中考英语知识复习总结与正误辨析（十一）
中学生英语学习常见错误总结表（二）
had better
［误］ You have better hurry.
［正］ You had better hurry.
［析］ had better只用过去时had，不要误用成现在时have。
［误］ You hadn't better worry.
［正］ You had better not worry.
［析］ had better后面加不带to的不定式，其否定式是'had better not+动词原形'。
就业自荐书
half
［误］ I had driven about half mile.
［正］ I had driven about half a mile.
［析］ '半小时'有两种讲法half an hour, a half hour. 而'一个半小时'应讲an hour and a half或one and a half hours.'半天'应讲half a day，'半镑'应讲half a pound.但要尽量避免使用half a year，而应用six months；不用half a month, 而用two weeks或fifteen days.
［误］ Half us could go to the park.
［正］ Half of us could go to the park.
［析］ half用于名词前可用of结构也可不用of结构，但用于代词前则必须加of。如：More than half (of) my classmates are boys.
女生生日［误］ One and half apples are left on the table.
［正］ One and half apples is left on the table.
［析］ 一个半one and half后面的名词要用复数，而句中的谓语动词却要用单数。
［误］ Half of the work are done. 睫毛夹的正确用法
羊肉炒面片［正］ Half of the work is done.
［误］ Half of the six apples is red.
［正］ Half of the six apples are red.
［析］ 'half of+名词'这一结构后面的谓语动词应与of后面的名词相一致，如为不可数名词
或可数名词单数，要用单数谓语动词；而复数名词后面要加与复数相对应的谓语动词。
hand
［误］ He shook hand with his teacher.
［正］ He shook hands with his teacher.
［析］ 与某人握手要用shake hands. 与hand有关的词组中有很多要用复数形式，如：change hands (转手、易手)，in the hands of (由……控制)，join hands (与人合作)。
happen
［误］ What was happened to you last month?
［正］ What happened to you last month?
［误］ An accident was happened in this street last night.
［正］ An accident happened in this street last night.
［析］ 在英语中不及物动词没有被动态，作为'发生'讲的happen，take place和break out都不具有被动态。happen to常用来表达一件偶然发生的事，如：If you happen to meet my sister plea ask her to call me.
hard
［误］ I have to study hardly.
［正］ I have to study hard.
［析］ hard是形容词，如：a hard work，但它同时也是副词。hardly是hard的又一副词形式，但词意截然不同，意为'几乎不'。
［误］ I had my leg broken last term， so I couldn't hardly study at all.
［正］ I had my leg broken last term so I hardly studied at all.
［析］ hardly意为'否定'，所以不要再加否定词语了，如果hardly用于句首则应采用倒装语序，如：Hardly had he arrived when she started complaining.
have
什么是长征
［误］ I had my boy do his homework from morning till noon.
［正］ I had my boy doing his homework from morning till noon.
［析］ 用have somebody do something还是doing something要取决句子的意思和句中的时间状语。
［误］ I have my bike to repair.
［正］ I have my bike repaired.
［析］ have something done这一句型是让某事被别人去作，请看下面两句意义的不同：I have repaired my bike. (我自己已修好了自行车。)而I have my bike repaired.(我把车推出去让别人修理了。)
［误］ Could you give me some money if you have.
［正］ Could you give me some money if you have any.
画白雪公主［析］ '如果你有的话'一句译为英文应加上any一词，如：I want some books if there is any.
headache
［误］ I've got headache.
［正］ I've got a headache.
［析］ Headache是一个规则的可数名词，所以可以讲：My mother often gets headaches. 但是'牙痛'toothache，'肚子痛'stomache ache等却都可以用作不可数名词，如：I've got toothache. 但也可用作可数名词。
hear
［误］ He was heard sing in the next room.
［正］ He was heard to sing in the next room.
鱼妖
［析］ hear somebody do something这一句式用于被动语态时要把原来省略的不定式to还原回来。而在hear somebody doing something这一句式中则不会出现上述问题。如，主动态：I heard her singing in the next room. 变为被动态时为：She was heard singing in the next room. 这种用法还适用于e, look, obrve, watch, notice, listen to等。
hear listen to
hear一词为听见了什么，或听到什么，强调其结果；而listen to则强调有意要听，听的倾向。如：I want to listen to you, but I hear nothing.
但词组hear about (of)则为'听说过'之意，如：I heard about this. (我听说过此事。)而hear from则为'收到某人信件'之意：I often hear from my girl friend.
help
［误］ Plea help my homework.
［正］ Plea help me do my homework.
［正］ Plea help me with my homework.
［析］ help其句型是help somebody do (to do) something. 意为'帮某人作某事'，但在较古老的语法中不带to的不定式表示句子的主语参加这个动作，如：He help his mother cook the meal. 即'他和母亲一起作饭。'而He help me to do my homework. 则是'他指导我做作业'。但在现代英语中这个区别则往往被取消了。所以带to与不带to的不定式在句中意思相同，并无区别。
［误］ When I read the play I can't help to think of my childhood.
［正］ When I read the play I can't help thinking of my childhood.
［析］ can't help doing something是'身不由己，情不自禁做某事'。
三宝乐啤酒［误］ Help yourlf with some cakes.
［正］ Help yourlf to some cakes.
［析］ 中文中讲'你自己拿蛋糕吃'，英文中要用help somebody to something.
here
［误］ Here the bus comes!
［正］ Here comes the bus!
［析］ 副词在句首时一般要用倒装语序，即谓语动词的位置前移。但是，若主语如是人称代词，则还是要用正常语序，如：Here we are!
high
［误］ He is very high.
［正］ He is very tall.
［析］ 英语中的两个'高'high和tall，其中tall指人指物都是可以的，但high则只指物体的高，所以可以讲This building is the highest building in the city.但tall一般不用来指山脉的高低。
