《高中英语常用词语辨析》样张
a kind of, kind of, of a kind
a kind of放在名词之前作定语,意思是“一种,某种”;kind of只作状语,放在被修饰的动词、形容词或副词之前,表示“有点,多少”的意思圆梦助学;of a kind只用作后置定语,有两个意思:①同类的,②徒有其名的,不怎么样的。如:
Although bamboo is really a kind of grass, it looks more like a tree. 虽然竹子的确是一种草,但它的样子更象一棵树。
I kind of thought this would happen. 我还以为这会发生的。
She looks kind of pale after her illness. 她病后脸色有点苍白。
The sisters are two of a kind. They like the same things. 这姊妹俩性格完全一样,她们的爱好也相同。
She gave me tea of a kind; but we couldn’t drink it. 她给我的美其名曰是茶,但简直不能喝。
alike, like, likely
三者形似,但意思与用法不同。alike用作形容词时,常作表语,意思是“相同的,想象的”;用作副词时,意思是“同样地,相似地”。如:
The two sisters are very much alike.这姐妹两个很相像。
Our teacher treats all the students alike.我们的老师对所有的学生都一样。
like作“相似的,类似的”讲时,是形容词;还可用作介词,此时意思是“象,跟……一样”。如:
He climbs the tree like a monkey.他爬起树来象猴子一样。
It is more like a spear than anything el.与其说它象别的东西,倒不如说它象一支梭镖。
likely用作形容词时,意思是“很可能的,可期待的”;作副词时,主要用在most和very后 ,意思是“很可能”。如:
It is likely to rain.天很可能要下雨。
It is likely that he will win the match.很可能他会赢得这场比赛。
They will very likely come by car.他们很可能开车来。
a little , a bit李世
二者用法的相同点:
都可用在形容词、副词原级和比较级前。如:
a little(a bit)cold 有点冷
a little(a bit)smaller 有些小
在以下情况下用法不同:
1)a bit后接名词时需加of,而a little则不必。如:
I have a bit of headache. 我有点头痛。
Don’t worry. You still have a little time. 别担心,你还有点时间。
2)与not连用时,二者意思都变了。not a bit意思是“毫不”,“一点也不”,not a little是“很多,很多,非常,很”的意思。试比较:
通话录音
I am not a bit tired. 我一点也不累。
I am not a little tired. 我非常累。
alive, living, live, lively
四个词都可作形容词,但意义用法不同。alive的意思是“活着的”,“精神抖擞的”,只作表语,也能够作定语,但应放在所修饰的名词之后。如:
Her parents are still alive. 她的父母依然健在。
No man alive will believe what he says. 谁也不会相信他的话。
living的意思是“活着的”,“有生命的”,“现存的”,作定语或表语均可。如:
He is still living. 他还活着。
Living men can err. 活人都会有错误。
a living language 活的语言
live购房意向书意思是“活的”,“没有死的”,发音为[laiv]。只作定语,一般用来修饰动物。如:
It emed that all were dead; However, there were three live men on the board. 好象所有的人都死了;不过,在船上还有三个活着的人。
lively意思是“活泼的”,“精神旺盛的”。如:
lively conversation热烈愉快的谈话
a lively person愉快的人
lively youth活泼的青年人
He is a lively man. 他是个精神旺盛的人。
all along, all the time
这两个短语都有“一直,三真自始至终”的意思。
all along是个习语,表示“从头到尾,一直”。如:
I knew that all along. 我从一开始就知道此事。
I saw trees all along the road. 我一路上都看见有树。
all the time是个普通短语,表示“始终”。如:
Conditions are changing all the time. 情况在持续地变化。
五行缺火all one’s life , in life
all one’s life 意思是“一生,终生,一辈子”。如:
My mother taught English in the village school all her life.我母亲在那所乡村学校教了一辈子英语。
in life的意思是“生前,活着的时候”。如:
The important thing in life is to have a great aim, and the determination to attain it. 人生最重要的事情是有一个伟大的目标和实现这个目标的决心。
All right, That’s all right
这是两句口语中常用的答语,意思不同。All right是“行的”,“好的”“能够”的意思,一般用于“赞同”意见。如:
—Let’s go for a walk, shall we? 我们去散步好吗?
—All right. 好。
—Shall we meet at ven? 我们七点碰头好吗?
—All right. 行。
All right还能够表示:
1)健康状况良好。如:
Are you feeling all right? 你身体觉得好吗?
2)圆满、顺利。如:
Can you speak English all right now? 你现在英语说得很好了吗?
Everything is all right. 一切顺利。
3)的确。如:
She is pretty, all right, but I don’t like her. 她是漂亮,但我不喜欢她。
That’s all right. 是“没相关系”的意思,是对别人抱歉的安慰语。如:
—I am sorry I was not able to come yesterday evening. I had a bad cold. 对不起,昨晚我没有来,我感冒了。
—That’s all right. 没关系。
allow, let, permit, promi, admit
let, allow和permit,意思都是允许,但词意依次增强,很多情况下能够互换,permit比allow更正式些。如:
I’ll let you know as soon as he comes back. 他一回来我就通知你。
The teacher allowed me to enter the office. 教师让我进办公室。
The guard permitted him to pass. 守卫让他通过。(含有“批准”的意思)
The nur allowed him to remain there, though it isn’t permitted. 护士让他留在那里,虽然这是(规定)不允许的。
permit, allow的基本用法如下:
permit(allow)sth. 允许某事
permit(allow)sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事
permit(allow)doing sth.(不跟to do)允许做某事
promi的意思是票据融资“允诺”,“答应”。如:
I promid him to go to the cinema. 我答应他去看电影。
promi后接复合宾语时,动词不定式to go的逻辑主语不是him,而是句子的主语I。比较:
I permit him to go to the cinema. 我允许他去看电影。(to go的逻辑主语是him)
permit的主语假设是物(事)时,其后可接动名词,假设是人,一般不接动名词。如:
His work does not permit his going.(正)他的工作不允许他走。
He does not permit my going.(误)他不让我去。
permit后不接从句,而promi后可接从句。如:
She has promid that she will come.(正)
She has permitted that she will come.(误)
admit指允许某人进入某地或加入某组织。如:
You have to pass the examination to be admitted to the college. 你必须参加考试,及格后,方能获准入校。
The teacher opened the door and admitted me into the classroom. 不灭的心老师打开门让我进教室去。
almost, nearly
二者的意思都是“几乎”,“差不多”,但用法略有不同。
1)在肯定句中能够互换。如:
It’s almost(nearly)five o’clock. 差不多五点了。
He has almost(nearly)finished his homework. 他差不多做完作业了。