变化规则 | 例词 | |
一般情况下 | 在词尾直接加s | hou→hous |
以s, x, ch，sh 结尾 的名词 | 在词尾加es | box→boxes brush→brushes |
以th 结尾的名词 | 在词尾直接加s | path→paths mouth→mouths month→months |
以辅音字母＋ y结尾的名词 | 变y为i 再加es | city→cities party→parties |
以o结尾 的名词 | 外来词常加s | radio—radios， piano→pianos（外来词）; photo→photos; zoo- zoos; bamboo-bamboos; photo→photos |
有些在词 尾加es | Negro→Negroes hero→heroes echo→echoes potato→potatoes tomato→tomatoes | |
既可以在 词尾加es， 也可以加s | zero→zeros (zeroes) mosquito→mosquitos/ mosquitoes volcano→volcanos/ volcanoes | |
以f, fe 结尾的名词 | 一般要变f或 fe为v再加es | lf→lves wolf→wolves |
少数直接加s | belief→beliefs | |
变化规则 | 例词 |
变内部 元音 | man→men, woman→women，foot→feet, mou→mice, goo→gee, tooth→teeth 注 German---Germans Roman---Romans 顺口溜：中日瑞不变，英法都要变，其他国人加S。 |
词尾加 en或ren | ox→oxen，child→children |
单复数 同形 | sheep，deer，means (方式；方法), ries, Chine, Swiss 口诀： 中日警察好友来聚会，鹿、羊、鱼、牛齐齐把家回。 |
类别 | 例词 |
形容词＋后缀ly | clear→clearly, great→greatly， loud→loudly, sudden→suddenly, sincere→sincerely |
以辅音字母y结尾的形容词，把y变为i再加ly | happy→happily, heavy→heavily, angry→angrily, lucky→luckily, noisy→noisily |
词尾为ble/le的形容词，去掉e，再加y | terrible→terribly, possible→possibly, gentle→gently, probable→probably, comfortable→comfortably, responsible→responsibly， suitable→suitably |
词尾为ue的形容词，去掉e再加ly | true→truly |
词尾为ll的形容词，直接加y | full→fully, dull→dully |
词尾为ic的形容词，加ally | basic→basically, scientific→scientifically, specific→specifically, automatic→automatically |
构成规则 | 原形 | 单数形式 |
一般在动词后直接加s | help | helps |
以s, x, ch, sh等结尾和以“辅音字母＋o”结尾的动词加es | express | express |
mix | mixes | |
wash | washes | |
watch | watches | |
do | does | |
以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的动词，变y为i再加es | rely | relies |
构成规则 | 原形 | 现在分词 |
一般情况下直接加ing | buy | buying |
以不发音的字母e结尾的，去掉e再加ing | continue | continuing |
ride | riding | |
以重读闭音节结尾，且词尾只有一个辅音字母的，双写这个辅音字母再加ing | put | putting |
occur | occurring | |
prefer | preferring | |
少数以ie结尾的，变ie为y，再加ing | die | dying |
lie | lying | |
以oe, ee, ye结尾的，直接加ing | agree | agreeing |
dye | dyeing | |
构成规则 | 原形 | 过去式 | 过去分词 |
一般情况下加ed | help | helped | helped |
以不发音的e结尾的直接加d | like | liked | liked |
live | lived | 渊鱼 lived | |
以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的动词，变y为i再加ed | try | tried | tried |
study | studied | studied | |
cry | cried | cried | |
以重读闭音节结尾，且词尾只有一个辅音字母的，双写这个辅音字母再加ed | stop | stopped | stopped |
nod | nodded | nodded | |
permit | permitted | permitted | |
原形 | 过去式 | 过去分词 | 汉语意思 |
read | read | read | 读 |
cut | cut | cut | 切，割 |
let | let | 服务的细节let | 让 |
put | put | put | 放 |
cost | cost | cost | 花费，值 |
hit | hit | hit | 撞，击 |
t | t | t | 安排，安置 |
hurt | hurt | hurt | 使…伤痛 |
原形 | 过去式 | 过去分词 | 汉语意思 |
become | became | become | 成为 |
come | came | come | 特色美食小吃来 |
run | ran | run | 跑 |
原形 | 过去式 | 过去分词 | 汉语意思 |
blow | blew | blown | 吹 |
draw | drew | drawn | 画 |
grow | grew | grown | 生长 |
know | knew | known | 知道 |
fly | flew | flown | 飞 |
throw | threw | thrown | 抛、扔、 |
原形 | 过去式 | 过去分词 | 汉语意思 |
begin | began | begun | 开始 |
drink | drank | drunk | 喝 |
sing | sang | sung | 恋上一座城唱 |
swim | swam | swum | 游泳 |
ring | rang | rung | 打电话 |
原形 | 过去式 | 过去分词 | 汉语意思 |
wear | wore | worn | 穿 |
forget | forgot | forgotten | 忘记 |
speak | spoke | 红枣桂圆汤功效与作用 spoken | 说 |
freeze | froze | frozen | 冻 |
choo | cho | chon | 选择 |
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