ORGANIZATIONAL PROCESS PERFORMANCE 组织过程性能
A Process Management Process Area at Maturity Level 4 成熟度4级的过程管理类过程域
Purpo 目的
The purpo of Organizational Process Performance (OPP) is to establish
and maintain a quantitative understanding of the performance of lected
process in the organization’s t of standard process in support of
achieving quality and process performance objectives, and to provide
process performance data, balines, and models to quantitatively
manage the organization’s projects.
组织过程性能（OPP）的目的在于建立并维护对组织标准过程集中已选定
的过程的量化了解，以支持达成质量与过程性能目标，并提供过程性能数据、
基线及模式，来量化管理组织的项目。
Introductory Notes 简介
The Organizational Process Performance process area involves the
following activities: 组织过程性能过程域涉及以下活动：
•Establishing organizational quantitative quality and process
performance objectives bad on business objectives (See the
definition of “quality and process performance objectives” in the
glossary.)
基于业务目标，建立组织级定量的质量和过程性能目标（参考在术语表
关于“质量与过程性能目标”的定义。）
•Selecting process or subprocess for process performance
analys
选择用于过程性能分析的过程或子过程
•Establishing definitions of the measures to be ud in process春节手
performance analys (See the definition of “process performance” in
the glossary.) 建立可用于过程性能分析的度量项定义（参考在术
语表关于“过程性能”的定义）
•Establishing process performance balines and process performance models (See the definitions of “process performance balines” and
“process performance models” in the glossary.)
建立过程性能基线和过程性能模型（参考在术语表关于“过程性能基线”
和“过程性能模型”的定义）
The collection and analysis of the data and creation of the process
performance balines and models can be performed at different levels of the organization, including individual projects or groups of related projects as appropriate bad on the needs of the projects and organization.
数据的收集和分析以及建立过程性能基线和模型的活动，可以在组织的不同层次进行，包括单个项目或者根据项目和组织的需要建立的相关联的项目群都认为是合适的。
The common measures for the organization consist of process and product measures that can be ud to characterize the actual performance of process in the organization’s individual projects. By analyzing the resulting measurements, a distribution or range of results can be established that characterize the expected performance of the process when ud on an individual project.
组织的公共度量由过程及产品度量项构成，可用于描述织内的单个项目的实际过程性能。通过分析度量的结果，可以建立结果的分布或范围，当用于单个项目时，他们描述期望的过程性能特征。
Measuring quality and process performance can involve combining existing measures into additional derived measures to provide more insight into overall efficiency and effectiveness at a project or organization level. The analysis at the organization level can be ud to study productivity, improve efficiencies, and increa throughput across projects in the organization.
质量与过程性能度量可以将现有的的度量项组合成为另外的衍生度量，在项目或组织层面提供全面的效率和效果方面的更深入的理解。组织层面的分析能被用来研究组织中项目的生产力，提升效率，并且增加组织中各项目的生产能力。
The expected process performance can be ud in establishing the project’s quality and process performance objectives and can be ud as a baline against which actual project performance can be compared. This information is ud to quantitatively manage the project. Each quantitatively managed project, in turn, provides actual performance results that become a part of organizational process asts that are made available to all projects.
预期过程性能可用来设定项目的质量及过程性能目标，亦可作为与实际项目性能比较的基线。这些信息用来以量化方式管理项目。反过来，每个已量化管理的项目所提供实际的性能结果，将成为组织过程资产的一部分，这些数
据对所有项目是可用的。
Process performance models are ud to reprent past and current process performance and to predict future results of the process. For example, the latent defects in the delivered product can be predicted using measurements of work product attributes such as complexity and process attributes
such as preparation time for peer reviews.
过程性能模型用于展现过去及目前的过程性能，并用来预测过程的未来的结果。例如，在预测交付产品中潜在的缺陷时，可以通过使用诸如复杂度这样的工作产品属性以及诸如同行评审准备时间这样的过程属性来进行预测。When the organization has sufficient measures, data, and analytical techniques for critical process, product, and rvice characteristics, it is able to do the following: 当组织对各项关键过程、产品及服务特性有足够的度量项、数据及分析技术时，就可以开展下列工作：
•Determine whether process are behaving consistently or have stable trends (i.e., are predictable)
确定过程的表现是否具备一致性或有稳定的趋势(如，是可预测的) •Identify process in which performance is within natural bounds that are consistent across projects and could potentially be aggregated 识别性能在自然边界内的过程，此自然边界在项目间是一致的，并且有可能进行聚合
•Identify process that show unusual (e.g., sporadic, unpredictable) behavior
识别表现出异常行为的过程(例如，偶发的、不可预测的)
•Identify aspects of process that can be improved in the organization’s t of standard pr ocess 识别组织标准过程集中可进行的改进
•Identify the implementation of a process that performs best 识别最佳的过程
This process area interfaces with and supports the implementation of other high maturity process areas. The asts established and maintained as part of implementing this process area (e.g., the measures to be ud to characterize subprocess behavior, process performance balines, process performance models) are inputs to the quantitative project management, causal analysis and resolution, and organizational performance management process in support of the analys
described there. Quantitative project management process provide the
quality and process performance data needed to maintain the asts
described in this process area.
本过程域与其他高成熟度过程域相互作用，并支持它们的实施。作为实施此
海蜇皮图片过程域的已建立和维护资产的一部分（如：被用来描述子过程的行为的度量
项，过程性能基线及过程性能模型）都是定量项目管理、原因分析与解决和
组织性能管理过程的输入，支持在那些过程域中描述的分析。定量项目管理
过程提供了维护本过程域中描述的资产所需的质量与过程性能数据。Related Process Areas 相关过程域
Refer to the Measurement and Analysis process area for more
information about specifying measures, obtaining measurement data, and
analyzing measurement data. 关于如何指定度量项，获得度量数据以及分
析度量数据的更多信息，请参考度量与分析过程域。
Refer to the Organizational Performance Management process area for
more information about proactively managing the organization’s
performance to meet its business objectives.
关于主动管理组织性能以满足业务目标的更多信息，请参考组织性能管理过
程域。
Refer to the Quantitative Project Management process area for more
information about quantitatively managing the project to achieve the
project’s established quality and p rocess performance objectives.
关于量化管理项目以达成项目建立的质量与过程性能目标的更多信息，请参
考定量项目管理过程域。
Specific Goal and Practice Summary 特定目标及实践摘要
SG1 Establish Performance Balines and Models 建立性能基线及模型
SP1.1 Establish Quality and Process Performance Objectives 建立质量及过程性能目标
SP1.2 Select Process 选择过程
SP1.3 Establish Process Performance Measures 建立过程性能度量项
SP1.4 Analyze Process Performance and Establish Process Performance Balines
行政组织分析过程性能并建立过程性能基线
SP1.5 Establish Process Performance Models 建立过程性能模型
Specific Practices by Goal 特定目标的特定实践
SG 1 Establish Performance Balines and Models 建立性能基线及模型
performance of the organization’s t of standard process, are established and maintained.
建立并维护描述组织标准过程集期望的过程性能特征的基线和模型。
Prior to establishing process performance balines and models, it is
necessary to determine the quality and process performance objectives
留言短句
for tho process (the Establish Quality and Process Performance
Objectives specific practice), which process are suitable to be
关于爱情的话measured (the Select Process specific practice), and which measures
are uful for determining process performance (the Establish Process
Performance Measures specific practice).
在建立过程性能基线和模型之前，应先确定那些适合被度量的过程的(“选
择过程”特定实践)质量与过程性能目标（“建立质量与过程性能目标”特
定实践），这些度量对决定过程性能是有用的(“建立过程性能度量项”特
定实践)。
100种简单早餐小学生The first three practices of this goal are interrelated and often need to be
performed concurrently and iteratively to lect quality and process
performance objectives, process, and measures. Often, the lection of
one quality and process performance objective, process, or measure will
constrain the lection of the others. For example, lecting a quality and
process performance objective relating to defects delivered to the
customer will almost certainly require lecting the verification process
and defect related measures.
本目标的前三个实践是相互关联的，常常需要同时并且迭代地执行，以选择
质量与过程性能目标、过程和度量项。通常，一个质量与过程性能目标、过
程或度量的选择，往往会约束其他的选择。例如，选择一个与交付给客户的
缺陷有关的质量与过程性能目标，几乎肯定需要选择验证过程以及与缺陷相
关的度量项。
The intent of this goal is to provide projects with the process performance
balines and models they need to perform quantitative project异口同声的意思
management. Many times the balines and models are collected or
created by the organization, but there are circumstances in which a
project may need to create the balines and models for themlves.
The circumstances include projects that are not covered by the
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organization’s balines and models. For the cas the project follows
the practices in this goal to create its balines and models.
