This Guideline was compiled by Germanischer Lloyd WindEnergie GmbH in cooper ation with the Wind Energy Committee. The Wind Energy Committee consists of re prentatives from manufacturers, universities, insurance companies, associations, e ngineering offices, authorities and institutes. The current members of the Wind Ener gy Committee are named on our website:
本指南由德国劳埃德船级社风能股份有限公司在风能委员会的协助下编辑完成。风能委员会由制造商，大学，保险公司，行业协会，工程部门，权威人士和学院的代表组成。风能委员会的现有成员在我们的网址：中列出。
This Guideline comes into force on 1st November 2003.
本指南于2003年11月1日正式实施。
Interpretation of the Guideline is the exclusive prerogative of Germanischer Lloyd W indEnergie GmbH. Any reference to the application of this Guideline is permitted on ly with the connt of Germanischer Lloyd WindEnergie GmbH.
本指南的解释权归德国劳埃德船级社风能股份有限公司。所有涉及本指南的运用必须得到德国劳埃德船级社风能股份有限公司的同意。
The latest edition of the General Terms and Conditions of Germanischer Lloyd Win dEnergie GmbH is applicable.
德国劳埃德船级社风能股份有限公司的通用条款和条件的最新版本均是可用的。Reproduction by printing or other means, even of extracts, is only permissible with the connt of Germanischer Lloyd WindEnergie GmbH.
通过打印或其他方式复制本指南，甚至包括摘录本指南，都必须经过德国劳埃德船级社风能股份有限公司认可。
广袤无垠什么意思Germanischer Lloyd WindEnergie GmbH
德国劳埃德船级社风能股份有限公司
Steinhoeft 9, 20459 Hamburg / Germany
德国/ Steinhoeft 9, 20459 hamburg
Phone: +49 40 31106-707 Fax: +49 40 31106-1720
电话：+49 4031106-707 传真：+49 40 31106-1720
E-mail: Internet:
Published by: Germanischer Lloyd WindEnergie GmbH Printed by: Heydorn Drucker ei und Verlag, Uetern / Germany
刘媛媛演讲
德国劳埃德船级社风能股份有限公司出版
德国Heydorn Druckerei und Verlag, Uetern印刷
List of Abbreviations
缩写清单
Abbreviation
缩写Meaning
含义
A Abnormal (for partial safety factors)
反常工况（局部安全系数）
C Condition of the rviceability
适用条件
CRP Carbon Fibre Reinforced Plastic
碳纤维增强塑料
Coh Coherence function
功能一致性
DLC Design Load Ca
设计负荷工况
ECD Extreme Coherent gust with Direction change
方向改变的极限持续阵风
ECG Extreme Coherent Gust浙江英语
极限阵风
EDC Extreme Direction Change
极限方向改变
EOG Extreme Operating Gust
极限运行阵风
EWM Extreme Wind speed Model
极限风速模式
EWS Extreme Wind Shear
极限剪切风
F Fatigue
疲劳
化妆的步骤是什么FEM Finite Element Method
有限元方法
FRP Fibre Reinforced Plastic
纤维增强塑料
GRP Glass Fibre Reinforced Plastic
玻璃纤维增强塑料
GL Germanischer Lloyd
德国劳埃德船级社
GL Wind Germanischer Lloyd WindEnergie GmbH
德国劳埃德船级社风能股份有限公司
LDD Load Duration Distribution
负载持续分布
N Normal and extreme (for partial safety factors) 正常和极限情况（对于分项系数）NTM Normal Turbulence Model
正常湍流模式
NWP Normal Wind Profile
正常风速轮廓
S Wind turbine class S (S for special)
风轮类别S（S表示特殊）
T Transport, erection and maintenance (for partial safety factors and for the wind speed)
运输，树立和维护(对于分项系数和风速)
U Ultimate limit state
最终极限状态
Symbols and Units
符号和单位
Symbols and Units Ud in the Guideline
本指南中所采用的符号和标准
Symbol
符号Meaning
含义Unit
单位Remarks
备注
A cross-ction area (strength)
横截面（强度）
reference surface (aerodynamics)
参考面（空气动力学）m²
A category for the higher turbulence intensity
高湍流强度的种类- (e Section 4.2.2)
AS stress cross-ction
压力面m² (e Section 5.3.3.4.1)
a slope parameter
斜坡参数- (e Section 4.2.2)
B category for the lower turbulence intensity
低湍流强度的种类- (e Section 4.2.2)
b width (breadth)
宽度（幅度）m
b1 opening width (arc measure)
开口宽度（弧形测量方法）m (e Section 6.6.7.2)
C scale parameter of the Weibull function
韦伯函数指数m/s (e Section 4.2.3.1.1)
CA coefficient of aerodynamic lift
升力系数-
CW coefficient of aerodynamic drag
阻力系数-
CM coefficient of aerodynamic moment
力矩系数-
Cia reduction factors for the material safety factor, short-term strength 材料安全因子，短期强度- i from 1 to 4
Cib reduction factors for the material safety factor, fatigue strength
材料安全因子，疲劳强度- i from 1 to 5
Cic reduction factors for the material safety factor, stability
材料安全因子，稳定性- i from 1 to 2
Cid reduction factors for the material safety factor, bonding
吉鸿昌简介材料安全因子，粘接- i from 1 to 4
CIFF reduction factor for inter-fibre failure
内部纤维失效因子- (cf. Section 5.5.3)
cmax maximum blade depth
最大叶片深度m (cf. Section 4.2.4.2.3)
cmin parameter for calculating the ice formation on the blade
叶片上结冰形态的计算参数m (e Section 4.2.4.2.3)
D damage
损坏-
D, d diameter
直径m
DQ damage contribution from vortex-induced transver vibrations
横向涡激震动的损坏影响- (e Section 6.6.6.1.5)
DF damage contribution of the actions from the operating conditions
运行工况下损坏影响- (e Section 6.6.6.1.5)
d nominal bolt diameter
名义螺栓直径m (e Section 5.3.3.4.1)
E E-modulus (modulus of elasticity)
弹性模量MPa, N/mm²
F force
力N
Fi force acting in the direction i = x, y or z
力作用在方向上，i = x, y 或z N (e Chapter 4, Appendix B)
FSmax max. bolt force under extreme load
极限负载下最大螺栓力N (e Section 5.3.3.4.1)
F0,2min bolt force at the 0.2 % elastic strain limit
0.2%的弹性拉力极限下的螺栓力N (e Section 5.3.3.4.1)
f line force
线密度力N/m
f frequency
频率1/s f = ω/(2π)
f0,n n-th natural frequency
n次基频1/s n = 1, 2, …
fR maximum rotating frequency of the rotor in the normal operating range 正常运行范围内转子最大旋转频率1/s
fR,m transition frequency of the m rotor blades
转子交变频率1/s
G gust reaction factor
阵风作用因子-
G dead weight
固定负载/净负载N
G shear modulus
剪切模量MPa, N/mm²
g area load from dead weight
固定负载下的面积负载N/m²
g acceleration due to gravity (=9.81m/s²)
重力加速度（g=9.81m/s²）m/s²
h height
高度m
红书读后感h1 opening height
运行高度m (e Section 6.6.7.2)
I moment of inertia
惯性力矩
m4
I15 characteristic value of the turbulence intensity for a mean wind speed of 15 m/s
平均风速15m/s时的湍流强度特征值- (e Section 4.2.2)
j casting quality level
阵风等级- (e Section 5.3.3.4.3)
迪丽热巴图片j0 constant
常数- (e Section 5.3.3.4.3)
K modified Besl function
修改过的Besl方程
-
KA application factor
运用因子- (e Section 7.4.4.3.1)
KFα transver load factor, root stress
鸭边腿横向负载因数，叶根受力- (e Section 7.4.4.3.5)
KFβ face load factor, root stress
面负载因子，叶根受力- (e Section 7.4.4.3.4)
KHα transver load factor, contact stress
横向负载因子，接触压力- (e Section 7.4.4.3.5)
KHβ face load factor, contact stress
面负载因子，接触压力- (e Section 7.4.4.3.4)
KV dynamic load factor
气动负载因子- (e Section 7.4.4.3.2)
Kγ load distribution factor
负载分布因子- (e Section 7.4.4.3.3)
k flange gaps
法兰间隙m (e Section 6.6.7.1)
k shape parameter of the Weibull function
韦伯函数的形状参数- (e Section 4.2.3.1.1)
ks reduction factor for the design S/N curve of large bolts
