出
本质上仍以和解为主，避免使用武力而采取严厉经济制裁的“吴丹计划”。冲伯
并未真正接受，致使该计划无果而终。随后，肯尼迪决定支持联合国加大对加丹
卫生纸牌子加军事打击的力度，但仍以促使冲伯和谈为限度。昀终，联合国部队自行以武力
迅速解决了加丹加分裂，也使得肯尼迪政府两年来的和谈政策彻底破产。关键词：美国；刚果危机；卢蒙巴；哈马舍尔德；吴丹计划Abstract
During the period 1960 to 1963, CongoLeopoldvilleCrisis became a focus of the Cold War. The United States dealt with it from the perspective of
the global cold war, and its containment policy of Soviet Union's expansion
小丑演出was the preponderant goal of all foreign policy. However, the Western colonial powers treated it as their colonial and regional benefits, and
strongly oppod to American exorbitant intervention in Congo and AfricaThe new Afro-Asia Powers supported the Congole nationalism's appeal,
and tried to be the third important force. The growing n of Congole
nationalists didn't care about the Cold War between the two Camps, but
中国研究生招生网官网about Congole sovereignty and territorial integrity. It was doomed to
irreconciliability for the American government that the above-mentioned
contradictions mingled with conflicts. The American policy-makers had to
oscillate according to the urgency of the caThe paper is divided three parts. The introduction reviews the prent
studies and literatures about this topic. The conclusion summarizes the main
findings about American Congole policy. The main body explains the rearch questions with five chapters
Chapter one examines the background, focus on the evolution of American policy towards Africa and Belgian Congo during the 1950s. With
the expansion of Cold War, American African policy had changed from resources-oriented to ideology-oriented. During the 1950s, American government drew up its lf-governed policy with the African
decolonization, meanwhile it must consider it's European allies. Therefore,
American African policies couldn't break away from the traditional Europe-oriented policyChapter two introduces American reactions and countermeasures
during the two months after independence of Congo. Taking chance of Congole chaos, Belgium nd force into Congo and supported Katangan cession. The Congole nationalists headed by Primier Minister Lumumba
昆明一日游had a recour to the Super-powers to maintain Congole sovereignty. To
avoid Soviet "Korean-style" involvement, Einhower administration supported United Nations to maintain Congole order. However, Lumumba tired to end Katangan cession with Soviet assistance, which made
American effort in vain. So overthrowing his political power became Einhower's next major objective
Chapter three analys American effort to overthrow Lumumba's
regime, even to assassinate him. Einhower administration supported the
President Kasavubu dismissal of Lumumba, and then staged a coup d'etatAmerican policy-makers determined to assassinate Lumumba becau of his
influence, and carried out some plans for that. At the same time, American
leaders began to consider a Kasavubu-Mobutu's temporary government. The
death of Lumumba to some extent made Einhower calm down, but Congo crisis continuedChapter four elaborates Kennedy's new Congo policy. To some extent,
火影忍者头像鸣人
he overcame the predecessor's lash-up policy, and tried to ttle Congo
trouble with a democracy-style method. He drew up a new Congo policy of
a broadly bad government. After Adula's government established,
Katangan cession continued, and Kennedy's hesitation between force and
