浅议绿色贸易壁垒对我国农产品出口的影响及对策英文文献 |
|
Analysis and countermeasure of international green trade barrier The green trade barrier limits the development of the international trade by manysteps. It obstacles the integration of the international economy the free developmentof the world trade. It is in some countries，especially in some developing countriesthe production for export lost greatly. However， under the limitation of the green tradebarrier，the air and water resource have been polluted badly，and the soil resourcedecreasing and the loss of life.1.The definition of the green trade barrier . The green trade barrier is also named as green barrier. It refers to protection of theinner market by means of the limitation by the strict environment protectiontechnology or the green signs in the import，which can keep the foreign merchandisoutside. This caus an immen impact on the international trade order. 2.The reason of appearance of green trade barrier 1The change of view of value. Along with the development of the industrialization and the growth of the worldeconomy，the increasing destroy and pollute getting more and more rious. This hasdirectly affected the living and development of human beings. And this successfullydrew an attention of the inter
national society. The way of people thinking， behavior ofconsumption and view of consumption have changed. The new conception of value thethat concentrate on quality of living and creating green civilization； need for greenproduction with pollution and harm to human are increasing. The people in developedcounties have formed a good view of value for green production also providesdeveloping countries chance and challenges. 2The traditional lawless tax barrier gets condemn of the international society. In order to bring up the newborn industries，some mature industries gainunpredicted profit. But even this，they never thought of the protection of the innermarket. However after the operation of the General Agreement On Tariffs andtrade the import tax has been decread ever since. Non-tax barrier has beenlimitations. The chance and space for traditional trade barrier are getting smaller andsmaller. On this occasion，the developed countries begin to arch for new ways oftrade protections for the sake of development of their own industries. And green tradebarrier come into u. 3Different standards in different countries. Economys state stays in different level owing to the different technology level.So there are great differences in the ability of envir
onment protection in differentcountries. This leads to different environment protection standard. It is a hard to saywhich standard is the best one，becau different environment standard has a directimpact on the cost. And this would have great impact on the world competence， whichaffected the balance of the international income and expens .In order to limit theimport from developing countries，the developed countries find the green trade to beexcus to protect their own industries. 3.The impact of the green trade barrier on China The green trade barrier has both good and bad impact on one country. But it indeedhas different impact on different countries. Limited by the technology，China has alower ability to deal with the barrier and catch up the chance to improve itlf.Moreover，China mostly focus on export labor-centered production. By far it hasreceived negative impact from the barrier. For the time being，this kind of barrierexists everywhere，and grow stronger and stronger，which has struck our market andeconomy riously. 1The negative impact on the green trade barrier ①It prevents the export form China and weakens the export internationalcompetence. 会计的核算方法②It influences the bilateral even multilateral relationship with other countriesgetting to problems. Rece
ntly，the developed countries circumscribe the importation from acclaimingthat tho goods are not the green production. Thus bring up the conflictions. Thedeveloped countries enjoy a free form of trade in a certain trade zone，which reducethe standard of trading rather than trading from outside of the zone. So剃头大师，countries likeChina are hard to break through the trade barrier. All tho confliction are bad forChina. The situations are against China. ③案号It accelerates the pollution for products and makes the metastasis to China. Thestandard of environment protection are low，the systems are not perfect with lowstandard of green production in China. Becau of this，a lot of production of lowquality are entering Chine market leads to many foreign waste cas spring upeverywhere. All of this shows that China are lacking of a perfect supervising system.Without a good management there will be no efficient working. According to theinvestigation，from 1997 to 2000，the foreign waste are incread from 990，000 tonto 17，500，000 ton. There is evidently no doubt that the foreign waste have madethe environment more rious in China. But in the items got the investment nearlyhave no supervising on environment protection，which let the industries causingpo
llution have transferred in China. 2The positive impact on the green trade barrier. In the developed countries，the environment policy helps to strengthen themanagement of industry environment，and applies the high tech to develop the greenproduction，which can lower the cost. Thus we can gain high social and economyefficiency，and finally get the production of high quality. ①It does good to Chinas continuous development. The task of environment protection should be accomplished by all the humanbeings.The skills of management in developed countries are in an advantage placethan that in the developing countries. China as a developing country is suppod tolearn the experience of developed countries which can be made good u of topromote the harmonious development of environment and economy development. Weshould insist in the principle of continuous development which is good to ourconstruction of exportation. Furthermore，this can promote the industries to producemore and more technology-focud production and helps to break through the greentrade barrier while doing international trade.宽宏大量的意思是 ②It get the industries change their trading concept. The law of environment protection in developed countries is more perfect than inChina. The concepti
on of environment protection has been applied in every aspectwhile doing business activity. For example：u green package，sail green productionwith green after sail rvices provided，introduce environment protection knowledge，do promoting of green production with green theme and establish a green image ofcompany. With activities of above，everyone can protect the environment and natureconsciously. 4. Breaking the barrier 1The government plays the role of the lead to help to develop the” greenenvironment protection” industries.胖子穿搭 ①adjust the construction to the” green environment production industriesquot. ②complete the” law of the green tradequot，resist the barrier. 2For the industries，they should face to the challenge to produce more” greenproductionquot. ①Collecting quotgreen informationquot，developing quotgreen productionquot. The companies are suppod to take part in international economic technologyconference and business trade expo or visit others who are of abundant” greeninformation” and exchange with each other. The most esntial way of breaking”green trade barrier” is to establish a nice international image. The industries shouldestablish a good supervision of production design and material picking，productio
nand waste recycling，recto explore a green production needed by the market.Furthermore，the industries should pay much attention to financial input and thetraining of the employers. ②Strengthen the green management. Improve the market competence. Thequotgreen management” refers to a management that require industries form akind of sailing conception of conform the rule of green trade by continuous mind andgreen environment requirement. It is an effective way of breaking through thebarrier. The green environment protectionism is recognized as a worldwide trade newproblem，which need to face it and challenge it. Correcting trade standard is allcountries are aware of its unavoidable ability. In the WTO system，environmentprotection has been on the agenda. If we want to be successful in changing China agreat trading country into a great trading world power ， we have to dolf-improvement and rai the conception of environment protection. So only whenwe make every effort to do improvement can we break through the green tradebarrier. 5. Our strategy and thinking on green trade barriers 1Strengthen education and drumbeating，rai awareness of environmentalprotection. the acceleration of the awareness of environ
ment from all people can notbe parated from extensive publicity and education. Propagandize foreign trade andeconomy and environmental protection，especially do some work on universalenvironmental pact and environmental standards，making all the economic and tradeworkers at different levels fully understand the crucial and practical significance ofenvironment in this field. We should do a good job on the negative reports on foreigntrade and environmental protection，lead environmental protection awareness intoenterpris business decisions，and foster a n of crisis and urgency. 2Establish and improve environmental protection laws and regulations ，strengthen execution of trade environment. we In the respect of preventing pollution， have t up some laws and regulations，but they are not in accordance with practical needs，maneuverability is not good，punishment is not enough；we are actually using economic methods to makeenterpris buy and ll drainage right，rather than urging them to deal with.Conquently aftertime we should improve every environmental protection regulationwith the priority of prevention and strengthen supervision and management. Tostrengthen governments environmental management function，to punish acts againste
nvironmental laws legally，develop the effect of green products and environmentalsigns，strengthen all the consumers surviving effects，develop green industry intosupporting industry，green product into fist product. 3Develop green market，green product，green marketing. With the strengthening of the awareness of environmental and resource protection anew industry with the purpo of protecting environment and resource——greenindustry is growing fast. At the same time，it has driven the development andformation of green product and green market. It is reported that in the following tenyears green product will lead the main markets in the world. We should adoptourlves with this tide change product designation package promote productquality， increa environmental items， make the best to achieve the standards of everytechnique， curity， and sanitation， environment， adopt the tide of green consumption andneeds， also develop low-environment-protection-cost， good-quality green productthat is in accordance with universal environmental standards. 4Strengthen international exchange and cooperation，u international power toresist trade barrier. Although Uruguay will make an” Decision on Trade and Environment” toe
nhance awareness of environmental protection also it will make some basic items inwhich include curity items to prevent developing countries from beingdiscriminated by developed countries. Therefore we can make u of some relevantitems and international agreements and unite other developing countries to resistdiscriminating strategies adopted by developed countries who are making u of greenprotection，and promote the development of our foreign trade. 6. Conclusion With the world economy developing fast，the developed country hold higherstandards and stronger awareness of environmental protection. We are in the thedeveloping stage， protection of green products have great effect on the exportationof our products随心所欲的五月，we must adapt our country and our foreign triage with this new tideand follow relevant regulations strictly. 国际绿色贸易壁垒的分析和采取的对策 绿色贸易壁垒通过多种途径限制国际贸易的发展。它阻碍国际经济一体化、以及世界贸易的自由发展。在一些国家特别是在一些发展中国家出口产品损失很大。然而在绿色贸易壁垒的限制之下空气和水资源已严重污染土壤资源正在减少和生物多样性正在消失。 1。绿色贸易壁垒的定义 绿色贸易壁垒也称为绿色壁垒， 它指的是在进口方面，通过制定严格的环境保护技术标准或绿色标志限制国外产品进入本国市场。
这严重影响了国际贸易秩序。 2。绿色贸易壁垒出现的原因 1价值观的转变 随着工业化发展和世界经济增长破坏和污染变得越来越严重。 这直接影响到人类生存和发展. 这成功吸引了国际社会的关注。人们的思维方式、消费行为和消费观念已经改变。新的价值观念正集中专注人们的生活质量以及创建绿色文明随着污染和危害对人们的增加， 对绿色产品的需求逐步增长。 发达国家的人们已经形成了关于绿色产品的好的价值观念，这也给发展中国家提供了机遇和带来了挑战。 （2传统的非法出口退免税政策受到国际社会的谴责 为了抚养新生的行业一些成熟的行业获得出乎意料的利润。 但即使这样他们从不认为知识产权保护的内在市场， 关税贸易总协定运行以后已经降低了进口关税非关税壁垒成为一种限制。这使得传统贸易壁垒出现的机会和空间越来越小。在这种情况下，发达国家为保护本国工业开始寻找新的贸易保护方式.就这样，绿色壁垒应运而生。 3在不同的国家有不同的标准 由于不同的技术水平，各国经济处在不同的发展阶段。所以不同国家在保护环境能力方面有很大的差异这导致不同的环境保护标准。 它是一种很难说哪种标准是最好的因为不同的环境标准的直接影响成本。这将有很大的影响影响了世界竞争力的平衡国际收入和支出以限制进口来自发展中国家发达国家的绿色贸易成为借口来保护本国工业。 3。绿色贸易壁垒对中国的影响 绿色贸易壁垒既有好的又有坏的影响。 但它确实在不同的国家有
不同的影响。有限的技术中国有能力处理低的障碍并迎头赶上的机会来提高自己。而且中国更多的是出口劳动密集型产品。到目前为止已经收到来自壁垒所带来的负面影响。随着时间的推移这种障碍的存在袭击了我们的市场和我国的经济。 北京高考改革方案1绿色壁垒的负面影响 ①削弱了我国出口外销的国际竞争力。 ②它影响与其他国家处理问题的双边甚至多边关系。 最近发达国家限制进口那些非绿色生产的货物， 因此带来了矛盾。发达国家在一个特定的贸易区享有自由贸易形式从而降低了交易的标准而不是来自外部的交易。所以像中国这样的国家是难以突破绿色贸易壁垒的. 所有的这些冲突对中国是不利的这是在抵抗中国。 ③它加速了产品的污染，并使一些污染产品转移到中国。环境保护标准较低、制度不够完善和低水平的绿色产品进入中国。 正因为如此大量生产的低质量产品进入中国市场导致了许多外国浪费的产品大批量的用于中国。所有这些表明，中国缺少一个完善的监督体系。没有良好的经营将没有有效的工作。 据调查从 1997 年到 2000 年国外垃圾从 990000 吨增加到 17500000 吨。 毫无疑问有明显的这些外国浪费了在中国的环境更严重。 但是在这个项目的投资几乎没有对环境保护监督而造成的污染已经让产业转移。 2绿色贸易壁垒的积极影响 在发达国家环境政策有助于加强管理适用于工业环境的高科技发展绿色农产品生产从而降低成本。因此我们可以获得高的社会和经济效益并最终获得高品质的产品。
①它有利于我国的可持续发展。 环境保护的任务应该完成所有的人类这个技能在发达国家在一个优势地点在发展中国家中国作为一个发展中国家是应该学的发达国家的经验可以很好地利用促进社会的和谐发展的环境和经济发展具有重要意义。 我们应坚持的原则不断发展我国的建筑的出口。 另外这能促进产业产生越来越关注科技。生产并帮助突破绿色贸易壁垒而做国际贸易。 ②它使企业改变自己的产业概念。 发达国家的环境保护法律比中国更完善。 他们在进行商业活动时，环境保护的观念已经施用于各个方面。 例如:使用绿色包装、 帆船航行与绿色后绿色生产提供服务引进环保知识促进绿色生产、绿色的主题形象的公司建立绿色。上面的活动每个人都能有意识地保护环境与自然 4。打破绿色障碍 1政府扮演的角色帮助发展导致了“绿色环保”的产业。 ①调整“绿色环保行业”的生产结构。 餐桌英语②完成“关于绿色贸易的法律” ，抵抗绿色壁垒 2对于企业他们必须面对挑战，生产更多.
