The deadliest of the sins 七罪惰为首
What shall we talk about, you and I, who are getting our first degrees from Queen's University today? The problem is a little easier than is usually the ca, becau we are both going into new jobs. I have been an author for many years, and I intend to go on being one. But being an author isn't a job -it is a state of mind; also, it is not a gainful occupation except in a rather restricted n. I have been earning my living as journalist for twenty years, and now I am giving up that sort of work to take a different sort of job in a university. I shall be very green at it, and I expect I shall do a lot of things the wrong way. Perhaps I shall be a failure, but I have failed at veral things already, and somehow I have lived through it. Failure at a specific task is always disagreeable and sometimes it is humiliating. But there is only one kind of failure that really breaks the spirit, and that is failure in the art of life itlf. That is the failure that one does well to fear.
今天是你我从女王大学获得人生中第一个学位的日子，我们该谈些什么呢？既然我们都将开始新的工作，那么问题就简单多了。我成为一个作家已经有些年头了，我也想接着干下去。
但是成为一名作家，可以说并不是一件工作，而更像是一种心态。当然，除了少部分人，当作家也不能挣很多钱。二十年来，我作为一名记者谋生，现在我辞职不，并在大学里找到了一份与以往不同的新工作。我全无经验，也料到难免会错误百出，也许我会失败。当然之前在一些事情上我也失败过，但谢天谢地我都挺过来了。工作上的失败固然总是让人不快和蒙羞，但是令人心灰意冷的失败却只有一种，那就是生活态度上的“失败”。它才是我们真正应该畏惧的失败。
当机是什么意思What is it like, this failure in the art of life? It is the failure which manifests itlf in a loss of interest in really important things. It does not come suddenly, there is nothing dramatic about it, and thus it works with a dreadful advantage; it creeps upon us, and once it has us in its grip, it is hard for us to recognize what ails us .
这种所谓的生活态度上的党的现阶段任务“失败”是什么呢？当一个人对自己生命中真正重要的那些事物丧失兴趣时，我们就能在这个人的身上看到那种“失败财富的英语”。它一点也不引人注目，从不突然而至，这也成了它发生作用的有利条件。它如一道阴影笼罩在人们的身后，渐渐遮住人们生命中的光亮，而那些被它完全俘获的人们自己却很难发现是什么东西在折磨着他们。
排除异己
It is not for nothing that this failure was reckoned by medieval theologians as one of the Seven Deadly Sins. I suppo you know what they were. Wrath, Gluttony, Envy, Avarice, and Lechery are not very hard to recognize and are perilously easy to justify, by one means or another. Pride is an extremely subtle sin becau it is so clever at disguising itlf as something el, and tho astute men St. Ambro and St. Augustine thought it the most dangerous of all the sins. But it is the venth which I think is particularly prevalent in our day; medieval theologians called it Sloth.
这种“失败”被中世纪的神学家们确定为七宗罪之一不是没有道理的。想必大家对七宗罪并不陌生。愤怒，暴食，妒忌，贪婪和色欲这五宗并不难甄别，傲慢则因容易与其他品质混淆而变得难以捉摸，因此智者如圣·安布罗斯、圣大奶同事·奥古斯丁就认为傲慢是七宗罪中最危险的一个。但是我却认为七宗罪中的最后一宗才是现如今人们最容易犯的罪行，那些神学家把它称作“怠惰”。
Sloth is not really a suitable name for it now, becau the word has come to mean a sluggishness and inactivity which is chiefly physical. But the sloth the theologians meant,
the sloth which can damn you in this world and perhaps in the next, is spiritual. There was a better name, a Latin name, for it was also called Accidie, and it meant intellectual and spiritual torpor, indifference, and lethargy.
“怠惰”大概不是一个恰当的词语，因为现在它的语义主要是指在生理方面的行动迟缓或疏于运动。而神学家所谓的“怠惰”则是精神层面的，怠惰能够让人永生永世受煎熬。也许用另一个拉丁词语称呼它更加贴切，就是“Accidie”，它的意思是智力和精神上的迟钝、麻痹、无所用心和了无生气。
To be guilty of Acedia it is not necessary to be physically sluggish at all. You can be as busy as a bee. You can fill your days with activity, busting from meeting to meeting, sitting on committees, running from one party to another in a perfect whirlwind of movement. But if, meanwhile, your feelings and nsibilities are withering, if your relationships with people near to you are becoming more and more superficial, if you are losing touch even with yourlf, it is Acedia which has claimed you for its own.
犯下这种“怠惰”的罪行和生理上的怠惰没有太多的关系，你甚至可能像一只蜜蜂那样忙碌，
日程表排的满满的，在会议和派对之中周旋不停。但是，如果你在忙碌的过程中，只是疲于应付，其实心力交瘁；如果你和周围人的关系越来越流于表面；如果你变得越来越认不清自己……那么，你已经是“怠惰”班干部竞选的俘虏了。
How can it be recognized? Anatole France said that the great danger of increasing age was that the feelings atrophied, and we mistook the nsation for the growth of wisdom. It is true that as one grows older, one's n of proportion may become greater, and things which troubled us or wounded us deeply in our youth em less significant. But that is a different thing from feeling nothing deeply, and leaping to the conclusion that therefore nothing is really very important. As one grows older, one learns how to spare onelf many kinds of unnecessary pain, but one is in great danger if one ceas to feel pain of any kind. If you cannot feel pain at some of the harsh circumstances of life, it is very likely that you have cead to feel joy at some of the satisfactions and delights of life. When that happens, one lives at all times under a mental and spiritual cloud; it is always wet weather in the soul. That is Acedia, and it was called a Deadly Sin becau it dimmed and discouraged the spirit , and at last killed it .
如何发现这种状况呢？安纳托利·法兰西说年岁增长的最大危险就在于将日渐怠惰的感觉误认为是智随年长。当然，年纪越大，越通世故，年轻时困扰我们伤害我们的事情也能渐渐释怀。但这种睿智的养成和变得无所用心，玩世不恭可不是一回事。在一个人成长的过程中，他会慢慢学会怎样不为那些不重要的事情烦恼，但其中存在的危险就在于有一天他可能对所有的事情都麻木不仁。如果你对人生中的苦难感觉不到痛苦，那么很可能你对人生中的欢乐和幸福也会无动于衷。当出现这种状况，一个人的精神世界就被重重乌云所笼罩，阳光再也照射不到他的灵魂深处。这就是“怠惰”，之所以如此要命就因为它能消磨人生命的激情，并最终抹杀干净。
游岳阳楼记I am sure that all of you know some people who have yielded to Acedia. They are the dampers, the wet blankets of life. Unfortunately some of them have a great attraction for the young. Their chronic lack of enthusiasm looks so much like sophistication. They are often clever people, who are adept at putting a chilly finger on the weak spot in whatever attracts their friends. They ldom make mistakes, becau they never put themlves in a position where they are not complete masters of the situation. They take a sly pleasure in the failure of others, and they are always ready to say ' I told you so '. They have made
just one great — indeed monstrous — mistakes: they have died to joy and pain, and thus to feeling .
