2014年杭州电子科技大学外国语学院801英汉互译考研真题及详解
（试题共二大题，共2页，总分150分）
检省
一、第一题：英译汉（本题共75分）
Anyone with a passion for hanging labels on people or things should have little difficulty in recognizing that all apt tag for our time is the Unkempt Generation. I am not referring solely to college kids. The sloppiness virus has spread to all ctors of society People go to all sorts of trouble and expen to look uncombed, unshaved, unpresd.
The symbol of the times is blue jeans—not just blue jeans in good condition but jeans that are flayed, torn, discolored. They don’t get that way naturally. No one wants blue jeans that are crisply clean or spanking new. Manufacturers recognize a big market when they e it And they compete with one another to offer jeans that are made to look as though they’re just been discarded by clumsy hou painters after ten years of wear The more faded and emingly ancient the garment, the higher the cost. Disheveled is in fashion; neatness is obsolete.
Nothing is wrong with comfortable clothing. It’s just that current usage is more reflective of a slavish conformity than a desire for ea. No generation has strained harder than ours to affect a casual, relaxed, cool look; none has succeeded more spectacularly in looking as though it had been stamped out by cookie cutters. The attempt to avoid any appearance of being well groomed or even neat has a
quality of desperation about it and suggests a calculated and phony deprivation. We shun conventionality, but we put on a uniform to do it. An appearance of alienation is the triumphant goal, to be pursued in oversize sweaters and muddy sneakers.
Slovenly speech comes off the same spool. Vocabulary, like blue jeans, is being drained of color and distinction. A complete ntence in everyday speech is as rare as a man’s tie in the swank Polo Lounge of the Beverly Hills Hotel. People communicate in chopped-up phras, relying on grunts and chants of “you know”or “I mean”to cover up a damnable incoherence Neatness should be no less important in language than it is in dress. But spew and sprawl are taking over. The English lang
uage is one of the greatest sources of wealth in the world. In the midst of accessible riches, we are linguistic paupers.
Violence in language has become almost as casual as the posssion of handguns. The curious notion has taken hold that emphasis in communication is impossible without the incessant u of four-letter words. Some screenwriters openly admit that they are careful not to turn in scripts that are devoid of foul language lest the classification office impo the cur of a (general) rating. Motion-picture exhibitors have a strong preference for the R(Restricted) rating, probably on the theory of forbidden fruit. Hence writers and producers have every incentive to employ tasteless language and gory scenes. (473 words)
心愿的作文
【参考译文】
酱鸭舌
任何一个喜欢给别人或事物贴标签的人应该不难发现我们这个时代合适的标签是“邋遢
的一代”。我说这话不仅仅是针对大学生。邋遢这种病毒已经蔓延到社会各个部分。人们刻意呈现一幅蓬头散发、边幅不修、衣着不整的形象。
如今时代潮流的象征是穿蓝色牛仔裤——不是完好的牛仔裤，而是打磨过的，撕裂开的，和褪色了的牛仔裤。正常穿着磨损很难达到上述效果。没有人喜欢穿干净崭新的牛仔裤。生产商意识到这将是个潜力巨大的市场，于是展开了激烈地竞争，生产出的牛仔裤好像是笨拙的油漆工人穿了十年之后扔掉的一样。衣服看上去越褪色越旧，成本越高。时下流行的是衣冠不整，服饰整洁已不合时宜。
求舒适原本并无过错。问题是目前人们的着装习惯与其说是为了寻求舒适，倒不如说盲目追求单调一致。没有哪一代人像我们这一代这样努力装出一付随便、轻松、酷的样子，没有哪一代人如此出奇成功地塑造出看出犹如饼干模子压出来一样的形象。这种避免服饰考究、衣着整洁形象的努力真是煞费苦心，显出故意装出的虚假穷酸相。我们避免落入俗套，但是我们却穿上制服来实现该目标。树立标新立异的形象是最终目标，为了成功塑造这种形象，各个都穿上了超大号的毛衣和沾满泥巴的运动鞋。
言语杂乱如出一辙。词汇就像蓝色牛仔裤正失去色彩和特性。日常生活中很难听到一句完整的句子，就好像贝弗利山庄酒店的豪华水球休闲厅里很难见到打领带的绅士。人们在交流的时候，说的话老是支离破碎，全靠“你知道吧”“我是说”等口头禅来掩盖该死的语无伦次。其实语言利落和穿衣整洁一样重要。但现在肆意辱骂和衣着懒散之风却尘嚣日上。英语是世界最大的语言财富之一。富饶的语言资源触手可及，我们却宁愿成为语言的乞丐。
语言粗野几乎就像拥有枪支一样随便。这种古怪的观念已经根深蒂固，以至于有些人在言谈中必需借助连篇脏话才能表达自己的想法。很多电影剧本作家都坦白说他们会尽量避免递交上的剧本中没有一些污言秽语，以防电影分级办公室把该剧本定为G级电影片。（这对电影来说无疑是施加了紧箍咒）电影院老板非常偏爱R级电影，很可能是根据禁果理论。
因此剧本作家和制片人总是不遗余力地在影片中加入低俗的对白和血腥的镜头。
心怎么画二、第二题：汉译英（本题共75分）杂菜汤
吴先生具备一位教师应具备的一切条件，只是不善于启发学生。他像钟表一样守时，像奴隶船上的一名划船工那样辛苦地备课。讲课时，凡引用书中原文，别人也许会照本宣科念给学生听，他却不管篇幅多长，都要全部背下来。阐述任何问题，他都是“第一……，第二……”条理清晰，活像一位教官在练兵，有点干巴，但绝不会空泛。他不是那种口若悬河讲得天花乱坠，细想却让人不知所云的教师。他讲的东西全都是有内容的，可能观点不全正确，但至少不会放空炮。他从不拐弯抹角地提出任何观点，总是十分明确有力地表达出来。换句话说，他从不怕对任何意见表示自己的态度。对于一些历史史实，尤其是百科全书和各种参考书中可以找到的史实，吴先生是无懈可击的。你只能和他公正地争
论有关鉴赏或阐释的问题。也正是在这方面，吴先生暴露了他的弱点。但是这一弱点，并不是由于说理不清或立意不诚，这个弱点是人文主义者所具有的观点中固有的，而且是作为白碧德（Babbit; Babbitian）
人文主义者所固有的。遗憾的是吴先生使自己被白碧德人文主义吸引住了，使得他的所有观点无不染上白碧德人文主义的色彩。伦理和艺术可悲地纠缠在一起，你常常搞不清他是在阐释文学问题呢，还是在宣讲道德问题。（489字）
蒙古人种【参考译文】
Mr. Wu is everything that a teacher ought to be, except to be inspiring. Punctual as a clock, he works like a galley-slave at his lectures. Where others would read a quotation out of a book, he would memorize it, however long it might be. He is as orderly as a drill-rgeant in the exposition of any subject, with his “firstly this” and “condly that.” Dull, perhaps; but never pointless. He is not one of thoppt打印
世界上最长的古诗
teachers, who talk of everything and say nothing. What he says does mean something: it may be wrong, but at least it is not hot air. He never hedges about any point; he always puts his foot plump on it. In other words, he is never afraid of committing himlf to an opinion. On matters of fact, especially of tho facts which are to be found in encyclopedias and books of reference, Mr. Wu is unimpeachable. One can only fairly quarrel with him on matters of taste or of interpretation. In the, Mr. Wu shows his weakness; but it is not a weakness, due to haziness or any failing in sincerity: it is a weakness, inherent in his point of view, which is that of a humanist—a Babbitian humanist, at that. It is a pity Mr. Wu has allowed himlf to be lured into Babbitian humanism. As it is, all his views are colored by it. Ethics and art get woefully mixed up. Often, one is puzzled whether he is delivering himlf on a question of literature or of morality.
