北师大版初三英语第3讲:unit2词汇篇(教师版)

更新时间:2023-06-04 05:01:06 阅读: 评论:0

北师⼤版初三英语第3讲:unit2词汇篇(教师版)
Unit 2 词汇篇
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1. 理解并灵活运⽤重点单词、词组
2. 理解、掌握并灵活运⽤重点句型
1.be ud to doing 习惯做某事
sb. be/get ud to doing sth. 某⼈习惯做某事sth. be ud to do sth. 某物被⽤来做某事
eg: He is ud to living in the village. 他习惯⽣活在乡村⾥。
Clothes are ud to keep warm. ⾐服是⽤来保暖的。
be ud to doing与ud to do的区别
be ud to doing表⽰习惯做某事,to为介词后⾯加动词-ing形式;ud to do sth.过去常常做某事,to 后⾯接动词原形。eg: He is ud to swimming in winter. 他习惯冬泳。
仙人掌能治什么病
He ud to swim in winter. 他过去常常冬泳。
2.have trouble (in) doing 在做某事上有(困难)
have problems/ trouble/ difficulties (in) doing 在做某事时有问题/⿇烦/困难。
其中problems/trouble/ difficulties三个词意义相近,可以互换。介词in可省略。
eg: Did you have problems (in) talking with people when you were in China?
当你在中国的时候,与⼈交谈有问题吗?
The boy has much trouble (in) reciting words. 这个男孩在背单词上有很⼤的问题。
3.depend on 依赖,依靠,由…决定;取决于
(1) 后接名词或代词
eg: I always depend on the map when I am in a strange place. 在陌⽣的地⽅,我总是依靠地图。
The price depends on the quality. 价钱取决于质量。
值得看的好书(2) 后接带不定式的复合结构,即depend on/upon sb. to do sth.,意思是“指望某⼈做某事”,
可转换为depend on one(’s) doing sth.。
eg: You can’t depend on them to do it. = You can’t depend on their/ them doing it.
你不能指望他们做这事。
(3) ⽤于“depend on/ upon it + that从句”这⼀结构,意思是“指望...;对...不怀疑”。
eg: You may depend on it that they will be there in time.
你不⽤怀疑,他们会及时到达那⾥。50年代经典老歌
4.be proud of 为…感到骄傲
proud adj. 骄傲的pride n. 骄傲,⾃豪
be proud of doing sth.= be proud to do sth. 因做某事感到⾃豪
eg: He was proud of having such a good friend. 他为有这样的好朋友感到⾃豪。
take pride in sth. 以…为骄傲
eg: We take pride in our craftsmanship. 我们为⾃⼰的⼿艺感到骄傲。普通话测试题
5.instead of 代替,⽽不是;后接名词、代词或动名词。
eg: I will go there instead of her. 我将代替她去那⾥。
She decided to play basketball instead of football. 她决定打篮球⽽不是踢⾜球。
Why don’t you go to the cinema instead of playing computer games?
你为什么不看电影,⽽是玩电脑游戏呢?
instead“代替,反⽽”,通常放在句尾,不跟任何词。
eg: My husband asked why I couldn’t just forget about dieting and eat normally instead.
我丈夫问我为什么不忘了节⾷,⽽正常吃饭呢。
6.keep doing sth. ⼀直做某事
keep后接动名词做宾语,表⽰⼀直、坚持做某事
eg: If you keep practicing your spoken English,you will soon make great progress.
如果你坚持⼀直练习你的英语⼝语,你很快就会取得很⼤的进步。
【拓展】keep的⽤法
(1)⽤做系动词,表⽰“保持(某种状态)”,其后常接形容词做表语。
eg: Plea keep quiet/ silent! 请保持安静!
(2)⽤做实义动词,可表⽰:
①保存;保管;保留
eg: Plea keep the things for me while I am away. 在我离开期间,请帮我保管这些东西。
②饲养;照顾;养活
eg: Does he earn enough to keep himlf and his family? 他的收⼊够养活⾃⼰和家⼈吗?
③阻⽌;阻碍,常⽤于keep sb/sth from doing sth. 结构中,其中介词from不能省略。
eg: The heavy rain didn’t keep them from watching the football match.
⼤⾬没有阻⽌他们观看⾜球赛。
(3)⽤做使役动词
后⾯常接复合宾语,表⽰使(某⼈或某物)保持某种状态或持续某种动作。
①keep + sb./sth. + 介词短语
eg: If your hands are cold,keep them in your pockets. 如果你觉得⼿冷,就把它们放在⼝袋⾥。
②keep + sb./sth. + 形容词
eg: We should keep our classroom clean and tidy. 我们应该保持教师整洁⼲净。
③keep + sb./sth. + 副词
eg: The cold weather kept us indoors. 寒冷的天⽓使我们待在家⾥。
④keep + sb./sth. + doing sth. 表⽰“让某⼈/某物⼀直做某事”,强调动作的持续性。
eg: I’m sorry I’ve kept you waiting. 很抱歉,让你久等了。
⑤keep + sb./sth. + done,表⽰“让某⼈/某物⼀直被…”,宾语补⾜语为动词的过去分词,表⽰被动。
eg: She kept her eyes shut and stayed where she was. 她紧闭双眼,待在原地未动。(4)keep构成的短语
keep a record 保持记录keep in touch (with) 保持联系
keep a diary 记⽇记keep in mind 牢记
keep up with 跟上keep one’s word 遵守诺⾔
7.prefer doing sth. 更喜欢做某事
(1)prefer A to B 喜欢…甚于… to为介词,故A和B可以为名词,可以为动名词
eg: I prefer paper books to e-books. ⽐起电⼦书籍我更喜欢纸质的书。
Even on holidays Mr. Wang preferred reading to doing nothing.
即使在假⽇,王先⽣宁愿读书也不愿闲着。
(2)prefer to do sth. ⽐较喜欢做某事
eg: They prefer to spend the rest of the morning wandering in the streets.
他们⽐较喜欢把早上的时间都⽤来在街上闲逛。
(3)prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 宁愿做某事⽽不愿做某事
eg: I prefer to climb the hills rather than go to the aside during my holiday.
我宁愿去爬⼭⽽不愿到海边度假。
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pared with/to… 与…相⽐,⽐较
(1)compared with/to,compare的过去分词短语形式⽤作状语时,两者可以互换。
eg: Compared with/to western countries,China us materials very carefully.
和西⽅相⽐,中国使⽤物资很节省。
(2)compare with和compare to的区别
compare…with…把…和…⽐较(常表⽰同类相⽐,⽐较)
原地踏步走compare…to… 把…⽐作…(常表⽰异类相⽐,⽐喻)
eg: Let’s compare this song with that one. 让我们把这⾸歌和那⾸歌作⼀下⽐较。
The girl is often compared to the moon in his poems. 在他的诗歌⾥,⼥孩常被⽐作⽉亮。
9.be made of 由…制成
(1)be made of 表⽰制成成品后,仍可看出原材料,制作过程发⽣物理变化。
(2)be made from 表⽰制成的东西完全看不出原材料,制作过程发⽣化学变化。
10.⽐较级+and+ ⽐较级“越来越…”
more and more 越来越多
eg: Beijing is becoming more and more beautiful. 北京变得越来越漂亮了。
1. ---Jack,I have______ working out the maths problem. ---Don’t worry. Let me help you.
A. fun
B. trouble
C. experience
D. interest
2. With the development of modern industry,there will be _______ living space for wild animals.
A. fewer and fewer
B. more and more
C. less and less
D. bigger and bigger
3. Jenny’s uncle is a scientist. She is proud _______ him.
A. of
B. in
C. from
D. at
4. ---Mum,shall we go to the beach tomorrow? ---It _________ the weather.
A. carries on
B. lives on
C. depends on
D. holds on
5. Liu Huan,a famous male singer,has long hair,becau he ___________ long hair.
A. ud to have
B. is ud to having
C. is ud for having
D. is ud to have岗位降温
6. We should encourage them ____________ throwing cold water on them.
A. instead
B. instead of
C. other than
D. other
7. A knife is made _________metal.
A. of
B. with
C. from
D. in
8. I prefer _____ her some prents _____ her some money.
A. to buying;to giving
B. to buy;to give
C. buy;give
D. buying;to giving
9. He kept______ all day,becau he wanted to finish the work on time.
A. working
B. work
C. to work
D. worked
10. When I compared my report _______ Betty’s,I found hers was better.
A. of
B. with
C. from
试验方法
当时明月在曾照彩云归D. to
解析:
1. 本题为情景对话,回答的意思为“不要着急,我来帮助你”,可以推出上⽂的题意应为“我解出这道数学题有⿇烦”,⽽have trouble (in) doing sth.为固定搭配,意思为做某事有⿇烦,故选B。
2. 根据常识可以判断出,“随着现代⼯业的发展,对于野⽣动物来说,将来会有越来越⼩的⽣存空间”。“⽐较级+and+⽐较级”表⽰“越来越…”space不可数,故选C。
3. 固定搭配be proud of,以…为豪。故选A。
4. 本题考查动词词组辨析,carry on继续;live on以…为⾷,靠…⽣活;depend on依靠,取决于;hold on稍等,坚持。根据题意,上⽂意思为“妈妈,明天我们去海滩好吗?”,下⽂回答depend on 为最佳选项,意思为“看天⽓⽽定”。故选C。
5. 本题题意为“刘欢留着长头发,因为他习惯了长头发”。be ud to doing sth表⽰习惯于做某事,ud to do sth. 表⽰过去常常做某事。故选B。
6. 本题题意为“我们应该⿎励他们⽽不是往他们⾝上破冷⽔”。instead of意思为“⽽不是”后加动词ing形式;other than意思为“除了,不同于”。故选B。
7. 本题题意为“⼑⼦是由⾦属制成的”,原材料可以看出,be made of指原材料可以看得出,be made from看不出原材料,be made in在…制造,故选A。
8. 固定搭配prefer doing sth. to doing sth.,⽐起做某事更喜欢做…,题意为“⽐起给她⼀些钱,我更喜欢给她买礼物。”故选D。
9. 题意为“他⼀整天⼀直在⼯作,因为他想按时完成。”固定搭配“keep doing sth.”⼀直做某事。故选A。
10. 题意为“当我把我的报告和贝蒂的相⽐时,发现她的更好。”compare…with同类相⽐,compare…to…异类相⽐,我的报告和贝蒂的报告为同类,故⽤with,选B。
答案:
1-5 BCACB 6-10 BADAB
基础演练
⼀、翻译下列短语。
1.胜过_______________

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