公共英语三级常见语法合集

公共英语三级常见语法合集

语法是英语考试中的重中之重,所占分值也多。提高英语能力的方法是多读多练多积累。在这里整理了公共英语三级常见语法合集供大家阅读,希望能帮助到您。

公共英语三级常见语法1

一、动词的时态

(一)一般现在时：

1.由when.as soon as.the minute.the moment.till.until等引起的时间状语从句，以及由if.unless.provided that等引起的条件状语从句常常用一般现在时态表示将来的动作，而主句则用一般将来时态。

例：They will go home for winter vocation as soon as they finish their exams.

2.当表示普遍的真理或者众所周知的客观事实，常常用一般现在时态。例：The earth is round. 地球是圆的。

(二)一般过去时：区分三个短语的用法：

1.ud to do sth：过去常常做某事。

2.be/get ud to doing sth：习惯做某事。

3.be ud to do sth：被用于做某事。

(三)一般将来时：

1.be to+动词原形：表示安排或计划好了的动作。例：The Third-Ring Road is to be open to traffic before National Day.

2.be about to+动词原形：表示即将发生的动作。例：The lecture is about to begin.讲座即将开始。

3.一些表示动作趋势，满足澳大利亚如开始.终结，以及一些表示动作方向，如往来的动词，常常用现在进行时态表示按照安排将于将来发生的事情学杂费，这类动词常见的有如：start，go，leave，come，arrive等。例：We are leaving for Beijing tomorrow. 我们明天动身去北京。

(四)进行时态：

重点区分when和while引起的时间状语的用法。

When表示时间上的点，在考试中其引导的时间状语从句多翻译为“这时?”，主句多用进行时态;while引导的时间状语从句多翻译为“正当……时”，该从句用进行时态。 例：One of the guards was sleeping when the general came in, which made him very angry.

I fell and hurt mylf while I was playing tennis.

(五)现在完成时：

重点区分have (has) been to：某人去过某地，表示一种经历，强调状态，可以和once，twice，often，never，ever连用;

Have (has) gone to：某人在去某地的途中或已在某地，强调动作。此句型不能与上述时间状语连用。例：He has gone to America.他已经去了美国。He has been to America twice.他去过美国两次。

(六)过去完成时：

1.强调一个动作发生在另外一个过去的动作之前时，用过去完成时。

2.It was the first/cond/last time that? 在该句型，that从句用过去完成时态。

(七)将来完成时：

常常标志性地由by.by the time.by the end of引起一个表示将来时间段的时间状语，主句用将来完成时态。

二、情态动词

常见的情态动词有can.could;may.might;must.need;should;ought to，对于情态动词常考其两方面的内容，一是情态动词用于推测句型，二是情态动词用于虚拟语气(该部分的讲***在虚拟语气)

(一)情态动词用于对现在内容推测的常见句型有：

1.Can/may do sth：表示对现在内容的可能性的推测;

2.Must do sth：表示对现在内容的肯定性的推测。

(二)情态动词用于对过去内容推荐的常见句型：

1.can/may have done sth：表示对过去内容的可能性;

2.must have done sth：表示对过去内容的肯定性的推测。

例：1.Mr Green must have failed to receive my letter, otherwi he would have replied.

2.I believe he must have had an accident, otherwi he would have arrived on ticad机械制图me.

三、虚拟语气

虚拟语气表示与客观事实相反的假设，由if虚拟条件从句和主句构成。

(一)虚拟语气的基本内容

根据虚拟与其这种与事实相反的假设所对应的时间不同，虚拟语气的if虚拟条件从句与主句的谓语动词分别有三类构成形式：

假设类型If虚拟条件从句

主句与现在事实相反 Did/were Would/should do 与过去事实相反 Had done Would/should have done 与将来事实可能相反 Were to do/did/should do Would/should do

例：1.I wouldn't talk that way if I were Peter.

2.If the whole operation had not been planned before hand, a great deal of time and money

would have been lost

3.Jean doesn't want to work right away becau she thinks that if she were to get a job she probably wouldn’t be able to e her friends very often.

4.I would ask George to lend us the money if I knew him.

5.Do you think there would be less conflict (战斗.斗争) in the world if all people spoke the same language.

6.If Bob had come with us, he would have had a good time.

(二)if的省略形式(又称虚拟语气的倒装结构)

在if虚拟条件从句中，如果谓语部分包含were，should，had等词，则可以把这些词放到主语前，省略if，构成虚拟语气的倒装结构。

(三)主句与从句时间不一致时虚拟语气的构成

当虚拟语气的if虚拟条件从句和主句的动作发生的时间不一致时，要根据各自表示的时间采用对应的虚拟语气的构成形式。

例：1.If I had attended the meeting yesterday, I would know what happened now.

2.If you had taken our advice at that time, you would not be in trouble now.

(四)主观倾向性动词引导的'虚拟语气的构成

在英语中存在一些动词，表示建议.命令.要求等主观的倾向，由这些动词引导的that宾语从仙居句中，从句的谓语动词要用should+动词原形，should可以省略。这类常见的主观倾向性动词有“一坚持.二命令.三建议.五要求”，分别是：

一坚持：insist 二命令：ordermand 三建议：suggest.advi(n advice).propo(提议.建议) 五要求：ask.deman汉乐府古诗d.require.request.desire

例：1.The doctor advid that Mr. Malan have an operation right away so as to save his life.

2.His mother insisted that he put on the coat when going out. 同时，如果在题干中出现上面这些主观倾向性动词的名词和形容词形式，题干中从句部分的谓语动词也要用should+动词原形，should可以省略。考试中常见的词汇有：order，command，suggestion，advice，proposal，demand，request，desire，advisable，desirable.

(五)wish that和if only引导的虚拟语气的构成

Wish that引导的宾语从句和if only引起的感叹句都用虚拟语气来表示一种没有实现或无法实现的愿望，其中wish that句型往往翻译为：多么希望?;if only表示的愿望较wish that更强烈，常翻译为但愿;要是?就好了。两者的用法基本相同。两者的用法是：

1.当表示与现在的事实相反的一种愿望时，wish that引导的宾语从句和if only引起的感叹句中谓语动词采用的形式是：did/were;

2.当表示与过去的事实相反的一种愿望时，wish that引导的宾语从句和if only引起的感叹句中谓语动词采用的形式是：had done;

3.当表示未来一时很难实现的一种愿望时，wish that引导的宾语从句和if only引起的感叹句中谓语动词采用的形式是：would do.

(六)would rather引导的虚拟语气的构成

Would rather的意思是“宁愿.宁可”其引导的宾语从句(一般省去that)通常用虚拟语气表示一种与事实相反的假设。我们可以假设A.B是两个人，通过牢记一下句式来记住其用法：

1.A would rather B did sth：表示与现在或将来事实相反的一种假设

2.A would rather B had done sth：表示与过去事实相反的一种假设

四、感官动词.使役动词

(一)感官动词的用法及其被动语态：在英语中，常见的感官动词有“五看二听一感觉”(e.watch.look.notice.obrve;hear.listen to.feel)，在主动语态中用动词原形或现在分词作宾补，如e sb do/doing sth，改为被动语态时则要加to，如sb be en to do sth.

(二)使役动词的用法及其被动语态：在英语中，常见的使役动词有make.let.have，在主动语态中用动词原形做宾补，如make sb do sth，改为被动语态时则要加to，如sb be made to do sth， 两种形式都表示使/让某人做某事的意思。例：We were made to study hardy.我们被要求努力学习。

(三)英语中常考的句式结构一：sth need/ want/ require 可爱的小动物作文doing 某物需要?(=sth need/want/require to be done)(此句式主语为物)例：My room is a mess. It needs tidying up(整理)。

(四)英语中常考的句式结构二：have/get sth done 请/让别人做某事(have/get后接宾语为物)

例：I have taken many photos. I‘m going to get the filmdeveloped. 五.情态动词的被动语态，其构成为：情态动词+be+过去动词。例：The work must be finished before lunch. 这项工作必须在午饭前干完。

公共英语三级常见语法2

1、 一般现在时

(1) 表示经常发生的动作或现在存在的状态，常与sometimes, always, often, every day等时间状语连用。如：Sometimes, we go swimming after school.

(2) 表示客观真理、科学事实等。如：The earth goes round the sun.

2、 现在进行时

(1) 表示说话时或现阶段正在进行的动作，常与now, at prent等时间状语连用。如：

What are you doing now?

(2) 和always, continually等连用，表一种经常反复的动作，常含有某种情感。如：

He is always阳光下成长 doing good deeds.

3、 现在完成时

主要表示动作发生在过去，对现在仍有影响，或动作一直延续到现在，或可能还要继续下去，常与just, already, so far, once, never 等词连用。如:Have you ever been to Beijing?

4、一般将来时

表示将来某一时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与tomorrow, next year等连用。如：

Ill meet you at the school gate tomorrow morning.

Were going to e a film next Monday.

5、一般过去时

表示在过去某一时间或某一阶段内发生的动作或存在的状态，常与yesterday, last year, in 1998, a moment ago等词连用。如：It happened many years ago.

6、过去进行时

表示过去某一时刻或某一时期正在发生的动作。如：

What were you doing this time yesterday?

7、 过去完成时

表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。如：

The train had already left before we arrived.

8、一般过去将来时

表示说话人从过去的角度来看将来发生的动作。如：

He描写战争的成语 said he would come, but he didnt.

公共英语三级常见语法3

要点

1、 连词的种类

(1) 并列连词用来连接并列关系的词、短语或分句，如and, for, or, both…and, either…or, neither…nor等。

(2) 从属连词用来引导从句，如that, if, whether, when, after, as soon as等。

除了从属连词(引导状语从句)外，还有其它可以用来引导从句的词类。它们是连接代词和连接副词(引导名词性从句)，关系代词和关系副词(引导定语从句)。

2、 常用连词举例

(1)and 和，并且

They drank and sang all night.

(2) both…and 和， 既…也…

Both my parents and I went there.

(3) but 但是，而

Im sad, but he is happy.

(4) either…or 或…或…， 要么…要么…

Either youre wrong, or I am.

(5) for因为

I asked him to stay, for I had something to tell him.

(6) however 然而，可是

Af first, he didnt want to go there. Later, however, he decided to go.

(7) neither…nor 既不…也不

Neither my parents西瓜皮怎么吃 nor my aunt agrees with you.

(8) not only…but(also) 不但…而且…

He not only sings well, but also dances well.

(9) or 或者，否则

Hurry up, or youll be late.

Are you a worker or a doctor?

(10) so 因此，所以

Its getting late, so I must go.

(11) although 虽然

Although it was late, they went on working.

(12) as soon as 一 …就

Ill tell him as soon as I e him.

(13) becau 因为

He didnt go to school, becau he was ill.

(14)unless 除非，如果不

I wont go unless it is fine tomorrow.

(15)until 直到…

He didnt leave until eleven. (瞬间动词用于not… until 结构)

He stayed there until eleven.

(16)while 当…时候，而 (表示对比)

While I stayed there, I met a friend of mine. (while后不可用瞬间动词)

My pen is red while his is blue.

(17)for 因为

He was ill, for he didnt come. (结论是推断出来的)

(18)since自从…

I have lived here since my uncle left.

(19)hardly… when 一… 就

I had hardly got to the station when the train left.

(20)as far as 就… 来说

As far as I know, that country is very small.

You may walk as far as the lake. (一直走到湖那里)

例题

例1 John plays football ____, if not better than, David.

A as well B as well as C so well D so well as

解析：该题意为：John踢足球如果不比David好的话，那也踢得和David一样好。 和…一样好为as well as. 故该题正确答案为B。

例2 She thought I was talking about her daughter, ____, in fact, I was talking about my daughter.

A when B where C which D while

解析：该处意为"然而"，只有while有此意思，故选D。

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;例3 Would you like a cup of coffee ____ shall we get down to business right away?

A. and B. then孕妇可以吃腐乳吗 C. or D. otherwi

解析：该处意为"或者"，正确答案为C。