现代语言学名词解释（2）
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现代语言学名词解释
5 allophone音位变体: The different phones which can reprent a phoneme in different phonetic environment are called the allophones of that phoneme. 6 Complementary distribution互补分布: The two allophones of the same phoneme are said to be in Complementary distribution.土木建筑工程
7 Minimal pair极小队: When two different forms are identical in every way except for one sound gment which occurs in the same place in the stings, the two words are said to form a minimal pair.
一流学科名单8 Stress: When a certain syllable of a word is stresd, it means that the syllable is pronounced with great force than the other or others.
论文感谢致辞9 tones声调: Tones are pitch variation, which are caud by the different rates of vibration of the vocal cords. Pitch variations can distinguish meaning just like phoneme; therefore, th
e tone is a supragmental feature.
10 intonation语调: When pitch, stress and sound length are tied to the ntence rather than the word in isolation, they are collectively known as intonation. Intonation plays an important role in conveying meaning in almost every language, especially in a language like English
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三 形态学
1 morphology形态学: Morphology is a branch of grammar which studies the internal structure of words and the rules by which words are formed. 2 inflectional morphology转折形态学: Inflectional morphology studies the inflections of word-formation.
3 derivational morphology派生形态学: Derivational morphology is the study of word-formation.
4 morpheme词素: Morpheme is the smallest meaningful unit of language.
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5 free morpheme自由形态: Free morpheme are the morphemes which are independent units of meaning and can be ud freely all by themlves or in combination with other morphemes.玻璃清洁
6 bound morpheme黏着语素: Bound morphemes are the morphemes which cannot be ud independently but have to be combined with other morphemes, either free or bound, to form a word.
《现代语言学名词解释》
