语法专题：名词性从句
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复习材料
名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组，在复合句中充当主语、宾语、表语和同位语。按其句
法功能可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。它们需由引导名词性从句的关联词来引导。
引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：
1)连词：that（无任何词意，不充当任何成分）
whether,if（均表示“是否”，在从句中均不充当任何成分）
幸运遇到你 as if ,as though（表示“好像”，“似乎”，在从句中均不充当任何成分）
2）连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom,who, whichever,whomever
3）连接副词：when, where, how, why,how many,how much,how often
名词性从句中that 不作成分，what在从句中作主、宾、表
一、主语从句
在主句中充当主语成分的成为主语从句。主语从句的连接词主要有三类：从属连词、连接
代词和连接副词。从属连词有that, whether,if.在从句中不做任何成分。连接代词在从句中做主、宾、表、定语。连接副词在从句中作状语。
1. that但是怎么造句引导的主语从句
1）That置于句首的主语从句（that在主语从句中不作任何成分，没有含义，只起连接作用，不可省略）
That he will come to the conference has excited every one of us.
That he will succeed is certain.
2) 形式主语it代替主语从句
It +is adj/n/-ed +that从句
It is necessary/likely/ unlikely/ important/ certain/ clear/ obvious/ strange/ natural/...
It is a pity/shame/fact/ wonder/ an honour /...
It is said/ told/ heard/ reported/ considered/ remembered/ hoped/suggested/advid /ordered/...
注：在it is necessary/ strange/ strange /natural / vital / esntial .../ it is suggested/advid/ordered/requested/insisted/required/...that从句中应用虚拟语气“should+动词原形”，should可省略。
2、宾语从句
在句子中充当宾语的从句是宾语从句。
注意事项:
1. 宾语从句中的时态
主句为现在或将来时态，宾语从句谓语动词可用任何所需的时态
I know he didn't tell you the truth.
I know he won't come to the party.
主句为过去时态，从句谓语动词一般要用与过去时态相联系的时态。
He told me that he had told Mary about the meeting.
He asked if Tom would come.
2. 宾语从句中的否定前移
宣风镇主句谓语动词是think, believe, imagine, suppo, expect,等，从句的否定一般要转移到主句上来
I don't think it is his fault.√
I think it is not his fault.×
3. 宾语从句中的语气
炽的拼音动词suggest, advi, order, command, insist, demand, require, request冬瓜子的功效等后常用虚拟语气“should+动词原形”.
3、表语从句
梨用英语怎么说在句中作表语的从句称为表语从句。
1. 表语从句的连接词
从属连词：that，whether
连接代词：who, whom, who, what, which, whoever, whomever, whatever, whichever等
连接副词：when, why, where, how, whenever, wherever, however等
其它连接词：becau, as if, as though, as, like等
2. 注意
1）reason作主语时的表语从句
主语为名词reason时，表语从句中的连词要用that，而不用why
2) 表语从句中的虚拟语气
主句主语是：idea, advice, suggestion, order, request, requirement等“建议、命令、要求”的名词时，表语从句的谓语用虚拟语气“should+动词原形”
3）连接词的运用
从属连词that在从句中不作成分，无含义，口语中可省略。Whether在从句中不作成分，表“是否”。连接代词和连接副词在从句中都作成分，一般都表疑问，但what,when where等连词有两种含义，一种表示疑问，一种表示陈述，相当于the thing that, the time when, the place where 等
This is where she goes wrong. 这就是她的错误所在。
My topic today is what she is interested in. 我今天的话题就是她所感兴趣的。
4、同位语从句
同位语从句是用来解释说明某一名词的内容和实质的从句。
1. 同位语从句的连接词
常用引导词有: that, whether, why, who, where, how, when等，if一般不引导同位语从句。
2. 同位语从句常用的先行词
不是所有的名词都可以跟同位语从句。可以被同位语从句修饰的常用名词有：belief, doubt, explanation, hope, idea, news, truth, fact, opinion, possibility, problem, thought, wish, question, suggestion, advice, order, warning, promi等。
1）I have no idea when they will be back and ttle down.我不知道他们什么时候回来定居
2）We've heard the news that a new steel bridge will be built next year. 我们已听说明年要建一座新钢桥的消息。
（注：当先行词是表“建议，命令，要求”的名词时，同位语从句要用虚拟语气“should+动词原形”）
名词性从句专练
1. （2008湖北）随着科技的快速发展，我难以想象十年后我的家乡会是什么样子。(what)
With the rapid development of science and technology, I can't imagine _________________________ in ten years.
2. （2007湖北）他失败了数次，这一事实使他很心烦。(fail)
彩虹英语怎么读
The fact_______________________makes him very upt.
3. （2007湖北）他是否出过国，这无关紧要。(abroad)
_________________________doesn't make much difference.
4. 房价将要下跌，这一消息使很多人开始以较低的价格将自己的房子卖掉。（fall）
The news _________________________has caud many people to ll their hous at lower prices.
5. (2009湖北)任何计划好了的事在人们将它付诸实践的时候都肯定会改变.（whatever）
植物蛋白粉___________________________ is sure to change as one puts it into practice.
6. （2011天津）现代科学已经给出了确凿的证据——吸烟能导致很多疾病。(lead)
Modern science has given clear evidence_______________________ many dias.
7. （2011北京）这条让人震惊的消息让我意识到我们会面临多么可怕的问题。(terrible)
The shocking news made me realize_________________________we would face
8. （2011江苏）为什么这个人没有尽快报告这起事故还不清楚.(report)
It was never clear_____________________the accident sooner.
9. （2011山东）我们已经给她提供了工作，但是我不知道她是否会接受它。(accept)
We've offered her the job, but I don't know___________________________it.
