非谓语动词 01
治胃病的偏方
一、不定式和动名词作宾语
1．两者皆可，无区别
1）begin , start 等。
He began to learn / learning English last year.
注意：若begin , start 为进行时，后接不定式。
I was beginning to wonder if it was easy enough to go on.
2）want , need , require , “需要”之义时，后接动名词的主动式，或不定式的被动式。
This problem wants / needs / requires thinking about .
= This problem wants / needs / requires to be thought about .
The trours need shortening by two inches.
= The trours needs to be shortened by two inches.
2．两者皆可，有细微差别。动名词表经常习惯的动作，泛指。不定式指一次具体的动作，特指。如like , prefer , hate 等。比较：
She likes swimming , but doesn’t like to swim with me today.
She likes swimming . = She likes to swim .
3．两者皆可，其义不同。 如 remember , forget , regret , try , mean , stop , help 等。
1）remember / forget
① remember / forget + having +过去分词, 指动名词的动作做过。
remember / forget + 动名词（一般式代替完成式）
I remember having met / meeting him before.
（我记得以前见过他。meet 的动作发生过。）
② remember / forget +不定式，指不定式的动作未做。
She forgot to lock the door when she left home.
（她离家时忘了锁门了。lock 的动作未发生。）
2）regret
① regret + having + 过去分词，指后悔干过。
She regretted having misd the train. = She regretted that she had misd the train.（她没有赶上火车，感到很懊悔。）
He regretted being unable to help us. = He regretted that he was unable to help us.
（他因不能帮助我们而感到很抱歉。）
② regret + not to have + 过去分词，指后悔未干过，也可用not having + 过去分词代替，但常说 regret to say that + 从句
。
讲
第六讲 非谓语动词
3T 英语 王兴文
语法王
I regret not to have started earlier.
= I regret not having started earlier. （我懊悔没有早一点出发。）
I regret(to say) that I cannot come. （很抱歉，我不能去。）
3）try
钢铁是怎样炼成的阅读感悟
①try +动名词，指试验干过或即将一定去干。
The worker tried using another method. （工人们试用另一种方法。试验用过）Try turning it contra-clockwi and e whether it works. （你把它按相反的方向转一下，看行不行。try turning, 试着转动，“转动”的动作发生；try to turn, 想转动，“转动”的动作不一定发生。）
②try + 不定式，指想去干，努力去干，但不一定成功。
I’ll try to get this done by six o’clock. （我将努力把它在六点前作完。“努力”，“想”之义，不一定实现。）
③be trying + 不定式，指正试验去干，不定式的动作发生。
have been trying + 不定式，指已经试验且继续试验下去，不定式的动作发生。
Ro is trying to draw a hor.
（罗丝正在努力画马。t r y为进行时，后接不定式，表不定式的动作发生。）Mrs. Smith has been trying to get you on the phone. （史密斯夫人一直想跟你电话联系。t r y为完成进行时，接不定式，不定式动作发生）
4）m e a n
①mean + 动名词，意味着....，意思是 ....。
Forgetting the past means betraying. （忘记过去就意味着背叛）
Riding a bicycle means taking exerci. （骑自行车意味着锻炼身体）
②mean+不定式，想干....。
I’m terribly sorry. I didn’t mean to interrupt you. （真对不起, 我没想要打扰你）注意:
I.主语是物时，用mean doing。
II.主语是人时，“想”之义，用mean to do; “意思是”之义，用mean doing。
5）sto p
①stop + doing, 停止正在做的事。
Stop talking! = Do n’t talk! （停止讲话，不要讲话）
②stop to do, （stop, vi., to do表目的）停止正做的事，去做另一事。
Stop to talk. （停下正做的事，要发言）
6）h el p
①help(to)do, 帮助或有助于做（help“帮助”之义，后接不定式）。
个人经历范文He helped (to) mend my bicycle. 他帮忙修理了我的自行车。
鹿柴的诗意
Customers’ criticisms help (to) improve the rvice of our shops.
顾客的批评意见有助于我们商店改进服务工作。
②help doing= stop doing, 阻止做。（help“阻止”之义，后接动名词，且常与can, could连用）
We could n’t help [stop] laughing on his translation.
（could n’t help[stop]，不能阻止地，情不自禁地）
非谓语动词 03
4．有的动词后常跟不定式，有的常跟动名词
1）常跟动名词的动词或短语动词：enjoy, finish, mind, avoid, consider, delay, excu, imagine, keep, pardon, prevent, practi, suggest（建议），understand, miss, risk, can’t help, can’t stand（忍受），put off（延期），insist on, look forward to, be worth,
描写相思的诗句be ud to, give up, 等。
2）常跟不定式作宾语的动词或短语：w a n t（想），t r y（想），m e a n（想），promi, manage, agree, fail, pretend, decide, hope, wish, expect, offer, plan, would like, should like, would love ...。
5．其它习惯用法：
1）疑问词后跟不定式，不跟动名词。
I don’t know when to start. = I don’t know when I’ll start. （主句与从句主语一致）
注意：why后不跟不定式，要用句子表达。
I don’t know why I am always careless.
不说：I don’t know why to be always careless.
2）but, except (prep.)特殊，不接动名词，而接不定式。
①but+v.（原形）：（谓语动词是do时，不定式不带to）
I couldn’t do anything but just sit there and hope. （除了坐等之外，我毫无办法）
She did nothing but complain the whole time she was here.
（她在这儿时，一个劲地抱怨没完。）
One cannot but admire his courage. （cannot后面，省略do anything）
②but+ to v.（谓语动词不是do时，不定式带to）:国土面积排名前十的国家
I had nothing but to drink a glass of milk.
The man had no choice but to pretend to be dead.
③but+ (to) v.（非谓语动词是do时，不定式可省to）
She had nothing to do but (to) cry.
3）i t为形式宾语，真正的宾语常用不定式。
贡献I found it possible to answer all the questions within the time given.
4）i t为形式宾语，真正的宾语常用动名词，当作宾补的词为否定意义时。
I found it im possible answering all the questions within the time given.
I think it u less arguing about it.
凯德广场
