Unit 2.Comparison of Chine and Western cultural values
nba个人总得分榜
Section 1. Definition of values
▪ What are values？
▪ Values are broad, abstract concepts which provide the foundation that underlies a people’s entire way of life.
▪ Values are a learned organization of rules for making choices and for resolving conflicts. The "rules" and guideposts are normative and teach us what is uful, good, right, wrong, what to strive for, how to live our life, and even what to die for.
Types of values
▪ 昆明到大理1. Universal values
▪ 2. culture-specific values
▪ 3. individual values
Exerci: point out the values reflected in the following proverbs
▪ 1. Blood is thicker than water. (origin: Scotland)
▪ (the bonds of family and common ancestry are stronger than tho bonds between unrelated people ,such as friendship) family, loyalty
▪ 2. Sauce for the goo is sauce for the gander. (origin: England)
▪ (if a particular type of behavior is acceptable for one person, it should also be acceptable for another person ) fairness
▪ 3. Too many cooks spoil the broth. (origin: England)
▪ (The combined efforts of the group end up with something that is not so pleasant to eat) the individual
4. The early bird catches the worm. (origin: England)
▪ (Success comes to tho who prepare well and put in effort.) action
▪ 5. God helps tho who help themlves. (origin: Greece)
▪ (We can rely on nobody but ourlves) lf-help英国英语全称
Caution
Two noteworthy features of values
▪ 1. Contradictory values are found in a particular cultue.
▪ E.g.All people are created equal.
▪ E.g Sweep the snow in front of his door, and not bother about the frost on his neighbor’s roof.
▪ A gulf between the values that are articulated (idealism) and the values that are acted out (reality)
▪ 2. Values of a culture change with time.
Values
▪ Five orientations propod by American anthropologist, Florence Kluckhohn
▪ Human Nature
Chine value on human nature
▪ Man, by nature, is good; people’s inborn characters are similar, but learning makes them different;
胡萝卜土豆丝▪ The story of Mencius’ mother moving three times in order that her son could be in a good neighborhood;
▪ Your character will be tinted “red” if you are in the company of redness, but “black” if you are in clo contact with ink.
▪ 安于现状，知足常乐，仁者爱人，仁至义尽
▪ Relationship of human to nature
Chine traditional medicine shows the cultural value of harmony with nature
▪ Westerners: A minor illness like cold - work as usual; human body is an object that can be studied and then controlled---leading to the invention of powerful medicines, but the medicines may have unpleasant or even dangerous died effects.
▪ Chine: cold- stayed home to give body a chance to recover. The human body is part of nature and needs to be brought back into balance. Medicine should work with the body’s own resources. It should be integrated with the body, so it will take longer to work.
▪ Sen of time
Activity---ca study
▪ When a middle age American couple showed up to help a young Chine couple move into their new apartment, they were surprid that the Chine couple would not allow them to do any work. Instead they found a place for them to sit and gave them tea.
▪ Why?
▪ Activity
好奇的近义词是什么
conflict
▪ Westerners: experience the talk and behavior of Chine people as performance, as dramatization of the lf and as not very relevant to what is important; their conversation is lacking in information.
▪ 美国精品Chine: showing that they are friendly, virtuous, or sufficiently important; they are educated, polite, humble, high-ranking or hospitable.
▪ “我爸是李刚。”
Western doing-culture
▪ People – active everywhere
▪ Talk a lot while maybe physically active —they are planning, problem-solving, gathering information or making decisions. –equally important compared with actions
▪ Action- goals emphasized; outcome measured quantitatively
▪
增广贤文全文及解释Social relationship
▪ Individualism Vs Collectivism
▪ Individualism
▪ Individualist culture has been described as “I” culture becau the basic social unit is the individual. Individualism applies to, besides American culture, other cultures, esp. tho of Europe, North America, Australia, and New Zealand.
▪ Root: philosophy of liberalism----each human is a rational being capable of making well-reasoned choices and thus derving the right to live his or her own life. The pursuit of individual rights and interests is utterly legitimate.
珍惜的名言
