美国著名演讲关于habit
My name is Charles Duhigg. And I’m the author of this book The Power of Habit.
So imagine for a minute that you have this cookie problem. Okay, a cookie habit. Every day you go up in the afternoon. Let’s say, you work in a building in midtown. It’s called The New York Times. On the 14th floor is cafeteria with this amazing, amazing cookie lection. And you put this little note on your monitor that says Do not eat the cookie. And then every afternoon you manage to ignore that note and go upstairs and get a cookie. And imagine for a minute that this has caud you to put on a little bit of weight, let’s say, roughly 8.7 pounds. And when I say you, what I actually mean is me. Becau I’m describing my life at eating cookies.
妇康宁So I was really interested in why. I, a successful human being, won a Pulitzer Prize last week, I think I’m a pretty smart guy. Why I have this difficulty resisting cookies, right? There’s a lot of things I can do in my life. And I began rearching the science of habits, what, how habits work. And what I learned is that we’re actually living through this golden a
ge of understanding the neurology of habit formation. I ended up writing this book out of it. And I want to tell you a little bit about what I learned and what it has to do with teaching kids in mindfulness. But in order to do it, first of all, I have to tell you a story about a rat.萧红小说
二年级语文作业Anyone here ever experiment with rats before? Anyone ever ride the subway? Okay, then you got a lot of experience with rats. There is a woman named Dr. N Graybill who has for years been doing experiments with rats. She is a neurologist and for years she was trying to get nsors into rats’ cranium so she could measure what was going on inside their skulls. This took a long time and a lot of rats. But eventually she got to a point where she could get about 150 nsors inside a rat’s skull and she could measure its neurological activity. What she’d do with each rat after it woke up from the surgery was exact same thing. She would drop it in the world’s simplest maze — works every some time. Click. A partition would move, the rat’s free to run through the maze and find the chocolate. Every rat when you drop it in the maze the first time acts like the world’s laziest animal. It will like wander up and down, and get to the end and will e the chocolate, it will go the other direction. It takes on average about 13 minutes for it to find the chocolate.
结婚证怎么办
And for years people thought that this is becau rats are unusually dumb. And that if a rat can learn something, then any animal could learn. But Dr. Graybill could actually e inside a rat’s head, and what she saw was kind of fascinating. This is a simplified neurological graph, the first time a rat is dropped in this maze. There’s all the spikes in activity, right? Basically the rate would like scratch the walls, the scratching center of its brain would light up, but it’d find the chocolate, and the pleasure centers would light up. This is what unmediated learning looks like.
指压止血法So Dr Graybill takes this rat, she drops each of them in the maze again and again 150 times. Over time unsurprisingly the rat learns how to run through the maze faster and faster and faster, find the chocolate. But what’s really interesting is what happens inside its head. As the rat learns to run faster and faster as finding the chocolate becomes more of an automatic habit, the rat starts thinking less and less and less. This graph on the bottom is a simplified neurological graph of the 150th iteration through that maze. What you’ll notice is this deep valley there, right? That’s the same value you would e if the rat went to sleep.鸡肉炖萝卜
Now all of us have had — there’s a rearcher named Wendy Wood who followed around a couple of thousand people to e how much of our daily behaviors were habits. And what she found is that about 40% to 45% of the decisions we make actually every day aren’t actually decisions, they’re habits. And if somehow I could get 150 nsors into your head, this is exactly what I would e. Your mental activity dropping off in the middle of that habit. When you remember waking up in the morning, or walking in the subway and now you’re at your desk but you don’t remember what happened in the middle. Or when you decided that morning to have a salad but you get to lunch and you order a hamburger just like you did yesterday. This is what’s happening.
Your brain is kind of turning off with the two interesting exceptions. At the beginning of the habit, when the rat would hear the click, there’d be this burst of activity, and then esntially the brain would power down. And then at the end when it found the chocolate, it is if the rat would sort of shake itlf awake again and notice what was going on. Within neurology this is such an important idea and finding this become known as the habit loop. And what it says is that every habit history components, there’s a cue which is like an aut
房改房政策广东顺德omatic trigger for a behavior to start. And then a routine which is the behavior itlf and then finally a reward that helps your brain remember that pattern for the future.
