2014年英语专八阅读+写作
吹个大气球
腊肉怎么处理TEM-8 (2014)
PART II READING COMPREHENSION (30 MIN)
TEXT A
My class at Harvard Business School helps students understand what good management theory is and how it is built. In each ssion, we look at one company through the lens of different theories, using them to explain how the company got into its situation and to examine what action will yield the needed results. On the last day of class, I asked my class to turn tho theoretical lens on themlves to find answers to two questions: First, How can I be sure I’ll be happy in my career? Second, How can I be sure my relationships with my spou and my family will become an enduring source of happiness? Here are some management tools that can be ud to help you lead a purpoful life.
1. U Your Resources Wily内存怎么清理. Your decisions about allocating your personal time, energ
y, and talent shape your life’s strategy. I have a bunch of “business” that compete for the resources: I’m trying to have a rewarding relationship with my wife, rai great kids, contribute to my community, succeed in my career, and contribute to my church. And I have exactly the same problem that a corporation does. I have a limited amount of time, energy and talent. How much do I devote to each of the pursuits?
Allocation choices can make your life turn out to very different from what you intended. Sometimes that’s good: opportunities that you have never planned for emerge. But if you don’t invest your resources wily, the outcome can be bad. As I think about my former classmates who inadvertently invested in lives of hollow unhappiness, I can’t help believing that their troubles related right back to a short-term perspective.
When people with a high need for achievement have an extra half hour of time or an extra ounce of energy, they’ll unconsciously allocate it to activities that yield the most tangible accomplishments. Our careers provide the most concrete evidence that we’re moving forward. You ship a product, finish a design, complete a prentation, clo
a sale teach a class, publish a paper, get paid, get promoted. In contrast, investing time and energy in your relationships with your spou and children typically doesn’t offer the same immediate n of achievement. Kids misbehave every day. It’s really not until 20 years down the road that you can say, “I raid a good son or a good daughter.” You can neglect your relationship with your spou and on a daily basis it doesn’t em as if thing are deteriorating. People who are driven to excel have this unconscious propensity to under invest in their families and overinvest in their careers, even though intimate and loving family relationships are the most powerful and enduring source of happiness.
If you study the root caus of business disasters, over and over you’ll find this predisposition toward endeavors that offer immediate gratification. If you look at personal lives through that lens, you’ll e that same stunning and sobering pattern: people allocating fewer and fewer resources to the things they would have once said mattered most. 小学英语翻译
2. Create A Family Culture. It’s one thing to e into the foggy future with a acuity and c
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hart the cour corrections a company must make. But it’s quite another to persuade employees to line up and work cooperatively to take the company in that new direction.
When there is little agreement, you have to u “power tools” – coercion, threats, punishments and so on, to cure cooperation. But if employee’s ways of working together succeed over and over, connsus begins to form. Ultimately, people don’t even think about whether their way yields success. They embrace priorities and follow procedures by instinct and assumption rather than by explicit decision, which means that they’ve created a culture. Culture, in compelling but unspoken ways, dictates the proven, acceptable methods by which member s of a group address recurrent problems. And culture defines the priority given to different types of problems. It can be a powerful management tool.
I u this model to address the question, How can I be my family becomes an enduring source of happiness? My students quickly e that the simplest way parents can elicit cooperation from children is to wield power tools. But there comes a point during the teen
years when power tools no longer work. At that point, parents start wishing they had begun working with their children at a very young age to build a culture in which children instinctively behave respectfully toward one another, obey their parents, and choo the right thing to do. Families have cultures, just a companies do. Tho cultures can be built consciously.
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雷锋塔If you want your kids to have strong lf-esteem and the confidence that they can solve hard problems, tho qualities won’t magically materialize in high school. You have to design them into family’s culture and you have think about this very early on. Like employees, children build lf-esteem by doing things that are hard and learning what works.
